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Hepatic organ protection:From basic science to clinical practice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第48期16卷 6044-6045页

作者： rene Schmidt Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Freiburg University Medical Center

Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury during liver surgery is still the main cause of postoperative liver failure and the subsequent rise of mortality in these patients. During the last few years, a multitude of underlying mechanisms have been extensively characterized and many different protective approaches have been evaluated under experimental conditions. Some of them have already found their way into small sized clinical trials. In this Topic Highlight series of articles, we present recent insights into promising protective concepts including the regulation and optimization of hepatic blood flow, molecular mechanisms of preconditioning and pharmacological approaches with the aim of limiting hepatic I/R injury. Leading international experts present the latest experimental evidence in their fields stressing clinically relevant ideas, which are now on the edge of entering clinical practice.

关键词： Heme oxygenase-1 Hepatectomy Hepatic organ protection Ischemia/reperfusion injury Liver blood flow Liver transplantation Preconditioning

Do people communicate about their whereabouts? Investigating the relation between user-generated text messages and Foursquare check-in places

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第3期21卷 159-172页

作者： Ming Li rene Westerholt Alexander Zipf Institute of Geography Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

The social functionality of places(***,restaurant)partly determines human behaviors and reflects a region’s functional *** descriptions of places are thus valuable to a range of studies of humans and geographic *** their potential impacts on human verbalization behaviors,one possibility is to link the functions of places to verbal representations such as users’postings in location-based social networks(LBSNs).In this study,we examine whether the heterogeneous user-generated text snippets found in LBSNs reliably reflect the semantic concepts attached with check-in *** investigate Foursquare because its available categorization hierarchy provides rich a-priori semantic knowledge about its check-in places,which enables a reliable verification of the semantic concepts identified fromuser-generated text snippets.A latent semantic analysis is conducted on a large Foursquare check-in *** results confirm that attached text messages can represent semantic concepts by demonstrating their large correspondence to the official Foursquare venue *** further elaborate the representativeness of text messages,this work also performs an investigation on the textual terms to quantify their abilities of representing semantic concepts(i.e.,representativeness),and another investigation on semantic concepts to quantify how well they can be represented by text messages(i.e.,representability).The results shed light on featured terms with strong locational characteristics,as well as on distinctive semantic concepts with potentially strong impacts on human verbalizations.

关键词： Text mining latent semantic analysis semantic concepts Foursquare location-based social network(LBSN)

Nitrate removal from groundwater using chemically modified coconut husk based granular activated carbon:characterization of the adsorbent,kinetics and mechanism

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2023年第2期3卷 370-383页

作者： Solomon K.M.Huno Jewel Das Eric Dvan Hullebusch Ajit P.Annachhatre Eldon R.rene Pollution Prevention and Resource Recovery Chair Group Department of Water SupplySanitation and Environmental EngineeringIHE Delft Institute of Water EducationP.O.Box 30152601 DA DelftThe Netherlands Environmental Engineering and Management Department of EnvironmentEnergy and Climate ChangeSchool of EnvironmentResource and DevelopmentAsian Institute of Technology58 Moo 9Km.42Paholyothin HighwayP.O.Box 4Klong Luang 12120Pathum ThaniThailand National University of Ireland Galway University RoadGalway H91 TK33Ireland Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(BCSIR) BCSIR Laboratories ChattogramChattogram 4220Bangladesh Universite Paris Cite Institut de Physique du Globe de ParisCNRSF‑75005 ParisFrance School of Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MandiA4‑209MandiHimachal Pradesh 175001India

In this study,a highly porous chemically activated granular activated carbon(GAC)was prepared from coconut husk and tested as an adsorbent to remove nitrate from contaminated *** prepared GAC was characterized by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(TGA/DTA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface area(SBET)*** effects of various process parameters such as initial nitrate concentration,contact time and adsorbent dose on nitrate removal efficiency(response)by the modified GAC were investigated using the statistically significant response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design of *** experimental data were fitted to well-known adsorption isotherms and kinetic models to ascertain the mechanism of the adsorption *** of variance(ANOVA)was performed to determine the significance of the individual and the interactive effects of process variables on the *** BET surface area(SBET)and micropore volume of the prepared GAC from coconut husk was 1120 m^(2)/g and 0.392 cm^(3)/g,*** experimental results showed that physisorption was the main adsorption mechanism governing the process,while the rate of adsorption was limited at initial nitrate concentrations>10 mg/*** Langmuir mono-layer adsorption isotherm best fitted the experimental data with a maximum adsorption capacity of 6.0±1.3 mg/g(~92.5%)with an adsorbent dose of 0.1 g/50 mL,an equilibrium time of 6 h at 28±2℃,and at pH 7.6(±0.2).Among the tested process variables,the adsorbent dose and initial nitrate concentration showed significant effects on the nitrate removal efficiency.

关键词： Nitrate adsorption Groundwater Granular activated carbon Response surface methodology(RSM) Box-Behnken Coconut Husk

Taking advantage of drug resistance, a new approach in the war on cancer

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第4期12卷 490-495页

作者： Liqin Wang rene Bernards Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis Oncode Institute The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands

Identification of the driver mutations in cancer has resulted in the development of a new category of molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs. However, as was the case with conventional chemotherapies, the effectiveness of these drugs is limited by the emergence of drug-resistant variants. While most cancer therapies are given in combinations that are designed to avoid drug resistance, we discuss here therapeutic approaches that take advantage of the changes in cancer cells that arise upon development of drug resistance. This approach is based on notion that drug resistance comes at a fitness cost to the cancer cell that can be exploited for therapeutic benefit. We discuss the development of sequential drug therapies in which the first therapy is not given with curative intent, but to induce a major new sensitivity that can be targeted with a second drug that selectively targets the acquired vulnerability. This concept of collateral sensitivity has hitherto not been used on a large scale in the clinic and holds great promise for future cancer therapy.

关键词： cancer drug resistance genetic screens senescence targeted therapy

A Roadmap toward Engineered Nitrogen-Fixing Nodule Symbiosis

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Plant Communications 2020年第1期1卷 131-146页

作者： Rik Huisman rene Geurts Wageningen University Department of Plant SciencesLaboratory of Molecular BiologyDroevendaalsesteeg 1Wageningen 6708PBThe Netherlands

In the late 19th century,it was discovered that legumes can establish a root nodule endosymbiosis with nitrogen-fixing *** after,the question was raised whether it is possible to transfer this trait to non-leguminous *** the past century,an ever-increasing amount of knowledge provided unique insights into the cellular,molecular,and genetic processes controlling this *** addition,recent phylogenomic studies uncovered several genes that evolved to function specifically to control nodule formation and bacterial ***,despite this massive body of knowledge,the long-standing objective to engineer the nitrogen-fixing nodulation trait on nonleguminous crop plants has not been achieved *** this review,the unsolved questions and engineering strategies toward nitrogen-fixing nodulation in non-legume plants are discussed and highlighted.

关键词： nodulation legumes actinorhizal plants Parasponia engineering nitrogen fixation

Metabolic and Renal Protective Benefits of Magnesium Supplementation in the Long-Term Management of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第2期13卷 163-177页

作者： Richard Evers Katholi Marcella rene Ervin Prairie Educational and Research Cooperative Department of Pharmacology Southern Illinois School of Medicine Springfield USA Prairie Educational and Research Cooperative Springfield USA

Magnesium deficiency is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). When adequate magnesium supplementation is chronically given, patients with type 2 DM appear to have improved glucose control and may have delayed chronic complications. In addition, magnesium supplementation may slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and decrease the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with type 2 DM. Keeping serum magnesium at 2.0 mEq/L or greater appears to accomplish these benefits for patients with type 2 DM. Periodically measuring serum magnesium and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) allows a physician to adjust the supplemental magnesium dose to accomplish these therapeutic goals while avoiding hypermagnesemia.

关键词： Hypomagnesemia Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Renal Function SGLT2 Inhibitors Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Alternative approaches for estimating missing climate data:application to monthly precipitation records in South- Central Chile

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 390-399页

作者： Alonso Barrios Guillermo Trincado rene Garreaud Escuela de Graduados Facultad de Ctencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales Universidad Austral de ChileBox 567ValdiviaChile Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Facuitad de Ingenieria ForestalUnlversidad del Tolima Box 6299 Ibague Colombia Instituto de Bosques y Sociedad Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Austraide ChileBox 567 ValdiviaChile Departamento de Geofistca Facultad de Ciencias Fisicas y MatematicasUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile

Background: Over the last decades interest has grown on how climate change impacts forest resources. However,one of the main constraints is that meteorological stations are riddled with missing climatic data. This study compared five approaches for estimating monthly precipitation records: inverse distance weighting(IDW), a modification of IDW that includes elevation differences between target and neighboring stations(IDW_m), correlation coefficient weighting(CCW), multiple linear regression(MLR) and artificial neural networks(ANN).Methods: A complete series of monthly precipitation records(1995-2012) from twenty meteorological stations located in central Chile were used. Two target stations were selected and their neighboring stations, located within a radius of25 km(3 stations) and 50 km(9 stations), were identified. Cross-validation was used for evaluating the accuracy of the estimation approaches. The performance and predictive capability of the approaches were evaluated using the ratio of the root mean square error to the standard deviation of measured data(RSR), the percent bias(PBIAS), and the NashSutcliffe efficiency(NSE). For testing the main and interactive effects of the radius of influence and estimation approaches,a two-level factorial design considering the target station as the blocking factor was ***: ANN and MLR showed the best statistics for all the stations and radius of influence. However, these approaches were not significantly different with IDW_m. Inclusion of elevation differences into IDW significantly improved IDW_m estimates. In terms of precision, similar estimates were obtained when applying ANN, MLR or IDW_m, and the radius of influence had a significant influence on their estimates, we conclude that estimates based on nine neighboring stations located within a radius of 50 km are needed for completing missing monthly precipitation data in regions with complex ***: It is concluded that approaches based on ANN

关键词： Climatological data Cross-validation Artificial neural networks Multiple linear regression

Removal and recovery of nutrients and value‑added products from wastewater:technological options and practical perspective

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第1期2卷 67-90页

作者： Rajesh K.Srivastava Ramyakrishna Pothu Cesar Pasaran Sanchez Torsha Goswami Sudip Mitra Eldon R.rene Sruthy Vineed Nedungadi Department of Biotechnology Gitam Institute of Technology and Management(GITAM)VisakhapatnamAndhra Pradesh 530045India College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082People’s Republic of China Department of Water Supply Sanitary and Environmental EngineeringIHE Delft Institute for Water EducationWestvest 72601DA DelftThe Netherlands Agro-Ecotechnology Laboratory School of Agro and Rural TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Guwahati(IITG)GuwahatiAssam 781039India

Wastewaters from various process industries,namely food and agricultural,sugar mill,brewery,milk,vegetable and fruit,and meat and fsheries processing industries and their wastewater efuents contain nutrients,organic matter,inorganic,heavy metals,suspended solids,and *** discharges of non-treated wastewater enter the nearby aquatic ecosystem(e.g.,lakes,rivers)and are a signifcant concern due to the presence of diferent nutrients,competing ions and C containing *** causes excessive growth of algae,loss of habitat/species,and other negative impacts on human health/*** the present review,diferent treatment approaches have been discussed in utilizing these nutrients to synthesize value-added products such as biopolymer,biofuel,pigment,organic acid,or *** biopolymers can be used to prepare various food products/packaging ***,chitosan,carrageenan,alginate,and pectin are good examples of non-food *** these products,poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB)synthesis from wastewater nutrients is reported as a new source of bio-nanocomposite materials/biopolymer-based *** this review,the diferent treatment approaches are discussed,which are being used worldwide for the removal/recovery of nutrients,toxic pollutants,and the potential resource recovery of value-added products from wastewater.

关键词： Biopolymers Nutrient resources Value-added products Resource recovery Wastewater

Influence of the Iron Anisothermal Sintering on the Characteristic of the Hollow Cathode Discharge

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 83-87页

作者： BRUNATTO Silvio Francisco MUZART Joel Louis rene Department of Mechanical Engineering UFPR 81531-990 Curitiba-PR BrazilDepartment of Mechanical Engineering UFSC 88040-900 Florianopolis-SC Brazil

This work studies the influence of anisothermal iron sintering process on hollow cathode discharge characteristics. Two independent cathodes form an annular discharge. The pressed cylindrical iron powder sample, acting as central cathode, was placed concentrically in the interior of an external cathode. The external cathode, machined from an AISI 310 steel bar, besides acting to confine the geometry of the plasma, can also acts as a source of alloying elements. The sample heating is a function of the ion bombardment energy and, so, of the discharge electrical parameters: current (or current density) and the effective potential applied to the cathode. Successive anisothermal sintering is performed in a same sample until the reproducibility of the electrical parameters being obtained. The heating experiments up to 1250 °C, in a gas mixture of 80% Ar + 20% H2, at pressure of 133 Pa, at flow of 2xlO"6 mV, with an inter-cathode radial space of 5.8 mm, were carried out. It was verified the metallurgical evolution of the iron sample sintering process influences the current-?0n (time switched-on of the pulse) characteristics of the discharge.

关键词：空心阴极放电等离子体焊结烧结铁溅射非等温焙烧