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Cyclosporine-Associated Nephrotoxicity

Open Journal of Nephrology 2013年第3期3卷 168-180页

作者： Maria Delia Colombo renata perego Gilberto Bellia Department of Dermatology Marchesi Hospital Inzago (MI) Italy Novartis Farma S.p.A. Origgio (VA) Italy

Cyclosporine (CsA) has revolutionized transplant medicine and is currently one of the most important immunosuppressive agents for a wide range of organ transplantations and of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, uveitis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. Renal impairment represents the main limitation to CsA long-term continuous therapy. However, it has been shown that nephrotoxicity is associated with longer treatment duration, larger cumulative doses and higher daily dose of CsA. With low dose regimens (<5 mg/kg/day), stable serum creatinine levels have been observed up to 15-20 years after kidney transplantation. Intermittent therapy may offer a good therapeutic strategy to limit long-term renal dysfunction, given the fact that renal structural changes are dose- and time-dependent. The best predictor of permanent renal damage is a persistent increase in serum creatinine level one month after treatment withdrawal. In patients with autoimmune diseases, the percentage increase in serum creatinine above baseline value during CsA therapy has been shown to predict CsA-induced nephropathy. Before CsA therapy initiation, patients should undergo a thorough baseline evaluation including laboratory assessments, in particular electrolytes, serum creatinine, and urea levels. Furthermore, patients should be evaluated for factors that might increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, such as obesity, older age, hypertension, concomitant use of nephrotoxic drugs, and pre-existing renal conditions. In the present paper, CsA-induced nephropathy will be reviewed in terms of pathophysiology, pathologic and clinical findings, and strategies for prevention and management.

关键词： Cyclosporine Nephrotoxicity Immunosuppression Transplant Creatinine

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Oil-in-water nanoemulsions loaded with lycopene extracts encapsulated by spray drying:Formulation,characterization and optimization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 73-81页

作者： Junyang Li Roberta Campardelli Giuseppe Firpo Jingtao Zhang Patrizia perego Department of Civil Chemical and Environmental Engineering(DICCA)University of GenoaVia Opera Pia 15Genova 16145Italy Department of Physics University of GenoaVia Dodecaneso 32Genova 16146Italy School of Food and Bioengineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China

Lycopene is very susceptible to degradation once released from the protective chromoplast *** this study,oil-in-water(O/W)nanoemulsions coupled with spray drying technology were applied for the encapsulation and stabilization of lycopene extracted from tomato *** extract was obtained by ultrasound-assisted *** were prepared by a high-speed rotor stator using isopropyl myristate as the oil phase and Pluronic F-127 as the emulsifier for the aqueous external *** effect of emulsification process parameters was *** drying of the produced emulsions was attempted to obtain a stabilized dry powder after the addition of a coating *** effect of different coating agents(maltodextrin,inulin,gum arabic,pectin,whey and polyvinylpyrrolidone),drying temperature(120-170℃),and feed flow rate(3-9 ml·min^(-1))on the obtained particles was *** revealed that the emulsion formulation of 20/80(O/W)with 1.5%(mass fraction)of Pluronic F-127 as stabilizer in the aqueous phase resulted in a stable nanoemulsion with droplet sizes in the range of 259-276 nm with a unimodal and sharp size *** extract in the nanoemulsion was well protected at room temperature with a degradation rate of lycopene of about 50%during a month of storage *** most stable emulsions were then processed by spray drying to obtain a dry *** drying was particularly successful when using maltodextrin as a coating agent,obtaining dried spherical particles with mean diameters of(4.87±0.17)μm with a smooth *** possibility of dissolving the spray dried powder in order to *** original emulsion was also successfully verified.

关键词： Emulsions Powders Stability Isopropyl myristate Lycopene Spray-drying

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Tackling cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer: what can we do?

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第4期4卷 755-757页

作者： Paola perego Molecular Pharmacology Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological DevelopmentFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilan 20133Italy

Ovarian cancer is a complex disease mainly consisting of epithelial cancer which comprises various histological *** most frequent one is high-grade serous ovarian *** prognosis of this disease is poor because most women are diagnosed with advanced *** many patients respond to first-line Pt-based therapy,the development of resistance limits the efficacy of *** therapeutic strategies to improve the efficacy of ovarian carcinoma treatment are emerging from both basic and translational research *** this Special Issue,approaches to improve the armamentarium to fight ovarian carcinoma are presented,thereby providing an overview of selected aspects of ovarian cancer biology that can be exploited to improve *** this context,a re-evaluation and optimization of already tested strategies such as intra-peritoneal therapy together with a deep investigation of the recently acquired knowledge on factors(e.g.,E3 ubiquitin ligases)and features[Cancer Stem Cells(CSCs)]contributing to drug resistance may provide useful insights to tackle cisplatin resistance.

关键词： cisplatin cancer resistance

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Gain through losses in nonlinear optics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 641-651页

作者： Auro M.perego Sergei K.Turitsyn Kestutis Staliunas Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUK Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090Russia InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaRambla Sant Nebridi 2208222 TerrassaBarcelonaSpain

Instabilities of uniform states are ubiquitous processes occurring in a variety of spatially extended nonlinear *** instabilities are at the heart of symmetry breaking,condensate dynamics,self-organisation,pattern formation,and noise amplification across diverse disciplines,including physics,chemistry,engineering,and *** nonlinear optics,modulation instabilities are generally linked to the so-called parametric amplification process,which occurs when certain phase-matching or quasi-phase-matching conditions are *** the present review article,we summarise the principle results on modulation instabilities and parametric amplification in nonlinear optics,with special emphasis on optical *** then review state-of-the-art research about a peculiar class of modulation instabilities(MIs)and signal amplification processes induced by dissipation in nonlinear optical *** applied to certain parts of the spectrum counterintuitively lead to the exponential growth of the damped mode themselves,causing gain through *** discuss the concept of imaging of losses into gain,showing how to map a given spectral loss profile into a gain *** demonstrate with concrete examples that dissipation-induced MI,apart from being of fundamental theoretical interest,may pave the way towards the design of a new class of tuneable fibre-based optical amplifiers,optical parametric oscillators,frequency comb sources,and pulsed lasers.

关键词： nonlinear optics parametric

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Quality-Oriented Facade Systems： Initial Investments vs. Global Cost Approach

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第4期10卷 483-491页

作者： Rachele perego School of Architecture Urban Planning Construction Engineering Politecnico di Milano Milano (MI) 20133 Italia

An analysis applied to an existing building considering the whole service life, regulated or, if any, measured, of energy/technological upgrading action does not only require initial investments to be taken into account. Of course, such investments are significant and will have to be considered at a first stage, but it is not the only aspect to be considered. Provisions of Construction Procurement Guidance, No.7 Whole Life Costs state：＂All procurement must be made solely on the basis of value for money in terms of the optimum combination of global costs--and not only initial investment costs--and quality to meet the user＇s requirements＂.

关键词： Facade system initial investments global cost approach quality convenience.

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Quality-Oriented Facade Systems： Technical Data Referred to Maintenance Phase and Residual Value

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第12期8卷 1506-1517页

作者： Rachele perego School of Architectural Engineering Politecnico di Milano Milan 20133 Italy

Nowadays, clients require solutions that are efficient during the service life as a whole. In this view, maintenance has functional value and greatly contributes to increasing quality in environments. With reference to maintenance phase and residual value of building products upon dismantling, the present manuscript investigates a set of technological packages of quality and technical value referred to two alternative facade systems available for recovery actions on Italian council buildings--the ETICS （external thermal insulation composite system） and the external cladding system--complying with one thermal-insulation strategy, but different in terms of service life duration. Preservation of technical value and value increases are strictly related to maintenance quality and efficiency. Volume of investments in maintenance is not the only parameter to be considered to assess facade-system-management quality. Time-accurate economic assessment requires the entity to be related to periodical checks on performance quality in the building system and in its parts. Effective technical data to draw up consistent estimates and appraisals are rarely available in literature. With all that stated above, the present manuscript aims at introducing technical data related to drawing up reliable cost estimates and effective appraisals in terms of economics, quality and environmental sustainability. Conclusions will be drawn from the end of the manuscript.

关键词： Facade system service life maintenance services residual value future cost estimate quality sustainability.

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A Set of GRASS GIS-Based Shell Scripts for the Calculation and Graphical Display of the Main Morphometric Parameters of a River Channel

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第2期7卷 135-143页

作者： Aldo Clerici Susanna perego Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra “M. Melloni” University of Parma Parma Italy

For the analysis of river evolution, the use of quantitative parameters can be quite useful in order to assess changes in the channel planform. Among the several parameters proposed by different authors in a number of papers, channel length and width, braiding and sinuosity indexes, and channel lateral shifting are proved to be the most effective ones for a quantitative analysis of river changes. However, the calculation of these parameters is time-consuming, tedious and error-prone, even where made in a GIS environment. This work describes four shell scripts that perform fast and automatic calculation of the morphometric parameters and draw curves showing the variation of the calculated parameters along the entire channel development. The scripts are based on commands of the GRASS GIS free and open source software and, as input, they require a simple vector map containing the essential features of a river channel, i.e. bankfull channel limits and longitudinal and lateral bars.

关键词： GRASS GIS Shell Script River Morphometry

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Allograft artery mycotic aneurysm after kidney transplantation: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第5期8卷 912-921页

作者： Marco Bindi Mariano Ferraresso Maria Letizia De Simeis Nicholas Raison Laura Clementoni Serena Delbue Marta perego Evaldo Favi Renal Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of MilanMilan 20122Italy MRC Centre for Transplantation King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20100Italy

BACKGROUND Allograft artery mycotic aneurysm(MA)represents a rare but life-threatening complication of kidney *** is widely considered the safest *** to the rarity of the disease and the substantial risk of fatal consequences,experience with conservative strategies is *** date,only a few reports on surgical repair have been *** describe a case of true MA successfully managed by aneurysm resection and arterial *** SUMMARY An 18-year-old gentleman,on post-operative day 70 after deceased donor kidney transplantation,presented with malaise,low urinary output,and worsening renal *** organ preservation fluid cultures,collected at the time of surgery,were positive for Candida *** ultrasound and contrastenhanced computer tomography showed a 4-cm-sized,saccular aneurysm of the iuxta-anastomotic segment of the allograft artery,suspicious for *** lesion was wide-necked and extended to the distal bifurcation of the main arterial branch,thus preventing endovascular stenting and *** multidisciplinary discussion,the patient underwent surgical exploration,aneurysm excision,and re-anastomosis between the stump of the allograft artery and the internal iliac *** procedure was *** and microbiology evaluation of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of MA caused by Candida *** years after the operation,the patient is doing very well with excellent allograft function and no signs of recurrent *** Surgical repair represents a feasible option in carefully selected patients with allograft artery ***-fungal prophylaxis is advised when preservation fluid cultures are positive.

关键词： Aneurysm Candida Kidney transplant Infection Complication Case report

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Assessing the response of human primary macrophages to defined fibrous architectures fabricated by melt electrowriting

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 209-222页

作者： Carlotta Mondadori Amit Chandrakar Silvia Lopa Paul Wieringa Giuseppe Tal`o Silvia perego Giovanni Lombardi Alessandra Colombini Matteo Moretti Lorenzo Moroni IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryMilanItaly Complex Tissue Regeneration Department MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastrichtthe Netherlands IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMilanItaly Department of Athletics Strength and ConditioningPozna´n University of Physical EducationPozna´nPoland IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Orthopaedic Biotechnology LabMilanItaly Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab Ente Ospedaliero CantonaleBellinzonaSwitzerland Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department of SurgeryEnte Ospedaliero CantonaleLuganoSwitzerland Euler Institute Faculty of Biomedical SciencesUniversit`a della Svizzera ItalianaLuganoSwitzerland

The dual role of macrophages in the healing process depends on macrophage ability to polarize into phenotypes that can propagate inflammation or exert anti-inflammatory and tissue-remodeling *** scaf-fold geometry has been proposed as a strategy to influence macrophage behavior and favor the positive host response to ***,we fabricated Polycaprolactone(PCL)scaffolds by Melt Electrowriting(MEW)to investigate the ability of scaffold architecture to modulate macrophage *** human macrophages unpolarized(M0)or polarized into M1,M2a,and M2c phenotypes were cultured on PCL films and MEW scaffolds with pore geometries(square,triangle,and rhombus grid)characterized by different angles.M0,M2a,and M2c macrophages wrapped along the fibers,while M1 macrophages formed clusters with rounded *** bridges were formed only for angles up to 90◦.No relevant differences were found among PCL films and 3D scaffolds in terms of surface ***206 and CD163 were highly expressed by M2a and M2c macrophages,with M2a macrophages presenting also high levels of CD86.M1 macrophages expressed moderate levels of all *** rhombus architecture promoted an increased release by M2a macrophages of IL10,IL13,and sCD163 compared to PCL *** proangiogenic factor IL18 was also upregulated by the rhombus configuration in M0 and M2a macrophages compared to PCL *** interesting findings obtained for the rhombus architecture represent a starting point for the design of scaffolds able to modulate macrophage phenotype,prompting investigations addressed to verify their ability to facilitate the healing process in vivo.

关键词： Macrophage Melt electrowriting Additive manufacturing Scaffold design Scaffold geometry

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Systematic review of ablative therapy for the treatment of renal allograft neoplasms

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第17期7卷 2487-2504页

作者： Evaldo Favi Nicholas Raison Federico Ambrogi Serena Delbue Maria Chiara Clementi Luca Lamperti Marta perego Matteo Bischeri Mariano Ferraresso Renal Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilan 20122Italy MRC Centre for Transplantation King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of MilanMilan 20122Italy Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20100Italy

BACKGROUND To date,there are no guidelines on the treatment of solid neoplasms in the transplanted ***,allograft nephrectomy has been considered the only reasonable *** recently,nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) and ablative therapy (AT) have been proposed as alternative procedures in selected *** To review outcomes of AT for the treatment of renal allograft *** We conducted a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2009 *** was searched in March 2019 without time restrictions for all papers reporting on radiofrequency ablation (RFA),cryoablation (CA),microwave ablation (MWA),high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU),and irreversible electroporation (IRE) of solid tumours of the kidney *** original manuscripts describing actual cases and edited in English were *** relevant articles were accessed in full *** searches included all pertinent *** studies were also assessed for methodological quality using a tool based on a modification of the Newcastle Ottawa *** on recipient characteristics,transplant characteristics,disease characteristics,treatment protocols,and treatment outcomes were extracted and *** the nature and the quality of the studies available (mostly retrospective case reports and small retrospective uncontrolled case series),a descriptive summary was *** Twenty-eight relevant studies were selected describing a total of 100 AT procedures in 92 *** age at diagnosis ranged from 21 to 71 years whereas time from transplant to diagnosis ranged from 0.1 to 312 *** of the neoplasms were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during imaging carried out for screening purposes or for other clinical *** diagnostic modality was Doppler-ultrasound scan followed by computed tomography scan,and magnetic resonance *** tumour types were: pa

关键词： Ablative therapy Cryoablation Radiofrequency ablation Microwave ablation High-intensity focused ultrasonography Irreversible electroporation Neoplasm Kidney transplant Renal allograft Systematic review

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