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Analysis of risk factors-especially different types of plexitis-for postoperative relapse in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第7期9卷 167-173页

作者： Agnes Milassin Anita Sejben László Tiszlavicz Zita Reisz Gyorgy Lázár Mónika Szucs renáta bor Anita Bálint Mariann Rutka Zoltán Szepes Ferenc Nagy Klaudia Farkas tamás Molnár First Department of Internal Medicine University of Szeged Department of Pathology University of Szeged Department of Surgery University of Szeged Department of Medical Physics and Informatics University of Szeged

AIM To evaluate the presence of submucosal and myenteric plexitis and its role in predicting postoperative *** Data from all patients who underwent Crohn's disease(CD)-related resection at the University of Szeged, Hungary between 2004 and 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic data, smoking habits, previous resection, treatment before and after surgery, resection margins, neural fiber hyperplasia, submucosal and myenteric plexitis were evaluated as possible predictors of postoperative recurrence. Histological samples were analyzed blinded to the postoperative outcome and the clinical history of the patient. Plexitis was evaluated based on the appearance of the most severely inflamed ganglion or nerve bundle. Patients underwent regular follow-up with colonoscopy after surgery. Postoperativerecurrence was defined on the basis of endoscopic and clinical findings, and/or the need for additional surgical resection. RESULTS One hundred and four patients were enrolled in the study. Ileocecal, colonic, and small bowel resection were performed in 73.1%, 22.1% and 4.8% of the cases, respectively. Mean disease duration at the time of surgery was 6.25 years. Twenty-six patients underwent previous CD-related surgery. Forty-three point two percent of the patients were on 5-aminosalicylate, 20% on corticosteroid, 68.3% on immunomodulant, and 4% on anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha postoperative treatment. Postoperative recurrence occurred in 61.5% of the patients; of them 39.1% had surgical recurrence. 92.2% of the recurrences developed within the first five years after the index surgery. Mean disease duration for endoscopic relapse was 2.19 years. The severity of submucosal plexitis was a predictor of the need for second surgery(OR = 1.267, 95%CI: 1.000-1.606, P = 0.050). Female gender(OR = 2.21, 95%CI: 0.98-5.00, P = 0.056), stricturing disease behavior(OR = 3.584, 95%CI: 1.344-9.559, P = 0.011), and isolated ileal localization(OR = 2.671, 95%CI: 1.033-6.

关键词： Submucosal plexitis Postoperative recurrence Crohn’s disease Stricturing disease behavior Isolated ileal disease

Long-term outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps:Results from a 10-year cohort

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 193-205页

作者： Anna Fábián renáta bor Béla Vasas Mónika Szűcs Tibor Tóth Zsófia Bősze Kata Judit Szántó Péter Bacsur Anita Bálint Bernadett Farkas Klaudia Farkas Ágnes Milassin Mariann Rutka tamás Resál tamás Molnár Zoltán Szepes Department of Internal Medicine University of SzegedSzent-Györgyi Albert Medical SchoolSzeged 6725Hungary Department of Pathology University of SzegedSzent-Györgyi Albert Medical SchoolSzeged 6725Hungary Department of Medical Physics and Medical Informatics University of SzegedSzent-Györgyi Albert Medical SchoolSzeged 6720Hungary USZ Translational Colorectal Research Group Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular MedicineSzeged 6725Hungary

BACKGROUND Choosing an optimal post-polypectomy management strategy of malignant colorectal polyps is challenging,and evidence regarding a surveillance-only strategy is *** To evaluate long-term outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal *** A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps between 2010 and *** disease rate and nodal metastases after secondary surgery and local and distant recurrence rate for those with at least 1 year of follow-up were *** rates for categorical variables and means for continuous variables with 95%confidence intervals were calculated,and Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney test were *** risk factors of adverse outcomes were RESULTS In total,135 lesions(mean size:22.1 mm;location:42%rectal)from 129 patients(mean age:67.7 years;56%male)were *** proportion of pedunculated and non-pedunculated lesions was similar,with en bloc resection in 82%and 47%of lesions,*** differentiation,distance from resection margins,depth of submucosal invasion,lymphovascular invasion,and budding were reported at 89.6%,45.2%,58.5%,31.9%,and 25.2%,*** tumor was found in 10 patients,and nodal metastasis was found in 4 of 41 patients who underwent secondary surgical *** analysis identified piecemeal resection as a risk factor for residual malignancy(odds ratio:1.74;P=0.042).At least 1 year of follow-up was available for 117 lesions from 111 patients(mean follow-up period:5.59 years).Overall,54%,30%,30%,11%,and 16%of patients presented at the 1-year,3-year,5-year,7-year,and 9-10-year surveillance *** outcomes occurred in 9.0%(local recurrence and dissemination in 4 patients and 9 patients,respectively),with no difference between patients undergoing secondary surgery and surveillance *** Reporting of histological featur

关键词： Malignant colorectal polyps T1 tumor Endoscopic removal Outcomes Long-term Surveillance

Cholesterol synthesis inhibition or depletion in axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 271-276页

作者： bor Luen tang Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University Health SystemNational University of SingaporeSingapore

Cholesterol is biosynthesized by all animal cells. Beyond its metabolic role in steroidogenesis, it is enriched in the plasma membrane where it has key structural and regulatory functions. Cholesterol is thus presumably important for post-injury axon regrowth, and this notion is supported by studies showing that impairment of local cholesterol reutilization impeded regeneration. However, several studies have also shown that statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Co A reductase, are enhancers of axon regeneration, presumably acting through an attenuation of the mevalonate isoprenoid pathway and consequent reduction in protein prenylation. Several recent reports have now shown that cholesterol depletion, as well as inhibition of cholesterol synthesis per se, enhances axon regeneration. Here, I discussed these findings and propose some possible underlying mechanisms. The latter would include possible disruptions to axon growth inhibitor signaling by lipid raft-localized receptors, as well as other yet unclear neuronal survival signaling process enhanced by cholesterol lowering or depletion.

关键词： axon regeneration cholesterol 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase(HMG-CoA reductase) lipid raft methyl-β-cyclodextrin Nogo receptor prominin-1 RhoA statins

Axon regeneration induced by environmental enrichment-epigenetic mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 10-15页

作者： bor Luen tang Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of Singapore

Environmental enrichment is known to be beneficial for cognitive *** many animal models of neurological disorders and brain injury,EE has also demonstrated neuroprotective benefits in neurodegenerative diseases and in improving recovery after stroke or traumatic brain *** exact underlying mechanism for these phenomena has been *** findings have now indicated that neuronal activity elicited by environmental enrichment induces Ca2+influx in dorsal root ganglion neurons results in lasting enhancement of CREB-binding protein-mediated histone ***,in turn,increases the expression of pro-regeneration genes and promotes axonal *** mechanism associated with neuronal activity elicited by environmental enrichment-mediated pathway is one of several epigenetic mechanisms which modulate axon regeneration upon injury that has recently come to *** other prominent mechanisms,albeit not yet directly associated with environmental enrichment,include DNA methylation/demethylation and N6-methyladenosine modification of *** this brief review,I highlight recent work that has shed light on the epigenetic basis of environmental enrichment-based axon regeneration,and discuss the mechanism and pathways involved.I further speculate on the implications of the findings,in conjunction with the other epigenetic mechanisms,that could be harness to promote axon regeneration upon injury.

关键词： axon regeneration CREB-binding protein DNA methylation/demethylation dorsal root ganglion DRG neurons environmental enrichment epigenetics histone acetylation mechanistic target of rapamycin mTOR phosphatase and tensin homologue PTEN

Emergence of life——how and where?——An update based on recent ideas

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第5期17卷 500-510页

作者： bor Luen tang Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Republic of Singapore

Panspermic origins notwithstanding, life, assuming that it started on Earth, may have taken root as soon as it became geologically permissible. There are multiple possibilities for early biogenesis from complex inorganic/organic geochemistry at diverse geological niches. Recent theoretical calculations have revived the possibility of Earth having a rather reduced early atmosphere, and had refueled arguments for a surface origin of life. Laboratory modeling of possible prebiotic RNA polymerization has seen interesting experimental advances, although a plausible replicator-like molecule has not yet been produced. The hydrothermal origin school of thought has also seen an interesting postulation for life’s early emergence and evolution—within contiguous, porous hydrothermal iron-sulfide (FeS) compartments, leading to a non-free living last universal common ancestor (LUCA). A confined LUCA evolving later into free-living archaebacteria and eubacteria could potentially reconcile some problems of molecular divergence between these two kingdoms. There are, however, many unresolved problems, and experimental evidence for such a scheme is lacking. Here, recent updates and refinements to the mainstay hypotheses for the emergence of life on Earth are reviewed and discussed.

关键词： emergence/origin of life iron-sulfide (FeS) last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

Semaphorin 3A: from growth cone repellent to promoter of neuronal regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 795-796页

作者： bor Luen tang Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University Health SystemMedical Drive Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of SingaporeMedical Drive

Highlight Semaphorin 3A is a classically known axonal guidance cue that mediates axonal growth cone repulsion and *** works,however,suggest that it may have the apparently diametrically opposite activity of promoting ... 详细信息

关键词： from growth cone repellent to promoter of neuronal regeneration CNS Semaphorin 3A

Nogo-A and the regulation of neurotransmitter receptors

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2037-2038页

作者： bor Luen tang Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore

Nogo-A is known to restrict plasticity in the adult central nervous system,and signalling through its cognate receptors modulates synaptic spine architecture and excitatory glutamate transmission via restricting synaptic glutamate receptor levels and their delivery to the post-synaptic compartments.A recent report now indicates that Nogo-A,signaling through Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2,also strengthens inhibitory gamma amino acid butyric acid(GABA)ergic transmission by limiting the diffusion dynamics of GABAA *** reciprocal modulation of excitatory and inhibitory signaling via neurotransmitter receptor dynamics by Nogo-A likely plays important pathophysiological roles in synaptic plasticity during development and injury.

关键词： restrict likely limiting

Lattice BGK Simulation of Multipolar Vortex Formation

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2010年第5期2卷 533-544页

作者： Gábor Házi Gábor Tóth Theoretical Thermohydraulics Group MTA KFKI Atomic Energy Research InstituteH-1525Konkoly Th29-33BudapestHungary Department of Physics and Chemistry Széchényi István UniversityH-9026Egyetem Tér 1GyörHungary

Analytical and numerical studies have shown that multipolar vortices can emerge in two-dimensional flow due to azimuthal normal mode perturbations of shielded *** has been found that mode 2 and 3 perturbations can lead to the formation of stable tripoles and quadrapoles,respectively,while higher order modes result in more complex unstable compound *** have used the lattice Boltzmann method to simulate the effect of azimuthal perturbations on shielded vortices at moderate Reynolds *** have found that azimuthal normal mode perturbations result in the formation of multipoles,which decay due to viscous *** could also observe that the outcome of such simulations is very sensitive to the displacement of perturbations above wavenumber-3 excitations,in spite of the significant viscosity we used.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method shielded vortex stability

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The liver disease of our age?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9072-9089页

作者： Gábor Firneisz 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Semmelweis University

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease that might affect up to one-third of the adult population in industrialised countries. NAFLD incorporates histologically and clinically different non-alcoholic entities; fatty liver (NAFL, steatosis hepatis) and steatohepatitis (NASH-characterised by hepatocyte ballooning and lobular inflammation ± fibrosis) might progress to cirrhosis and rarely to hepatocellular cancer. NAFL increasingly affects children (paediatric prevalence is 4.2%-9.6%). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR), obesity, metabolic syndrome and NAFLD are particularly closely related. Increased hepatic lipid storage is an early abnormality in insulin resistant women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. The accumulation of triacylglycerols in hepatocytes is predominantly derived from the plasma nonesterified fatty acid pool supplied largely by the adipose tissue. A few NAFLD susceptibility gene variants are associated with progressive liver disease, IR, T2DM and a higher risk for hepatocellular carcinoma. Although not approved, pharmacological approaches might be considered in NASH patients.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Liver cirrhosis Hepatocellular cancer Dysfunctional adipose tissue Type 2 diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance Obesity Genetics Therapy