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Sex-specific facilitation and reproduction of the gynodioecious cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides on the Himalaya-Hengduan mountains,SW China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 247-255页

作者： Xufang Chen Yazhou zhang Lishen Qian renyu Zhou Hang Sun Jianguo Chen State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnanChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation Restoration and Ecological ServicesSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnanChina

When benefiting other beneficiaries,cushion plants may reciprocally receive feedback effects.The feedback effects on different sex morphs,however,remains unclear.In this study,taking the gynodioecious Arenaria polytrichiodes as a model species,we aimed to assess the sex-specific facilitation intensity of cushion plant by measuring the beneficiary cover ratio,and to assess the potential costs in cushion reproductive functions by measuring the flower and fruit cover ratios.The total beneficiary cover ratio was similar between females and hermaphrodites.Females produced much less flowers but more fruits than hermaphrodites.These results suggested that females and hermaphrodites possess similar facilitation intensity,and female cushion A.polytrichoides may allocate more resources saved from pollen production to seed production,while hermaphrodites possibly allocate more resources to pollen production hence reducing seed production.The surface areas covered by beneficiaries produced less flowers and fruits than areas without beneficiaries.In addition,strong negative correlations between beneficiary cover and flower cover were detected for both females and hermaphrodites,but the correlation strength were similar for these two sex morphs.However,the correlation between beneficiary cover and fruit cover was only significantly negative for females,suggesting that beneficiary plants negatively affect fruit reproduction of females while have neutral effects on hermaphrodites.All the results suggest that to facilitate other beneficiaries can induce reproductive costs on cushion A.polytrichoides,with females possibly suffering greater cost than hermaphrodites.Such differentiation in reproductive costs between sex morphs,in long-term perspective,may imply sex imbalance in population dynamics.

关键词： Facilitation intensity Feedback effect Sex-specific facilitation Nurse plant Population dynamics Reproductive function

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Genetic architecture of embryo size and related traits in maize

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 204-215页

作者： Xiaowei Li Min Wang renyu zhang Hui Fang Xiuyi Fu Xiaohong Yang Jiansheng Li State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaMOA Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The embryo in maize has a critical role in controlling kernel nutrition components and grain yield.We measured five embryo weight and size traits,six kernel weight and size traits,and five embryo-tokernel ratio traits in a nested association mapping(NAM)population of 611 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)derived from four inbred lines including the high-oil,giant-embryo line BY815 as the common parent.Using three statistical methods,we identified 5–22 quantitative trait loci(QTL)for each trait,explaining 4.7%–46.7%of the phenotypic variation.The genetic architecture of maize embryo size and its related traits appeared to be dominated by multiple small-effect loci with little epistasis,and the genetic control underlying embryo size appeared to be distinct from that underlying kernel size.A trait–QTL association network included 205 nodes and 439 edges and revealed 28 key loci associated with at least three traits.Cloned maize genes including Zm Urb2,Emp12 and Zm BAM1 d,maize orthologs of known rice genes that control seed size including BG1,XIAO and GS9,and 11 maize orthologs of Arabidopsis EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE(EMB)genes were identified as underlying these key loci.Further,the phenotypic and genetic relationships between embryo size and kernel size were evaluated,and genetic patterns for identified loci that control embryo size and its related traits were proposed.Our findings reveal distinct genetic architectures for embryo size,kernel size,and embryo-to-kernel ratio traits and establish a foundation for the improvement of embryo-size-mediated kernel nutrition and grain yield.

关键词： Embryo size Kernel size Quantitative trait loci Genetic relationship

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Identifying QTL and candidate genes for prolificacy in maize

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The Crop Journal 2023年第2期11卷 531-539页

作者： Min Wang renyu zhang Yangzi Zhao Jieyuan Yao Weiya Li Zhixing Yang Fei Sun Xiaohong Yang State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology Qilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200ShandongChina

In maize,prolificacy,the number of ears per plant,is a trait of interest to maize breeders for breeding high grain-yielding cultivars or specialty corn,as well as being a model trait for decoding the molecular mechanism of maize evolution.Its genetic basis remains largely unknown.We identified a stable quantitative trait locus,qEN7,for ear number on chromosome 7 in both F2 and F2:3 populations derived from a single cross between the nonprolific inbred line Mo17 and the prolific inbred line LAN404 derived from the landrace PI217404.qEN7 explained 10.7%-11.9%of phenotypic variation,and the LAN404 allele at this locus was associated with an increase of around one ear per plant.qEN7 was confined by fine-mapping to a 0.56-Mb region containing eight annotated genes.Analysis of selection,gene expression patterns in various maize tissues,and sequence polymorphisms between the two parental lines suggested that Zm00001d020683,which encodes a putative INDETERMINATE DOMAIN(IDD)transcription factor,is the most likely candidate gene underlying qEN7.Zm00001d020683 is expressed mainly in the vegetative meristem,immature ears,and internodes and has undergone selection during maize improvement.The identification of qEN7 and the prediction of its candidate gene sheds some light on the evolution of maize ear number and provides a novel resource for breeding of multi-ear maize cultivars.

关键词： Prolificacy QTL mapping Fine mapping Selection analysis Maize

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Adoptive cell transfer therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第1期13卷 3-11页

作者： renyu zhang Zhao zhang Zekun Liu Ding Wei Xiaodong Wu Huijie Bian Zhinan Chen Department of Cell Biology National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Cancer BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. This malignancy is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Novel approaches for prolonging the overall survival of patients with advanced HCC are urgently needed. The antitumor activities of adoptive cell transfer therapy (ACT), such as strategies based on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and cytokine-induced killer cells, are more effective than those of traditional strategies. Currently, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy has achieved numerous breakthroughs in the treatment of hematological malignancies, including relapsed or refractory lymphoblastic leukemia and refractory large B-cell lymphoma? Nevertheless, this approach only provides a modest benefit in the treatment of solid tumors. The clinical results of CAR-T immunotherapy for HCC that could be obtained at present are limited. Some published studies have demonstrated that CAR-T could inhibit tumor growth and cause severe side effects. In this review, we summarized the current application of ACT, the challenges encountered by CAR-T technology in HCC treatment, and some possible strategies for the future direction of immunotherapeutic research.

关键词： adoptive cell transfer therapy hepatocellular carcinoma T cell chimeric antigen receptor immunotherapy

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Chimeric antigen receptor T cell targeting EGFRvIII for metastatic lung cancer therapy

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第1期13卷 57-68页

作者： Zhao zhang Jun Jiang Xiaodong Wu Mengyao zhang Dan Luo renyu zhang Shiyou Li Youwen He Huijie Bian Zhinan Chen National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine Xi'an 710032China Department of Cell Biology Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing 100142China Department of Immunology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710USA

Lung cancer is the most common incident cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. In recent years, the development of tumor immunotherapy especially chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell has shown a promising future. Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvlll) is a tumor-specific mutation expressed in various types of tumors and has been detected in non-small cell lung cancer with a mutation rate of 10%. Thus, EGFRvIII is a potential antigen for targeted lung cancer therapy. In this study, CAR vectors were constructed and transfected into virus-packaging cells. Then, activated T cells were infected with retrovirus harvested from stable virus-producing single clone cell lines. CAR expression on the surfaces of the T cells was detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. The function of CAR-T targeting EGFRvIII was then evaluated. The EGFRvIII-CAR vector was successfully constructed and confirmed by DNA sequencing. A stable virus-producing cell line was produced from a single clone by limited dilution. The culture conditions for the cell line, including cell density, temperature, and culture medium were optimized. After infection with retrovirus, CAR was expressed on more than 90% of the T cells. The proliferation of CAR-T cells were induced by cytokine and specific antigen in vitro. More importantly, EGFRvIII-CART specifically and efficiently recognized and killed A549-EGFRvIII cells with an effector/target ratio of 10:1 by expressing and releasing cytokines, including perforin, granzyme B, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. The in vivo study indicated that the metastasis of A549-EGFRvIII cells in mice were inhibited by EGFRvIII-CART cells, and the survival of the mice was significantly prolonged with no serious side effects. EGFRvIII-CART showed significantly efficient antitumor activity against lung cancer cells expressing EGFRvlll in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, CAR-T targeting EGFRvIII is a potential therapeutic strategy in preventing recurrence and metastasis of lung cancer after surgery.

关键词： chimeric antigen receptor T cells epidennal growth factor receptor lung cancer immunotherapy tumor immunology

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U型渠道移动式流线型量水槽扩散段水力特性及结构优化方法

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农业工程学报 2024年第11期40卷 128-138页

作者：王玉宝周仁宇张晨昊李鑫西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室杨凌712100 西北农林科技大中国旱区节水农业研究院杨凌712100

移动式量水槽较固定式具有不易淤积、可移动多处重复使用等优点,流线型外形的量水槽水力性能好,量水槽的扩散段对水力性能影响大,然而当前还缺乏扩散段的设计原理与方法方面的研究。为了研究量水槽结构型式对水力特性的影响,为流线型量... 详细信息

移动式量水槽较固定式具有不易淤积、可移动多处重复使用等优点,流线型外形的量水槽水力性能好,量水槽的扩散段对水力性能影响大,然而当前还缺乏扩散段的设计原理与方法方面的研究。为了研究量水槽结构型式对水力特性的影响,为流线型量水槽结构设计提供理论指导,该研究建立D40U型渠道模拟模型,其后用FLOW-3D对35、45和55 L/s流量下的半椭圆+半椭圆、半椭圆+抛物线、半椭圆+圆弧、半椭圆+Myring曲线和鱼形量水槽进行模拟,结合原型试验验证数值模拟效果,探讨扩散段设计原则与方法。最后基于isight平台对水力性能较好的半椭圆+Myring曲线和鱼形量水槽进行结构优化。结果表明,45 L/s流量下不同进水口距离下水深数值模拟与试验值相对误差为0.1%~1.3%,上游、喉口和下游断面流速相对误差分别为0.19%~6.63%、0.06%~6.15%和0.02%~6.22%,模拟结果精度高。5种量水槽上游佛汝德数均小于0.5,最大壅水高度为5.71 cm,均满足测流精度和渠道安全要求。其中,半椭圆+Myring曲线量水槽水头损失和壅水高度最低,半椭圆+半椭圆量水槽临界淹没度最高,佛汝德数最小。量水槽扩散段设计原则为:在略微减少临界淹没度的条件下,扩散段前半段设计为曲率较大的曲线,以降低上游壅水高度;后半段设计为曲率相反且曲率较小的曲线,以改善过流流态,平顺水流,降低水头损失。优化后的半椭圆+Myring曲线和鱼形前半段曲率增大,后半段曲率减小,壅水高度和佛汝德数均有所降低,水头损失分别降低5.5%和6.3%,优化后曲线线型满足扩散段设计原则。研究可为流线型量水槽结构设计与优化提供理论指导。

关键词：渠道优化设计数值模拟水力性能扩散段

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暗褐脉柄牛肝菌子实体多糖的分离纯化、结构表征及体外降血糖活性

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食品科学 2024年第8期45卷 55-62页

作者：潘章超张人谕黎欢昶曾念开王勇热带药物创新与转化教育部工程研究中心人机智能协同肿瘤精准诊疗国际联合研究中心海南省热带药用植物研究开发重点实验室海南医学院药学院海南海口571199

为研究暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖的结构特性及生物活性,本研究以暗褐脉柄牛肝菌子实体为研究对象,采用水提醇沉法制备粗多糖,Sevag试剂脱蛋白,大孔吸附树脂脱色,DEAE-52纤维素柱色谱分离,丙烯葡聚糖凝胶S-400HR纯化制备均一多糖。采用高效凝... 详细信息

为研究暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖的结构特性及生物活性,本研究以暗褐脉柄牛肝菌子实体为研究对象,采用水提醇沉法制备粗多糖,Sevag试剂脱蛋白,大孔吸附树脂脱色,DEAE-52纤维素柱色谱分离,丙烯葡聚糖凝胶S-400HR纯化制备均一多糖。采用高效凝胶渗透法测定分子质量、PMP柱前衍生法结合高效液相色谱测定单糖组成、紫外光谱分析是否含蛋白或核酸、红外光谱分析官能团种类、核磁共振波谱初步分析多糖的结构,扫描电子显微镜观察多糖的形貌。利用α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制实验筛选出活性较好的多糖组分并进一步研究其酶动力学,初步阐明暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖的体外降血糖作用机制和类型。结果表明,筛选的4种大孔树脂(HP 2MGL、HP 20、SP 850、SP 825)中,SP 825大孔树脂综合脱色效果最好;活性组分(PPP-0)重均分子质量为31 059 Da,含有α和β构型糖苷键,是一种由半乳糖Gal、葡萄糖Glc、岩藻糖Fuc、甘露糖Man组成的杂多糖;体外降血糖活性实验表明粗多糖和3种均一多糖组分均对α-葡萄糖苷酶有抑制作用,其中PPP-2抑制率最高,PPP-0次之,且在酶动力学上属于竞争性可逆抑制。本研究可为暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖在降血糖相关功能食品和药品方面的开发提供理论依据。

关键词：暗褐脉柄牛肝菌多糖分离纯化结构表征降血糖活性

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Investigation of the Free Vibrations of Radial Functionally Graded Circular Cylindrical Beams Based on Differential Quadrature Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第7期132卷 23-41页

作者： Xiaojun Huang Liaojun zhang renyu Ge Hanbo Cui Zhedong Xu College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China

In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on the high-order theory of transverse vibration of circular cross-section beams,lateral displacement equation was reconstructed neglecting circumferential shear stress.Two equations coupled with deflection and rotation angles were derived based on elastic mechanics theory and further simplified into a constant coefficient differential equation with natural frequency as eigenvalue.Then,differential quadrature method was applied to transform the eigenvalue problem of the derived differential equation into a set of algebraic equation eigenvalue problems.Natural frequencies of the free vibrations of cylindrical beams with circular cross-sections were calculated at one time,and corresponding modal functions were solved together.The obtained numerical results indicated that the natural frequencies of functionally graded(FG)circular cylindrical beams obtained using differential quadrature method agreed with the results reported in related literatures.In addition,influences of varying gradient parameters on the modal shapes of circular cylindrical beams were found to be strongly consistent with previous studies.Numerical results further validated the feasibility and accuracy of the developed differential quadrature method in solving the transverse vibration of FG circular cross-section beams.

关键词： Functionally graded materials circular cylindrical beams natural frequency modal function differential quadrature method

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基于CFD的翼吊布局民机反推出流模式设计与验证

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西华大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期43卷 1-9页

作者：张冬云胡仞与王振威许和勇西北工业大学航空学院陕西西安710072 中国商用飞机有限责任公司上海飞机设计研究院上海201210

格栅式反推力装置通过改变格栅导向叶片来控制反推气流的流量和方向。反推出流模式描述了反推气流方向沿短舱周向的分布,需要满足反推效率、重吸入特性、有效出流面积等要求。文章开展典型翼吊布局民用飞机反推出流模式设计与验证。通... 详细信息

格栅式反推力装置通过改变格栅导向叶片来控制反推气流的流量和方向。反推出流模式描述了反推气流方向沿短舱周向的分布,需要满足反推效率、重吸入特性、有效出流面积等要求。文章开展典型翼吊布局民用飞机反推出流模式设计与验证。通过全机反推流动CFD数值模拟,分析反推气流行进轨迹以及作用因素,揭示反推气流重吸入流动机制,优化反推出流模式设计方案。通过风洞试验,验证反推出流模式设计方案在65 kn滑跑速度时无重吸入,同时确认CFD数值模拟方法能够准确预测反推重吸入速度边界以及进气道畸变位置,可用于全机反推出流模式设计与验证。

关键词：格栅反推力装置出流模式重吸入翼吊布局 CFD

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Screening,preparation,and prototyping of metal–organic frameworks for adsorptive carbon capture under humid conditions

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SusMat 2023年第5期3卷 609-638页

作者： Long Jiang Jinyuan Yong renyu Xie Pengfei Xie Xuejun zhang Zhijie Chen Zongbi Bao Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Institute of Refrigeration and CryogenicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina

Adsorption-based carbon capture has been recognized as an attractive method for mitigating global warming.Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)are promising candidate adsorbents for this purpose due to their high adsorption uptake and selectivity for carbon dioxide.However,in real-world applications,such as direct air capture,the presence of moisture in the feed gas may pose a grand challenge for CO_(2)adsorption in MOFs.This paper aims to address the issue of water–CO_(2)co-adsorption in MOFs and present screening criteria for selecting MOFs that preferentially adsorb CO_(2)under humid conditions.First,we uncover a comprehensive overview of CO_(2)–water co-adsorption characteristics of various MOFs.Then,the high-throughput screening methods are summarized.Both computational and experimental efforts have been dedicated to identify the promising MOFs for humid CO_(2)capture.According to the screening results and adsorption mechanism,the optimal preparation strategies are proposed tomodulate the effect of water on CO_(2)uptake in MOFs.Finally,current MOF-based CO_(2)capture prototypes are presented to evaluate their practical feasibility and performance.This work could offer valuable guidance for the development and application of MOFs for CO_(2)capture in the presence of water and inspire further research in this field.

关键词： carbon capture CO_(2)adsorption high-throughput screening MOFs

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