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Improving the Stability of the Inflatable Soil of Diamniadio by Using Typha Australis in Order to Value It in Partitioning Wall

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2020年第4期8卷 273-284页

作者： Ahmadou Diop macodou Thiam Mamadou Babacar ndiaye Oumar Diallo Harouna Mamadou Bal Salif Gaye Laboratory of Materials and Energetics (LME) University Institute of Technology (IUT) Thiès Senegal

The construction industry in Senegal is experiencing an upsurge in the development of residential housing units and administrative buildings within the new Diamniadio municipality, an area located just about 35 km from the capital city of Dakar. Laboratory oedometer or expansive-index tests, however, show poor density and compromised shear strength in the soil samples within the area -posing serious construction problems due to significant volume changes (swellings) that occur when subjected to moisture, thus, bringing into question the structural performance integrity of the soil, and the financial implications of substitute soil types used to compensate for its poor tensile strength. By way, the companies collect the soil of this location (Diamniadio) and throw it to make pile or micro-pile (pious) for their structures. This article demonstrates how we can value the soil of Diamniadio and the Typha Australis in residential building with a reasonable cost. Typha Australis is a plant generally luxuriant within the northern and central belts of Senegal but also known for its negative ecological impacts on the agricultural production of rice. The valorisation of the soil of Diamniadio will pass by the ability to increase its stability or to decrease its shrinkage/swelling rate. When we achieve it, the soil associate with Typha Australis will be used for small bricks which can be useful for partition wall and so the soil will not be ever thrown as a non-useful material. Tests results of soil specimens extracted from the site show a shrinkage rate of 29.19% with estimated cracking depths of 3.5 cm. But by adding gradually Typha Australis, the shrinkage rate will pass from 29.19% to 5.13% with the material treats with 10% by mass of Typha Australis. Moreover, the crackings in the cylindrical specimen disappear. That shows the increase of the stability;thus the composition will be used for building bricks. However, the densities will also be affected by the presence of Ty

关键词： Buildings Clay Cracking Fine Particle Shrinkage Rate Stabilization Typha Australis Valorisation

An Agent-Based Model for Studying the Impact of Herd Mobility on the Spread of Vector-Borne Diseases: The Case of Rift Valley Fever (Ferlo Senegal)

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2014年第3期2卷 97-111页

作者： Python Ndekou T. Paul Alassane Bah Papa Ibrahima ndiaye Jacques andré Ndione CSE Dakar Senegal Esp-UCAD UMMISCO Dakar Senegal UAD Bambey Senegal

Vector-borne diseases are highly sensitive to environment and to environmental changes. Rift Valley Fever (RFV) is a mosquito-borne zootic virus associated with severe diseases in human beings and economic consequences to livestock sector. Animal and human movements have a fundamental impact on RVF transmission. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of mathematics and agent based models to represent and analyze the dynamic of RFV transmission. However, no previous study has taken into consideration animal herds’ mobility and precipitation factors to understand the disease spread. This limitation underlines the necessity to use computational model approach based on multi-agent system in the study of vector-borne diseases transmission and diffusion. In this paper, a multi-agent system combining conceptual model expressiveness is used to study animal herds’ mobility and the precipitation parameter impact on the Rift Valley Fever outbreak in Ferlo Barkedji in Northern Senegal. Simulation scenarios with various parameters, including rain quality, hosts, vectors, camp dispersal around ponds, etc., are unrolled. The different results we have obtained show that the evolution of the number of infected hosts and infected vectors depend on the degree of animal herds’ mobility and on precipitations. Our model provides a framework that permits predicting the spread of the disease associated with the mobility of animal herds.

关键词： Vector-Borne Diseases Rift Valley Fever Multi-Agent System Diseases Modeling Agent Based

Occupational Hearing Hazards among Informal Sector Welders in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo

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Health 2021年第9期13卷 995-1009页

作者： Nowa Mutangala Mor ndiaye andré Ngombe Kaseba Clarence Mukeng Philippe Mulenga Cilundika Eric Sompwe Mukomena Ruashi Mining Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Occupational Medicine Service Faculty of Medicine University Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senegal School of Public Health University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Public Health School of Medicine University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: Noise, an undesirable sound which is found in all areas of occupational activity, is still a matter of concern given the damage it causes. Various machines and tools, from simple to sophisticated ones, produce several types of noise in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to assess the current status of occupational hearing loss among informal sector welders in the city of Lubumbashi, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted among 122 informal sector welders over a period of five months. The study used an anonymous questionnaire on noise exposure in the workplace and collected audio-metric data of welders. The survey collected data on welders who had a minimal three-year duration of employment without the morbidity associated with the Ear Nose Throat (ENT) region. Socio-professional data (age, duration of employment, sex, education), noise exposure, awareness of hazards and audiometric data were taken into account. Results: 122 questionnaires were completed by male subjects, or 100% (n = 122). The mean age of welders was 36.37 ± 11.91 years with extremes being 20 and 63 years. The mean duration of employment was 11.51 ± 9.6 years with extremes being 3 and 44 years. Audiometric data have shown 37.96% (n = 41) of occupational hearing loss. Three degrees of hearing loss were recorded, notably mild hearing loss standing at 80.49% (n = 33);moderate and severe hearing loss standing at 2.44% (n = 1). Ninety-six percent (n = 117) of welders reported not using personal protective equipment (PPE) and 1% (n = 111) were aware of the hazard associated with noise exposure in the workplace. A correlation was found between welders with an advanced age (p Conclusion: In the study are

关键词： Audiometry Informal Sector Welders Lubumbashi DRC

Therapeutic Aspects of Chronic Bone Infections and Management Challenges

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第2期4卷 21-26页

作者： Charles Diémé Lamine Sarr Alioune Badara Guèye Ndeye Fatou Coulibaly andré Sané Abdoulaye ndiaye Seydina Sèye Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aristide Le Dantec Teaching Hospital Dakar Sénégal.

This study aims to investigate various aspects of the treatment of chronic bone infections and the challenges in their management. The characterization of treatment of 73 patients with chronic bone infection was reported. The four management challenges including consultation delay, immune depression, extreme variety of clinical manifestations and non-use of CT or MRI were discussed in this study. We conducted a retrospective study at Aristide Le Dantec Hospital on 90 cases of chronic bone infection in 73 patients. The mean duration of symptoms before consultation was 36 months. More than half of the patients had a productive fistula at the first consultation. Sickle cell anemia was found in 6 patients. Multiple lesions were found in 10 patients;and long bones were affected in 90% of cases. The bacterial culture was positive in 93.15%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most isolated germ (68.35%). Seventy-two out of seventy-three patients were operated on. The procedure depended on anatomical and radiological lesions. Surgical treatment was associated with antibiotherapy which was firstly probabilistic and secondarily adapted to the results of bacterial culture. A favorable trend was found in 41 patients (56.16%). 32 cases of adverse effects were noted (43.83%), and 27 patients had recurrence after a favorable outcome. Several complications and sequelae were observed demonstrating the tenacity of these chronic infections.

关键词： Chronic Bone Infection Management Challenges