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Daily Physical Activity Improves Vascular Function and Motor Skills in Children

Journal of Sports Science 2017年第2期5卷 78-88页

作者： Sascha ketelhut Kerstin ketelhut Claudia Hacke reinhard g.nter ketelhut Charité-University Medicine Berlin Berlin 10117 Germany Institute of Sports Science Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany Medical School Berlin Berlin 12247 Germany Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg 20251 Germany Medical Center Berlin (MCB) Berlin 10559 Germany Institute of Sports Medicine Humboldt-University Berlin Berlin 10115 Germany

The literature is consistent that regular physical activity in children has to be increased in order to compensate the negative health effects resulting from growing sedentary lifestyle. Thus, we analyzed in 45 students （aged 6.6 ± 0.7 years） the effects of a regular exercise intervention, on top of the normal physical education classes, on motor performance （MP） and hemodynamic parameters. The students were randomized either to an intervention （INT）（n = 23） or a control （CON）（n = 22） group. Throughout a 9 months period, INT received additional exercise interventions two days a week for 45 minutes. The main outcome measures were MP, peripheral and central blood pressure （BP）, augmentation index （Alx） and aortic pulse wave velocity （aPWV）. After the exercise intervention, we found significant （P 〈 0.05） positive effects on various test items of MP and significant decreases in peripheral and central systolic BP in INT. In contrast, in CON the respective parameters increased in CON alter the observation period. Moreover, aPWV decreased significantly in INT （P = 0.047） and increased in CON, thus resulting in a significant difference in the mean change （P = 0.043）. There were no considerable changes in AIx in both groups. In conclusion, we demonstrated that an increase in regular physical activity has a positive influence on development of MP and hemodynamic parameters even in early childhood. The findings of this study suggest that an increase in exercise time should be initiated as early as possible to improve motor ability and prevent future cardiovascular risk.

关键词： Physical fitness in children exercise and blood pressure arterial stiffness motor performance.

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Uncertainty relations for general phase spaces

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第3期11卷 51-60页

作者： reinhard F. Werner Institut fiir Theoretische Physik Leibniz Universitiit Hannover Germany

We describe a setup for obtain!ing uncertainty relations for arbitrary pairs of observables related by a Fourier transform. The physical examples discussed here are the standard position and momentum, number and angle, finite qudit systems, and strings of qubits for quantum information applications. The uncertainty relations allow for an arbitrary choice of metric for the outcome distance, and the choice of an exponent distinguishing, e.g., absolute and root mean square deviations. The emphasis of this article is on developing a unified treatment, in which one observable takes on values in an arbitrary locally compact Abelian group and the other in the dual group. In all cases, the phase space symmetry implies the eciuality of measurement and preparation uncertainty bounds. There is also a straightforward method for determining the optimal bounds.

关键词： uncertainty relations phase space measurement uncertainty

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Different Asian Monsoon Rainfall Responses to Idealized Orography Sensitivity Experiments in the HadgEM3-gA6 and FgOALS-FAMIL global Climate Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 153-166页

作者： Kai Chi WONg Senfeng LIU Andrew g. TURNER reinhard K. SCHIEMANN Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading RG6 6BB United Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Recent work has shown the dominance of the Himalaya in supporting the Indian summer monsoon （ISM）, perhaps by surface sensible heating along its southern slope and by mechanical blocking acting to separate moist tropical flow from drier midlatitnde air. Previous studies have also shown that Indian snmmer rainfall is largely unaffected in sensitivity experiments that remove only the Tibetan Plateau. However, given the large biases in simulating the monsoon in CMIP5 models, such results may be model dependent. This study investigates the impact of orographic forcing from the Tibetan Plateau, Himalaya and Iranian Plateau on the ISM and East Asian snmmer monsoon （EASM） in the UK Met Office＇s HadgEM3-gA6 and China＇s Institute of Atmospheric Physics FgOALS-FAMIL global climate models. The models chosen featnre oppositesigned biases in their simulation of the ISM rainfall and circulation climatology. The changes to ISM and EASM circulation across the sensitivity experiments are similar in both models and consistent with previous studies. However, considerable differences exist in the rainfall responses over India and China, and in the detailed aspects such as onset and retreat dates. In particular, the models show opposing changes in Indian monsoon rainfall when the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau orography are removed. Our results show that a multi-model approach, as suggested in the forthcoming global Monsoon Model Intercomparison Project （gMMIP） associated with CMIP6, is needed to clarify the impact of orographic forcing on the Asian monsoon and to fully understand the implications of model systematic error.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau East Asian summer monsoon Indian summer monsoon model bias global Monsoon Model Intercompaxison Project (gMMIP)

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A high frequency of gBV-C/HgV coinfection in hepatitis C patients in germany

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2000年第6期6卷 833-841页

作者： reinhard H. Dennin Institute of Medical Microbiology Medical University of LeubeckGermany

AIM To detect infection rate of gBV-C/HgV inhepatitis C patients,to determine the methodsof higher sensitivity and the primers of higherefficiency for gBV-C/HgV RNA detection and tostudy the dominant subtype and mutation ofgBV-C/*** Quantitative RT-PCR for detectionpf HCV RNA concentration in serum samples,RT-nested PCR with two sets of primers fordetection of gBV-C RNA,RT-PCR ELISA with twosets of primers for detection of HgV RNA,nucleotide sequence and putative amino acidsequence *** The positive rates of gBV-C RNA atthe 5’-NCR and NS3 region in 211 serums amplesfrom the patients with HCV infection were 31.8%and 22.8% *** positive rates ofHgV RNA at the 5’-NCR and NS5 region in thesame samples were 47.9% and 31.8%*** total positive rate of gBV-C/HgV RNA was as high as 55.5%.HCV copynumbers in the patients without gBV-C/ HgVcoinfection were statistically higher than that inthe patients with gBV-C/ HgV coinfection(PgBV-C NS3 region *** nucleotide sequences fromamplification products showed higher homologyto HgV genome than to gBV-C genome even though part of the sequences were amplifiedwith gBV-C *** A high frequency of gBV-C/ HgV coinfection existed in the hepatitis C patients. RT-PCR ELISA was more sensitive than RT-nested PCR for detection of gBV-C/ HgV RNA. The primers derived from the 5 -NCR was more efficient than those derived from the NS3 and NS5 regions. A reverse relationship was found to exist between HCV RNA concentration and gBV-C/ HgV infection frequency. HgV was the dominant subtype of the virus in the local area. The major mutations of gBV-C/ HgV genomes were random mutation of nucleotide residue.

关键词： gB Virus C hepatitis g virus hepatitis C virus coinfection polymerase chain reaction sequencing dominant viral subtype germany

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New measurement of melting and thermal conductivity of iron close to outer core conditions

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geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 565-568页

作者： Abhisek Basu Matthew RField Dougal gMcCulloch reinhard Boehler geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of WashingtonWashingtonDC20015USA RMIT Microscopy&Microanalysis Facility RMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia Physics School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida32306USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTennessee37831USA

The amount of literature on both melting and thermal conductivity of iron at Earth’s core conditions is overwhelming and the discrepancies are very *** is a broad range of experimental techniques each of which is flawed to a certain degree,which may explain the *** this report,we present new data using a different method for determining the phase behavior and resistivity of iron in the laser-heated diamond cell by measuring the electrical resistance of both solid and liquid iron *** experiment avoids some of the major flaws of previous experiments,the most important of which is the detection of the onset of *** measurements confirm a shallow melting curve found earlier and the resistivity data imply a trend towards low thermal conductivity in the liquid outer core.

关键词： Outer core Thermal conductivity Iron phase diagram Diamond anvil cell High pressure

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Magnitude,Scale,and Dynamics of the 2020 Mei-yu Rains and Floods over China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2082-2096页

作者： Ambrogio VOLONTÉ Mark MUETZELFELDT reinhard SCHIEMANN Andrew gTURNER Nicholas KLINgAMAN Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingRG66ESUK National Centre for Atmospheric Science University of ReadingReadingRG66ESUK

Large parts of East and South Asia were affected by heavy precipitation and flooding during early summer *** study provides both a statistical and dynamical characterization of rains and floods affecting the Yangtze River Basin(YRB).By aggregating daily and monthly precipitation over river basins across Asia,it is shown that the YRB is one of the areas that was particularly *** and July 2020 rainfall was higher than in the previous 20 years,and the YRB experienced anomalously high rainfall across most of its *** discharge also attained levels not seen since 1998/*** automated method detecting the daily position of the East Asian Summer Monsoon Front(EASMF)is applied to show that the anomalously high YRB precipitation was associated with a halted northward progression of the EASMF and prolonged mei-yu conditions over the YRB lasting more than one *** 5-day heavy-precipitation episodes(12−16 June and 4−8 July 2020)are selected from this period for dynamical characterization,including Lagrangian trajectory *** attention is devoted to the dynamics of the airstreams converging at the *** episodes display heavy precipitation and convergence of monsoonal and subtropical air ***,clear differences are identified in the upper-level flow pattern,substantially affecting the balance of airmass advection towards the *** study contextualizes heavy precipitation in Asia in summer 2020 and showcases several analysis tools developed by the authors for the study of such events.

关键词： East Asian summer monsoon 2020 China floods Yangtze River basin mei-yu front extreme precipitation

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Angular effects in digital off-axis holography

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1126-1130页

作者：赖国俊申功炘 reinhard geisler Institute of Fluid Mechanics School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology German Aerospace Center

The relationship between the off-axis angle of the recording setup and the quality of reconstructed particle images in digital off-axis holography is studied. The interference patterns of the same particles in the same plane are recorded at different off-axis angles in horizontal and vertical directions. By means of numerical wave propagation, the particle images are reconstructed so as to evaluate and compare their quality by the numbers of particles picked out and by the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR）. The results provide useful information about the relationship between the off-axis angle and the quality of the reconstructed image.

关键词： Holography

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Comparison of a Manual and an Automated Tracking Method for Tibetan Plateau Vortices

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 69-84页

作者： Julia CURIO Yongren CHEN reinhard SCHIEMANN Andrew g. TURNER Kai Chi WONg Kevin HODgES Yueqing LI NCAS-Climate University of Reading Reading RG6 6BB UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading RG6 6BB UK Institute of Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Chengdu 610072 China Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610072 China

Tibetan Plateau vortices （TPVs） are mesoscale cyclones originating over the Tibetan Plateau （TP） dnring the extended summer season （April-September）. Most TPVs stay on the TP, but a small number can move off the TP to the east. TPVs are known to be one of the main precipitation-bearing systems on the TP and moving-off TPVs have been associated with heavy precipitation and flooding downstream of the TP （e.g., in Sichuan province or over the Yangtze River Valley）. Identifying and tracking TPVs is difficult because of their comparatively small horizontal extent （400-800 kin） and the limited availability of soundings over the TP, which in turn constitutes a challenge for short-term predictions of TPV-related impacts and for the climatological study of TPVs. In this study, （i） manual tracking （MT） results using radiosonde data from a network over and downstream of the TP are compared with （ii） results obtained by an automated tracking （AT） algorithm applied to ERA-Interim data. Ten MT-TPV cases are selected based on method （i） and matched to and compared with the corresponding AT-TPVs identified with method （ii）. Conversely, ten AT-TPVs are selected and compared with the corresponding MT-TPVs. In general, the comparison shows good results in cases where the underlying data are in good agreement, but considerable differences are also seen in some cases and explained in terms of differences in the tracking methods, data availability/coverage and disagreement between sounding and ERA-Interim data. Recommendations are given for future efforts in TPV detection and tracking, including in an operational weather forecasting context.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Vortices Yearbook of TPVs TRACK mesoscale cyclones manual tracking automated tracking

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Chronic Hyperinsulinism Induced Down-regulation of Insulin Post-Receptor Signaling Transduction in Hep g2 Cells

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2002年第4期22卷 313-316页

作者：袁莉 reinhard Ziegler Andreas Hamann DepartmentofEndocrinologyandMetabolism

To study the regulatory effect of acute and chronic insulin treatmenton insulin post- re- ceptor signaling transduction pathway in a human hepatom a cell line (Hep g2 ) ,Hep g2 cells were incubated in the presence or absence of insulin with different concentrations in serum free m edia for16 h and then stim ulated with10 0 nmol/ L insulin for1m *** levels of insulin receptor β- subunit(IRβ) ,insulin receptor substrate- 1(IRS- 1) and p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol3- kinase(PI3- kinase) were determined in total cell lysates by Western- im ***- ed proteins IRβ,IRS- 1and interaction of PI3- kinase with IRS- 1were determ ined by im munopre- *** showed that 1- min insulin stimulation rapidly induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRβ and IRS- 1,which in turn,resulting in association of PI 3- kinase with IRS- 1.1- 10 0 nm ol/ L chronic insulin treatment induced a dose- dependent decrease in the protein level of IRβ and a slight decrease in the protein level of IRS- *** was a m ore marked reduction in the phospho- rylation of IRβ,IRS- 1,reaching a nadir of2 2 % (Pgnificant change in PI3- ki- nase protein levels. These data suggest that chronic insulin treatm ent can induce alterations of IRβ,IRS- 1and PI 3- kinase three early steps in insulin action,which contributes significantly to insulin resistance,and may account for desensitization of insulin action.

关键词： insulin insulin signaling transduction insulin resistance

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Hydroprocessing and Blending of a Biomass-Based DTg-gasoline

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Energy Engineering 2022年第6期119卷 2169-2192页

作者： David graf Philipp Neuner reinhard Rauch Department Fuel Technology(EBI-ceb) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Engler-Bunte-InstituteKarlsruhe76131Germany

The number of annually registered internal-combustion vehicles still exceeds electric-driven ones in most regions,e.g.,*** goals are disclosed with the European green Deal,which calls for new technical approaches and greenhouse gas neutral transition *** bridging technologies are synthetic fuels for®the transportation sector,e.g.,using the bioliq process for a CO_(2)-neutral gasoline *** must meet the applicable national standards to be used in existing *** parameters can be variably adapted to their requirements by *** this work,we considered the upgrading of aromatic-rich DTg®gasoline from the bioliq *** heavy gasoline was therefore separated from the light one by *** investigated how to selectively modify the petrochemical parameters of the heavy gasoline,especially the boiling characteristics,to make the product suitable as a high-quality blending *** commercially available Pt/zeolite catalysts were tested over a wide range of temperature and space *** achieved high gasoline yields,while the content of light end compounds up to a boiling temperature of 150°C could be increased *** contrast to the high naphthenic content of the gasoline,the obtained octane numbers were *** the Motor Octane Number turned out unexpectedly high and showed a dependency on the isomerization of the naphthenic *** blending the upgraded heavy gasoline with the previously separated light gasoline,we could finally show that hydroprocessing is suitable for adjusting petrochemical *** aromatic concentration was 37.5%lower than that in the original raw gasoline,while the boiling characteristics improved ***,the final boiling point was 82°C lower,which is beneficial for the emission behavior.

关键词： Synthetic fuels upgrading durene dimethyl ether to gasoline refinery

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