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Gastric carboxylesterases of the edible crab Cancer pagurus (Crustacea, Decapoda) can hydrolyze biodegradable plastics

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 80-89页

作者： Lukas Miksch Lars Gutow reinhard Saborowski Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAm Handelshafen 1227570BremerhavenGermany

A promising strategy to counteract the progressing plastic pollution of the environment can involve the replacement of persistent plastics with biodegradable *** polymers are enzymatically degradable by various hydrolytic ***,these materials can reach the environment in the same way as conventional ***,they are accessible to terrestrial,freshwater,and marine *** ingested by marine organisms,highly active enzymes in their digestive tracts may break down biodegradable *** incubated microparticles of five different biodegradable plastics,based on polylactictic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),polybutylene adipate terephthalate(PBAT)and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate(PHBV),in-vitro with the gastric fluid of the edible crab Cancer pagurus and evaluated the hydrolysis rates by pH Stat titration.A plastic blend of PLA with PBAT showed the highest hydrolysis *** enzymes in the gastric fluid of crabs were separated by anion exchange *** with carboxylesterase activity were identified using fluorescent methylumbelliferyl(MUF)-*** fractions with high carboxylesterase activity also hydrolyzed a PLA/PBAT plastic *** showed molecular masses of 40–45 kDa as determined by native gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Our study demonstrated that digestive carboxylesterases in the gastric fluid of *** exhibit a high potential for hydrolyzing certain biodegradable *** esterases are common in the digestive tract of organisms,it seems likely that other invertebrates possess the ability to hydrolyze biodegradable plastics.

关键词： Biodegradable plastics Microplastics Crustaceans Ingestion Enzymes Enzymatic degradation

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七个发达国家卫生系统的领导与治理

中国卫生政策研究 2012年第11期5卷 1-11页

作者： Peter C Smith Anders Anell reinhard busse Luca Crivelli Judith Healy Anne Karin Lindahl Gert Westert Tobechukwu Kene 帝国理工学院隆德大学经济与管理学院柏林理工大学意大利语区大学澳大利亚国立大学挪威卫生服务知识中心奈梅亨大学医学中心

本文运用结构式调查方法,探讨了澳大利亚、英国、德国、荷兰、挪威、瑞典和瑞士七个发达国家卫生系统的领导和治理情况。领导与治理模式包含三项基本职能:优先顺序设置、绩效监管和问责制。各国卫生系统的领导和治理方法存在着显著差异... 详细信息

本文运用结构式调查方法,探讨了澳大利亚、英国、德国、荷兰、挪威、瑞典和瑞士七个发达国家卫生系统的领导和治理情况。领导与治理模式包含三项基本职能:优先顺序设置、绩效监管和问责制。各国卫生系统的领导和治理方法存在着显著差异,零散并略显随意。虽然各国在卫生系统的总体目标上达成了共识,但设置优先顺序的途径各不相同。成本效益分析作为设置卫生系统运行优先顺序的一个主要方法被各国加以广泛运用,但并未发挥核心作用。各国虽然处于不同的发展阶段,但绩效监管却能广泛吸收有益意见。问责制特别是在最优方法的不确定性方面,各国之间的差异最大。大多数情况下,市场机制、选举程序、直接经济激励以及专业监督与控制等几种不同问责机制的组合可能更为合适。而且这些机制应与优先顺序设置和绩效监管协调一致。

关键词：领导治理卫生系统问责制

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袋式分拣的发展趋势

现代制造 2024年第6期 32-34页

作者： reinhard Irrgang 不详

高性能的物流分拣和配送系统对于面向未来的高性能、高效率内部物流流程来讲显得越来越重要。这也适用于诸如包裹寄送、邮政和快递服务商等领域的情况,因为它们收到的在线药品订购量和电子商务业务量也都在快速增长。SSI Schäfer公司通... 详细信息

高性能的物流分拣和配送系统对于面向未来的高性能、高效率内部物流流程来讲显得越来越重要。这也适用于诸如包裹寄送、邮政和快递服务商等领域的情况,因为它们收到的在线药品订购量和电子商务业务量也都在快速增长。SSI Schäfer公司通过自己研发生产的SSI Carrier袋式分拣系统在市场中推出了一种高动态性能的悬挂式分拣机。这是一种适合在电子商务领域和全渠道分销平台中使用的可扩展且模块化的物资分拣系统。

关键词：电子商务领域配送系统订购量物流流程分拣系统袋式高动态性能悬挂式

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以多功能为目标

现代制造 2024年第3期 43-45页

作者： reinhard Irrgang 不详

当物流仓库的工作场地比较狭小时,通常会用物资存取设备(RBG)在货架中存取物资和托盘;例如在扩建的仓库中利用高架立体库RBG完成不同规格大小和不同重量物资与托盘的存取。在AKL自动化小件仓库中,合适的RBG可以同时快速处理周转箱、托... 详细信息

当物流仓库的工作场地比较狭小时,通常会用物资存取设备(RBG)在货架中存取物资和托盘;例如在扩建的仓库中利用高架立体库RBG完成不同规格大小和不同重量物资与托盘的存取。在AKL自动化小件仓库中,合适的RBG可以同时快速处理周转箱、托盘和纸箱等。

关键词：物流仓库立体库快速处理周转箱工作场地不同规格自动化物资

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量身定制的全方位服务

现代制造 2024年第3期 40-42页

作者： reinhard Irrgang 不详

工业包装物生产厂家的一个关键特征是:除了生产品种繁多、坚固耐用而且适合各种尺寸规格、质地和几何形状各种产品的包装材料之外,还要为用户提供运输组织和物流服务。

关键词：物流服务尺寸规格几何形状包装材料量身定制包装物关键特征全方位服务

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技术领先的物流标签

现代制造 2024年第9期 30-32页

作者： reinhard Irrgang 不详

“标签”不仅有助于人们识别不同产品而且(稍加修改的)标签也非常适合于在企业内部物流和交货过程中使用,为每一件物品、托盘、周转箱和包裹做成“唯一性”的标识,无论是条形码、二维矩阵码还是RFID射频识别标签。本文介绍了如何满足多... 详细信息

“标签”不仅有助于人们识别不同产品而且(稍加修改的)标签也非常适合于在企业内部物流和交货过程中使用,为每一件物品、托盘、周转箱和包裹做成“唯一性”的标识,无论是条形码、二维矩阵码还是RFID射频识别标签。本文介绍了如何满足多功能的标签打印机和标签要求。出于可持续发展的原因,没有背纸的发货标签和物流标签是一个非常有价值的想法——国际包装组织WPO也是这样看的。现在,它已荣获爱马仕InNo-Liner世界之星大奖中著名的“包装材料和零部件”类别大奖。

关键词：标签打印机条形码物流标签周转箱标签要求包装材料国际包装爱马仕

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适合于物流数字化使用的自动识别技术

现代制造 2024年第3期 32-34页

作者： reinhard Igang 不详

无论是生产厂家还是电子商务中心,尽可能无缝地、自动化地及安全准确地跟踪和追溯自己从交付货物开始发出去的产品、零部件和包装箱,是当前和未来物流4.0、工业和商业企业成功非常重要而且不容有失的前提条件。本文介绍的就是全新的和... 详细信息

无论是生产厂家还是电子商务中心,尽可能无缝地、自动化地及安全准确地跟踪和追溯自己从交付货物开始发出去的产品、零部件和包装箱,是当前和未来物流4.0、工业和商业企业成功非常重要而且不容有失的前提条件。本文介绍的就是全新的和创新性的条形码自动识别仪器设备和解决方案。

关键词：自动识别技术条形码交付货物仪器设备包装箱自动化物流数字化解决方案

INFLUENCE OF INITIAL LIQUID DISTRIBUTION ON MASS TRANSFER IN PACKED BEDS

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 1994年第2期2卷 39-53页

作者： reinhard Billet Department of Process and Environmental Engineering Ruhr University Bochum 44780 Bochum Germany

Experience from experimental studies shows that the efficiency of a column packing depends considerably on liquid flow management at the top of the column. Therefore, attention must be drawn to the need for a proper liquid distribution design in order to obtain good operation of the packed bed.The choice of the liquid distribution system depends on the geometry of the selected packings and on the operating conditions. One of the main parameters which determines the operation of the distribution and its influence on bed efficiency is the number of liquid feeders. Extensive systematic investigations were carried out under absorption, desorption and rectification conditions in beds of different dumped and regular packings, applying distributors with varying numbers of liquid outlets.The evaluations and modelling of the experimental results led to the determination of the proper number of feeder points, which mainly depends on the packing geometry represented by its open area and void fraction. The main results are shown in the form of diagrams and equations.

关键词： liquid distribution packed bed

Incidence of urinary incontinence following endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of 5068 patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 233-238页

作者： Daniele Castellani Vineet Gauhar Khi Yung Fong Mario Sofer Moisés Rodríguez Socarrás Azimdjon N Tursunkulov Lie Kwok Ying Sarvajit Biligere Ho Yee Tiong Dean Elterman Abhay Mahajan Mark Taratkin Sorokin Nikolai Ivanovich Tanuj Pal Bhatia Dmitry Enikeev Nariman Gadzhiev Mohammed Taif Bendigeri Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Marco Dellabella Fernando Gómez Sancha Bhaskar Kumar Somani Thomas reinhard William Herrmann Urology Unit IRCCS INRCAAncona 60127Italy Urology Unit Marche University HospitalLe Marche Polytechnic UniversityAncona 60126Italy Department of Urology Ng Teng Fong General HospitalSingapore 609606Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Department of Urology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterAffiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery ICUA-Clínica CEMTROMadrid 28701Spain Urology Division Akfa Medline HospitalTashkent 100211Uzbekistan Advanced Urology Gleneagles HospitalSingapore 258499Singapore Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore Divisionof Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoOntarioToronto M5G 2C4Canada Department of Urology Mahatma Gandhi Mission’s Medical College and HospitalAurangabad 431003India Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health Sechenov UniversityMoscow119435Russian Federation Department of Urologyand Andrology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119992Russian Federation Department of Urology Sarvodaya Hospital and Research CentreFaridabadHaryana 121006India Department of Urology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Urology Saint-Petersburg State University HospitalSaint-Petersburg 199034Russian Federation Department of Urology Asian Institute of Nephrology and UrologyHyderabad 500082India S.H.Ho UrologyCentre Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 96H2+Q9China Department of Urology University Hospitals Southampton NHS TrustSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Urology Cantonal Hospital Thurgau AGFraunfeld 8500Switzerland

We aim to evaluate the incidence of incontinence following laser endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)comparing en-bloc(Group 1)versus 2-lobe/3-lobe techniques(Group 2).We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing EEP for benign prostaticenlargement in 12 centers between January 2020 and January *** were presented as median and interquartile range(IQR).Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate factors associated with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and mixed urinary incontinence(MUI).There were 1711 patients in Group 1 and 3357 patients in Group *** in Group 2were significantly younger(68[62–73]years vs 69[63–74]years,P=0.002).Median(interquartile range)prostate volume(PV)wassimilar between the groups(70[52–92]ml in Group 1 vs 70[54–90]ml in Group 2,P=0.774).There was no difference in preoperativeInternational Prostate Symptom Score,quality of life,or maximum flow ***,morcellation,and total surgical time weresignificantly shorter in Group *** 1 month,overall incontinence rate was 6.3%in Group 1 versus 5.3%in Group 2(P=0.12),and urge incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1(55.1%vs 37.3%in Group 2,P<0.001).After 3 months,the overall rate ofincontinence was 1.7%in Group 1 versus 2.3%in Group 2(P=0.06),and SUI was significantly higher in Group 2(55.6%vs 24.1%in Group 1,P=0.002).At multivariable analysis,PV and IPSS were factors significantly associated with higher odds of transient SUI/***,surgical time,and no early apical release technique were factors associated with higher odds of persistent SUI/MUI.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia en-bloc enucleation endoscopic enucleation of the prostate laser therapy stress urinaryincontinence urge urinary incontinence