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Mapping aboveground biomass and its prediction uncertainty using LiDAR and field data, accounting for tree-level allometric and LiDAR model errors

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 562-578页

作者： Svetlana Saarela AndréWästlund Emma holmström Alex Appiah Mensah Sören holm Mats Nilsson Jonas Fridman Göran Ståhl Faculty of Forest Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSLU Skogsmarksgränd 17UmeåSE-90183Sweden

Background: The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has recently challenged the traditional way of performing forest inventories, and induced an interest in model-based inference. Like traditional design-based inference, model-based inference allows for regional estimates of totals and means, but in addition for wall-to-wall mapping of forest characteristics. Recently Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-based maps of forest attributes have been developed in many countries and been well received by users due to their accurate spatial representation of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such mapping and model-based inference is seldom appreciated. In this study we applied hierarchical model-based inference to produce aboveground biomass maps as well as maps of the corresponding prediction uncertainties with the same spatial resolution. Further, an estimator of mean biomass at regional level, and its uncertainty, was developed to demonstrate how mapping and regional level assessment can be combined within the framework of model-based ***: Through a new version of hierarchical model-based estimation, allowing models to be nonlinear, we accounted for uncertainties in both the individual tree-level biomass models and the models linking plot level biomass predictions with LiDAR metrics. In a 5005 km2 large study area in south-central Sweden the predicted aboveground biomass at the level of 18 m×18 m map units was found to range between 9 and 447 Mg·ha^-1. The corresponding root mean square errors ranged between 10 and 162 Mg·ha^-1. For the entire study region, the mean aboveground biomass was 55 Mg·ha^-1 and the corresponding relative root mean square error 8%. At this level 75%of the mean square error was due to the uncertainty associated with tree-level ***: Through the proposed method it is possible to link mapping and estimation within the framework of model-based inference. Uncertainties in both tree-level bio

关键词： Aboveground biomass assessment Forest mapping Gauss-Newton Regression Hierarchical Model-Based inference LiDAR maps National Forest Inventory Uncertainty estimation Uncertainty map

关于医生协助死亡的争论:医学伦理学无与伦比进步的40年?

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中国医学伦理学 2017年第2期30卷 262-263页

作者：关健北京协和医学院/中国医学科学院北京协和医院

[引言]本期争鸣中谈及了一个伦理学的高频词“尊严”。正如讨论中所言，对于尊严，虽历经长期的讨论，但终无定论。编者试图寻找针对尊严问题的国外同行的声音，遍寻不得。从争鸣的讨论内容中，相信每个人都会重新理解尊严，并收获不同... 详细信息

[引言]本期争鸣中谈及了一个伦理学的高频词“尊严”。正如讨论中所言，对于尊严，虽历经长期的讨论，但终无定论。编者试图寻找针对尊严问题的国外同行的声音，遍寻不得。从争鸣的讨论内容中，相信每个人都会重新理解尊严，并收获不同的信息。

关键词：医学伦理学协助死亡医生讨论内容尊严

去势难治性前列腺癌骨转移患者223Ra治疗间隔延长对疗效的影响

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中华核医学与分子影像杂志 2018年第7期38卷 515-516页

作者：唐军 Marie ?bro Fosbφl Peter Meidahl Petersen Gedske Daugaard Sφren holm ANDreas Kjaer Jann Mortensen 上海交通大学医学院附属苏州九龙医院核医学科 Department of Clinical Physiology Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular ImagingRigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen

目的二氯化镭(223Ra)是获批用于治疗去势难治性前列腺癌（mCRPC）骨转移的发射α粒子的亲骨性放射性药物。2014年秋天,由于生产上的原因,全球223Ra缺供了2个月。该研究分析非疾病原因造成的223Ra治疗间隔延长对疗效是否有负面影响。方... 详细信息

目的二氯化镭(223Ra)是获批用于治疗去势难治性前列腺癌（mCRPC）骨转移的发射α粒子的亲骨性放射性药物。2014年秋天,由于生产上的原因,全球223Ra缺供了2个月。该研究分析非疾病原因造成的223Ra治疗间隔延长对疗效是否有负面影响。方法单中心回顾性分析了2014年3月至2015年2月间开始行223Ra治疗的mCRPC患者。记录并计算各患者的疗程数、总生存时间（OS）和放射影像学无进展生存时间（rPFS）。首次治疗前和第3次、第6次治疗后患者行骨显像、胸腹部CT、血常规检查及前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、碱性磷酸酶测定。随访期为首次223Ra治疗后18个月。结果共50例接受223Ra治疗的mCRPC患者,其中17例（34%）因供货原因治疗间隔延长,中位延长时间为4周（范围3～9周）。治疗间隔延长患者的rPFS也显著增加[rPFS为7.1（95%CI:4.9-9.3）个月],治疗间隔未延长患者的rPFS为4.5（95%CI:2.8～6.3）个月。完成的疗程数或OS间未见明显差异。结论因非疾病相关原因造成的223Ra治疗间隔的延长对OS、rPFS或完成的疗程数均无负面影响。

关键词： 223Ra 前列腺癌骨转移放射性核素治疗

The tensor embedding for a Grothendieck cosmos

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Science China Mathematics 2023年第11期66卷 2471-2494页

作者： Henrik holm Sinem Odabasi Department of Mathematical Sciences University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 02100Denmark Instituto de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia 5090000Chile

While the Yoneda embedding and its generalizations have been studied extensively in the literature,the so-called tensor embedding has only received a little *** this paper,we study the tensor embedding for closed symmetric monoidal categories and show how it is connected to the notion of geometrically purity,which has recently been investigated in the works of Enochs et al.(2016)and Estrada et al.(2017).More precisely,for a Grothendieck cosmos,i.e.,a bicomplete Grothendieck category V with a closed symmetric monoidal structure,we prove that the geometrically pure exact category(V,ε■)has enough relative injectives;in fact,every object has a geometrically pure injective *** also show that for some regular cardinalλ,the tensor embedding yields an exact equivalence between(V,ε■)and the category ofλ-cocontinuous V-functors from Presλ(V)to V,where the former is the full V-subcategory ofλ-presentable objects in *** many cases of interest,λcan be chosen to be■0 and the tensor embedding identifies the geometrically pure injective objects in V with the(categorically)injective objects in the abelian category of V-functors from fp(V)to *** we explain,the developed theory applies,e.g.,to the category Ch(R)of chain complexes of modules over a commutative ring R and to the category Qcoh(X)of quasi-coherent sheaves over a(suitably nice)scheme X.

关键词： enriched functor exact category (pre)envelope (pure)injective object purity symmetric monoidal category tensor embedding Yoneda embedding

On the Performance of Active Analog Self-Interference Cancellation Techniques for Beyond 5G Systems

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China Communications 2021年第10期18卷 158-168页

作者： Haifeng Luo Mark holm Tharmalingam Ratnarajah Institute for Digital Communications School of EngineeringThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Huawei Technologies(Sweden)AB GothenburgSweden

The in-band full-duplex(IBFD)mechanism is of interest in beyond 5 G systems due to its potential to enhance spectral efficiency and reduce *** achieve the maximum gain of IBFD systems,the significant self-interference(SI)must be efficiently *** challenges of wideband selfinterference cancellation(SIC)lie in the radio frequency(RF)domain,where the performance will be limited by the *** paper reviews current RF cancellation mechanisms and investigates an efficient mechanism for future wideband systems with minimum *** working principle and implementation details of multi-tap cancellers are first introduced,then an optical domain-based RF canceller is reviewed,and a novel low-cost design is *** minimize the cost and complexity of the canceller,the minimum required number of taps are *** results show that with the commonly used 12-bits analog-to-digital converter(ADC)at the receiver,the novel optical domain-based canceller can enable efficient SIC in the 3 GPP LTE specifications compatible system within 400 MHz bandwidth.

关键词： full-duplex beyond 5G system self-interference cancellation optical domain-based canceller

State Modelling and Simultaneous Control of Discrete Part Manufacturing Product Transformation Processes and Resource Allocation

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 251-252页

作者： Hans holm Department of Production

As competition in the market for discrete part prod uc ts gets harder and harder the requirements for extreme manufacturing operati on efficiencies get increasingly accentuated. Therefore requirements for well behaved manufacturing operation control get more and more significant. The purpose of the paper is to establish a framework for development of formal m ethods for design of systems for simultaneous control of continuous manufacturin g task processes and resource allocation of discrete part manufacturing. In the paper states which are needed for feedback control of continuous manufact uring task processes are defined and an example is presented. States which are necessary for feedback control of distribution of manufacturing resources are defined. The definition is based on the states defined for feedba ck control of the continuous processes of discrete part manufacturing tasks. An exemple is presented. Based on use of the state variables two types of equations are described, the pu rpose of which it is to represent the constraints to which control of the manufa cturing system is subject. Characteristic instances of the equations are presen ted. Methods for design of systems which can control continuous tasks are presented. Methods for design of systems which can control resource allocation are presente d. Methods for design of systems which can simultaneously control continuous tas k processes and resource allocation as the resource allocation is subject to con tinuos task execution constraints are presented.

关键词： Transformation allocation competition simultaneous behaved extreme formal constraints execution

Moisture Absorption, Mass Loss and Evaporative Resistance of Clothing in Transient Condition

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2006年第5期23卷 54-58页

作者： Chuansi Gao Ingvar holmr The Thermal Environment Laboratory Division of Ergonomics Department of Design Sciences Faculty of Engineering Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden

The water vapour resistance of clothing ensembles is not as commonly determined as dry thermal insulation. The measurement techniques are more complicated and the measurement values differ among laboratories. Due to complicated moisture transfer process through clothing ensemble, the moisture absorbed and evaporated varies in transient and steady state phases depending on properties, thickness of clothing, and environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to measure moisture gain inside hygroscopic underwear, and hydrophobic and permeable outer wear as a function of time, to investigate mass loss from ＂skin＂ as well as from the manikin, to quantify evaporative heat loss and total heat loss from the manikin, and to determine water vaponr resistance of clothing. Manikin Tore was used by wearing wet ＂skin＂ to simulate sweating condition. Moisture content in the inner garment gain shows an exponential relation against time. Moisture in the outer permeable layer shows little gain. On the contrary, mass loss directly from the wet skin decreases exponentially. The mass loss from the manikin is relatively stable throughout three test phases. The evaporative heat loss is about 2/3 of the total heat loss from the sweating manikin. While measuring the evaporative resistance of clothing ensembles with hygroscopic inner garment and permeable outer garment, unlike to measure ensembles with impermeable outer layer, one hour measurement time is enough to get relatively stable results. The variation between the 1^rt hour and the 3^nd hour is less than 5%. The length of transient period and measurement time is dependent on the permeability, thickness of clothing ensembles and environmental conditions.

关键词： moisture absorption mass loss evaporative resistance transient condition clothing ensemble.

Quantitative analysis of Arctic ice flow acceleration with increasing temperature

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第1期40卷 22-32页

作者： Zemin Wang Boya Yan Songtao Ai Kim holmén Jiachun An Hongmei Ma Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Norwegian Polar Institute Longyearbyen 9170Norway Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China

This study explores the ice flow acceleration(21.1%)of Pedersenbreen during 2016–2017 after the extremely warm winter throughout the whole Arctic in 2015/2016 using in situ data and quantitatively analyses the factors contributing to this *** data sets,including 2008–2018 air temperature data from Ny-?lesund,ten-year in situ GPS measurements and Elmer/Ice ice flow modelling under different ice temperature scenarios,suggest that the following factors contributed to the ice flow acceleration:the softened glacier ice caused by an increase in the air temperature(1.5℃)contributed 2.7%–30.5%,while basal lubrication contributed 69.5%–97.3%.The enhanced basal sliding was mostly due to the increased surface meltwater penetrating to the bedrock under the rising air temperature conditions;consequently,the glacier ice flow acceleration was caused mainly by an increase in subglacial *** Pedersenbreen,there was an approximately one-year time lag between the change in air temperature and the change in glacier ice flow velocity.

关键词： ice flow velocity Arctic temperature rising Pedersenbreen Elmer/Ice meltwater

Effects of vegetables and fruit with varying physical damage, fungal infection, and soil contamination on stability of aqueous ozone

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1758-1765页

作者： Sorivan Chhem-Kieth Lars holm Rasmussen Mette Rosenfjeld Mogens Larsen Andersen Department of Food Science University of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark Department of Technology University College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

The application of aqueous solutions of ozone for surface disinfection is an effective novel green technology with a potential for replacing the use of persistent chemicals in postharvest treatments. However, successful disinfection requires certain levels of ozone to be maintained throughout the process. The decay rates of aqueous ozone were found to vary with the presence of different fruit and vegetables commodities (apples, carrots, onions, celeriac, and pears). Pure aqueous ozone had a half-life of 3200 s, whereas the half-life of ozone was found to range with increasing cross-cut areas between 2177 and 291 s for apples, 573 and 345 s for carrots, 541 and 113 s for onions, 2800 and 253 s for pears, and 362 and 165 s for celeriac. With soil particles present, the ozone half-life dropped to 59 s for celeriac. Parallel measurements reported strong to moderate effect of soil particles (51–626 s, 10 g soil/L ozonated water), and naturally occurring fungi (850–2294 s, 0.25 g fungi mix/L ozonated water) on ozone half-life. In summary, presence of organic compounds, notably by damaged commodities, increase ozone decay and illustrate the need to correctly identify important ozone-depleting parameters, which is crucial for understanding the efficiency of ozone-based washing systems.

关键词： Postharvest cleaning Ozone decay Ozonated water