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A review of understanding electrocatalytic reactions in energy conversion and energy storage systems via scanning electrochemical microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 155-177页

作者： Jihye Park Jong Hwan lim Jin-Hyuk Kang Jiheon lim Ho Won Jang Hosun Shin Sun Hwa Park Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and ScienceDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Material Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Applied Measurement Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

To address climate change and promote environmental sustainability,electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems emerge as promising alternative to fossil fuels,catering to the escalating demand for *** optimal energy efficiency and cost competitiveness in these systems requires the strategic design of electrocatalysts,coupled with a thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms and degradation behavior occurring during the electrocatalysis *** electrochemical microscopy(SECM),an analytical technique for studying surface electrochemically,stands out as a powerful tool offering electrochemical *** possesses remarkable spatiotemporal resolution,enabling the visualization of the localized electrochemical activity and surface *** review compiles crucial research findings and recent breakthroughs in electrocatalytic processes utilizing the SECM methodology,specifically focusing on applications in electrolysis,fuel cells,and metal–oxygen batteries within the realm of energy conversion and storage *** with an overview of each energy system,the review introduces the fundamental principles of SECM,and aiming to provide new perspectives and broadening the scope of applied research by describing the major research categories within SECM.

关键词： Scanning electrochemical microscopy Electrocatalyst Electrocatalysis Water splitting Fuel cell Metal-oxygen battery

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LEUNIG_HOMOLOG and LEUNIG Regulate Seed Mucilage Extrusion in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第5期53卷 399-408页

作者： Minh Bui Nathan lim Paja Sijacic Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA

LEUNIG （LUG） and LEUNIG_HOMOLOG （LUH） encode two closely related Arabidopsis proteins, belonging to the Gro/TLE family of transcriptional co-repressors. These two genes were previously shown to exhibit partially overlapping functions in embryo and flower development. In this report, the role of both LUH and LUG on seed mucilage extrusion was examined. Seed mucilage extrusion occurs after the seeds are imbibed, serving as functional aid in seed hydration, germination, and dispersal. While luh-1 mutants exhibited strong defects in seed mucilage extrusion, lug-3 mutants exhibited a minor phenotype in mucilage extrusion. Further characterization indicates that luh-1 does not exhibit any obvious defect in seed epidermal cell differentiation, mucilage synthesis, or mucilage deposition, suggesting a specific role of LUH in mucilage extrusion. This seed mucilage phenotype of luh-1 is identical to that of mucilage modified 2 （mum2） mutants. MUM2 encodes a β-galactosidase required for the modification of the mucilage. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of RNA extracted from siliques detected a slight decrease of MUM2 mRNA in the luh-1 mutant compared to the wild type. Together, LUH and possibly LUG may specifically regulate mucilage extrusion by promoting the expression of genes required for mucilage maturation.

关键词： Genes Extrusion Mucilages Adhesives Transcription Exhibitions Lymphocytes Defects Phenotypes Dispersants

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GFAP promoter directs lacZ expression specifically in a rat hepatic stellate cell line

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 723-730页

作者： Gunter Maubach Michelle Chin Chia lim Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology 31 Biopolis WayThe Nanos#04-01138669Singapore.

AIM： The GFAP was traditionally considered to be a biomarker for neural gila （mainly astrocytes and nonmyelinating Schwann cells）. Genetically, a 2.2-kb human GFAP promoter has been successfully used to target astrocytes in vitro and in vivo. More recently, GFAP was also established as one of the several makers for identifying hepatic stellate cells （HSC）. In this project, possible application of the same 2.2-kb human GFAP promoter for targeting HSC was investigated. METHODS： The GFAP-lacZ transgene was transfected into various cell lines （HSC, hepatocyte, and other nonHSC cell types）. The transgene expression specificity was determined by X-gal staining of the β-galactosidase activity. And the responsiveness of the transgene was tested with a typical pro-fibrotic cytokine TGF-β1. The expression of endogenous GFAP gene was assessed by real-time RT-PCR, providing a reference for the transgene expression. RESULTS： The results demonstrated for the first time that the 2.2 kb hGFAP promoter was not only capable of directing HSC-specific expression, but also responding to a known pro-fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β1 by upregulation in a doseand time-dependent manner, similar to the endogenous GFAP. CONCLUSION： In conclusion, these findings suggested novel utilities for using the GFAP promoter to specifically manipulate HSC for therapeutic purpose.

关键词： Promoter Regions (Genetics) Animals Base Sequence Cell Line DNA, Recombinant Gene Expression Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Hepatocytes Humans Lac Operon RNA, Messenger Rats Transfection Transforming Growth Factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta1

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Diurnal Variation of Tropical Convection during TOGA COARE IOP

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2005年第5期22卷 685-702页

作者： Jae-Young BYON Gyu-Ho lim School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South KoreaSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

Diurnal variation of tropical convection and kinematic and thermodynamic conditions was investigated for different large-scale environments of the convectively active and inactive periods by using satellite observations and surface measurements during the Intensive Observation Period （IOP） of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment （TOGA/COARE）. During the convectively active period, the features of nocturnal convection appear in vertical profiles of convergence, vertical velocity, heat source, and moisture sink. The specific humidity increases remarkably in the middle troposphere at dawn. On the other hand, the altitude of maximum convergence and that of the upward motion is lower during the convectively inactive period. The specific humidity peaks in the lower troposphere in the daytime and decreases in the middle troposphere. Spectral analyses of the time series of the infrared （IR） brightness temperature （TBB） and amounts of rainfall suggest multiscale temporal variation with a prominent diurnal cycle over land and oceanic regions such as the Intensive Flux Array （IFA） and the South Pacific Convergence Zone （SPCZ）. Over land, the daily maximum of deep convection associated with cloud top temperature less than 208 K appears at midnight due to the daytime radiative heating and the sea-land breeze. Over the ocean, convection usually tends to occur at dawn for the convectively active period while in the afternoon during the inactive period. Comparing the diurnal variation of convection with large-scale variables, the authors inferred that moisture in the middle troposphere contributes mostly to the development of nocturnal convection over the ocean during the convectively active period.

关键词： diurnal variation tropical convection rainfall large-scale environment

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IPDDF:an improved precision dense descriptor based flow estimation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第1期5卷 49-54页

作者： Weiyong Eng Voonchet Koo Tiensze lim Faculty of Engineering and Technology Multimedia UniversityJalan Ayer Keroh Lama75450 MelakaMalaysia

Large displacement optical flow algorithms are generally categorised into descriptor-based matching and pixel-based ***-based approaches are robust to geometric variation,however they have inherent localisation precision limitation due to histogram *** work presents a novel method called improved precision dense descriptor flow(IPDDF).The authors introduce an additional pixel-based matching cost within an existing dense Daisy descriptor framework to improve the flow estimation ***-based features such as pixel colour and gradient are computed on top of the original descriptor in the authors’matching cost *** pixel-based cost only requires a light-weight pre-computation and can be adapted seamlessly into the matching cost *** framework is built based on the Daisy Filter Flow *** the framework,Daisy descriptor and a filter-based efficient flow inference technique,as well as a randomised fast patch match search algorithm,are *** the novel matching cost formulation,the framework enables efficiently solving dense correspondence field estimation in a high-dimensional search space,which includes scale and *** on various challenging image pairs demonstrate the proposed algorithm enhances flow estimation accuracy as well as generate a spatially coherent yet edge-aware flow field result efficiently.

关键词： estimation flow matching

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Response Surface Analysis of Crowd Dynamics during Tawaf

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第7期29卷 290-294页

作者： Zarita Zainuddin lim Eng Aik School of Mathematical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia Institut Matematik Kejuruteraan Universiti Malaysia Perlis02000 Kuala PerlisPerlisMalaysia

A refined cellular automata model is applied to simulate the crowd movement of Muslim pilgrims performing the Tawaf ritual within the Al-Haram Mosque in *** results from the simulation are obtained and the influence of the predictor variables of the evacuation process (pedestrian flow and Tawaf duration) on the responses (pedestrian density,average walking speed,and cumulative evacuee) is investigated using response surface methodology (RSM).The average results from the experiments with an rms error less than 0.5 are obtained from the *** performance indicates that the RSM possesses excellent predictive ability for the model evacuation study,because both the experimental and the predicted values agree well with the results obtained in this study.

关键词： automata refined performing

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Spectrum sensing using multiple dual polarization antennas for cognitive radio systems in microcell environments

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2013年第10期14卷 792-798页

作者： Yi-hu XU Myoung-Seob lim Division of Electronics & Information Engineering Chonbuk National University

Spectrum sensing with multiple antennas for cognitive radio systems in microcell environments is affected by the spatial correlation among multiple *** reduce the adverse effects of the spatial correlation on the spectrum sensing performance,we employ multiple dual polarization antennas at the sensing node of secondary *** analysis of the spatial correlation is derived using the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave based on the scattering patch model in a multipath microcell *** superiority of spectrum sensing with multiple dual polarized antennas over multiple mono-polarized antennas is shown by analyzing the false alarm and detection probabilities with the correlation among the antennas in a microcell environment.

关键词： Dual polarization Multiple antennas Spatial correlation Spectrum sensing Cognitive radio

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Intelligent Exit-Selection Behaviors during a Room Evacuation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第1期29卷 291-294页

A modified version of the existing cellular automata (CA) model is proposed to simulate an evacuation procedure in a classroom with and without *** on the numerous literature on the implementation of CA in modeling evacuation motions,it is notable that most of the published studies do not take into account the pedestrian's ability to select the exit route in their *** resolve these issues,we develop a CA model incorporating a probabilistic neural network for determining the decision-making ability of the pedestrians,and simulate an exit-selection phenomenon in the *** exit-selection behavior is observed in our *** the simulation results,it is observed that occupants tend to select the exit closest to them when the density is low,but if the density is high they will go to an alternative exit so as to avoid a long *** reflects the fact that occupants may not fully utilize multiple exits during *** improvement in our proposed model is valuable for further study and for upgrading the safety aspects of building designs.

关键词： Exit utilize automata

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Design and optimization of a cavity-backed spiral antenna for use in 6-12 GHz band

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第7期20卷 1838-1843页

作者： Gyoo-Soo Chae Joong-Soo lim Division of Information & Communication Engineering Baekseok University

The design and optimization of a self-complementary two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna backed by an absorptive cavity were presented. Parametric studies on the proposed antenna structure were carried out by using CST MWS. Simulation results show that the proper choice of spiral turns and cavity depth can miniaturize the dimensions of the cavity-backed spiral antenna presented here. According to simulation results, prototype antennas operating in the 6 12 GHz band are fabricated and the dimension of the proposed cavity-backed spiral antenna is 22 mm (diameter)×15 mm (height). The performance of the proposed antenna was measured and compared with the simulation results. It is shown that the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical predictions and the suggested antenna is good enough to adapt for various wideband applications.

关键词： cavity-backed spiral antenna miniaturization balanced structure wideband balun

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Probing the endoplasmic reticulummitochondria interaction in Alzheimer's disease:searching far and wide

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2103-2104页

作者： Giulia Dematteis Laura Tapella Dmitry lim Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universitàdel Piemonte Orientale“Amedeo Avogadro”NovaraItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most frequent,form of dementia in elderly people and is an incurable disease with an exponentially growing number of *** deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and intraneuronal formation o... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ reticulum

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