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Applying the Moisture Availability Index (NTDI) over Vegetated Land in Central Asia: Mongolian Steppe

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第14期6卷 1335-1343页

作者： Abdelmoneim A. Mohamed reiji Kimura Discipline of Geography School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa Arid Land Research Center Tottori University Tottori Japan

The intensity of recent droughts and the uncertainty of moisture variability in the context of increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation have affected the Mongolian grassland. Mongolia typifies the steppe terrain and semiarid to arid continental climate that extends across much of Central Asia. In semi-arid areas like Mongolian steppe, vegetation type and distribution are directly relate to the amount of water that plants can extract from the soil. An index for assessment of moisture availability (ma: defined as the ratio of actual to reference evapotranspiration) was developed, namely NTDI [1] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400300031003800340037003500380031000000 . NTDI (Normalized Day-Night Surface Temperature Difference Index) is defined as the ratio of the difference between the maximum daytime surface temperature and the minimum nighttime surface temperature, to the difference between the maximum and minimum surface temperatures estimated from meteorological data by applying energy balance equations. A verification study conducted at Liudaogou River Basin of the Loess Plateau, China, indicated the capability of NTDI to estimate ma accurately, (R2=0.97,p<0.001) [1] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400300031003800340037003500380031000000 . In Bayan Unjuul, Mongolia, application of NTDI during the growing season showed a significant inverse exponential correlation with ma (R2=0.86,p<0.001). This result indicates that the NTDI is potent to be used as a surrogate of moisture availability in steppe terrain of Central Asia.

关键词： Drought Mongolian Steppe Central Asia NTDI Moisture Availability (ma)

INFLUENCE OF THREAD PITCH ON LOAD DISTRIBUTION ON THREADED END OF PRESSURE CYLINDER

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 1998年第4期11卷 36-41页

作者： Kobayashi, Mitsuo Hongo, Kaoru tanaka, Michihiko Kogakuin Univ Tokyo Japan

One of the design methods for closing the end of a pressure cylinder is to screw down a screw plug on the threaded end of the cylinder. In this case, there is the problem of stress concentration in the threaded end of the pressure cylinder. To solve the problem, it is necessary to know accurately the load distribution on the threaded end of the cylinder. To find the load distribution on the threaded end of the pressure cylinder engaged with the screw plug, the following experiments are carried out. Applying the tensile load between the screw plug and the pressure cylinder and regarding the situation above as equivalent to the situation in which the internal pressure is applied, the load distribution is measured with the strain gauge. The influence of thread pitch on the load distribution on the threaded end of the cylinder is presented and an optimum pitch for design is discussed.

关键词： Pressure cylinder Screw plug Threaded end Load distribution Experiment analysis

Positive Luminescent Sensor for Aerobic Conditions Based on Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Networks

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2021年第1期37卷 162-165页

作者： Kazumasa SUENAGA Kazuo tanaka Yoshiki CHUJO Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKatsuraNishikyo-kuKyoto615-8510Japan

There are numerous numbers of hypoxia-selective luminescent probes based on oxygen quenching of *** show a unique design for luminescent probes to detect hyperoxia utilizing hybrid networks consisting of aggregation-induced emission(AIE)-active dyes and disulfide *** the initial state,emission from the AIE-active dyes is inducible by suppressing energy-consumable intramolecular motions in the hybrid matrices,while the decrease in intensity was detected by releasing molecular motions corresponded to bond scission at the disulfide ***,it was shown that this process selectively proceeds in *** a result,positive luminescent signals were obtained in hyperoxia.

关键词： Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(POSS) Network polymer Hypoxia Luminescent probe

Characterizing mouse male germ cell-specific actin capping protein α3 （CPα3）： dynamic patterns of expression in testicular and epididymal sperm

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第5期10卷 711-718页

作者： Keizo Tokuhiro Yasushi Miyagawaq Hiromitsu tanaka tanaka Project Center for Advanced Science and Innovation Osaka University 3-1 Yamadaoka Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Urology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Science for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Research Institute for Microbial Disease Osaka University 3-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagasaki International University Sasebo Nagasaki 859-3298 Japan

Aim： To characterize mouse capping protein α3 （CPα3） during spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. Methods： We produced rat anti-CPα3 antiserum and examined the expression of CPα3 in various mouse tissues using Western blot analysis and the localization of CPα3 in testicular and epididymal sperm using immunohistochemical analyses. We also examined how the localization of CPα3 and β-actin （ACTB） in sperm changed after the acrosomal reaction by performing immunohistochemical analyses using anti-CPα3 antiserum and anti-actin antibody. Results： Western blot analysis using specific antiserum revealed that CPα3 was expressed specifically in testes. Interestingly, the molecular weight of CPα3 changed during sperm maturation in the epididymis. Furthermore, the subcellular localization of CPα3 in sperm changed dynamically from the flagellum to the post-acrosomal region of the head during epididymal maturation. The distribution of ACTB was in the post-acrosomal region of the head and the flagellum. After inducing the acrosomal reaction, the CPα3 and ACTB localization was virtually identical to the localization before the acrosomal reaction. Conclusion： CPα3 might play an important role in sperm morphogenesis and/or sperm function.

关键词： acrosome male germ cell-specific spermatogenesis testis

Discovery and application of 6π-azaelectrocyclization to natural product synthesis and synthetic biology

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第1期55卷 19-30页

作者： tanaka Katsunori KATSUMURA Shigeo FUKASE Koichi Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceOsaka University1-1 Machikaneyama Department of Chemistry and Open Research Center on Organic Tool Molecules School of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University

While elucidating the inhibitory mechanism of a hydrolytic enzyme by aldehyde-containing natural product,we discovered a reaction involving a rapid 6π-azaelectrocyclization of azatrienes generated from aldehyde with lysine *** electrocyclic reaction of the 1-azatriene system,a cyclization precursor,exhibited a significant substituent *** chiral piperidine synthesis and a one-pot library synthesis of pyridines on solid-supports were applied to synthesize pyridine/indole alkaloid-type natural ***,we developed lysine-based labeling and engineering of biomolecules and living cells based on the rapid 6π-*** labels and oligosaccharide structures were introduced efficiently and selectively into surface lysines under the mild conditions;notable effects of N-glycans on proteins and living cells were visualized for the first time by PET and noninvasive fluorescence imaging.

关键词： 6π-azaelectrocyclization enzyme inhibition lysine natural product synthesis synthetic biology labeling chemical engineering living cells N-glycan in vivo imaging tumor targeting

Primary site resection is superior for incurable metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第28期16卷 3561-3566页

作者： Yusuke Tanoue Nobutaka tanaka Yukihiro Nomura Department of General Surgery Asahi General HospitalI-1326 Asahi289-2511 ChibaJapan

AIM:To investigate survival in patients treated with FOLFOX followed by primary site resection or palliative surgery for incurable metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS:Between 2001 and 2009,a total of 98 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma and non-resectable metastases were diagnosed and treated with the new systemic agent chemotherapy regimen FOLFOX. Primary site resection was carried out in 38 patients, creation of a colostomy or bypass without resection was carried out in 36 patients,and 23 were not operated on because of advanced *** survival times of patients in different groups were analyzed. RESULTS:There were no differences between the patients regarding their general condition,concurrent disease,or tumor stage according to AJCC *** median survivals of the three groups were 30.6,20.8,and 12.7 mo(log-rank P value<0.05),*** postoperative complication rate was higher in the primary site resection group than in the palliative surgery group. CONCLUSION:The results indicate that there are benefits from primary site resection for incurable metastatic colorectal cancer with systemic chemotherapy.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Primary resection Palliative surgery FOLFOX FOLFIRI

Tongue diagnosis: relationship between sublingual tongue morphology in three tongue protrusion angles and menstrual clinical symptoms

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第4期13卷 248-256页

作者： Tim Hideaki tanaka The Pacific Wellness Institute Department of Health Faculty of Health Science Tsukuba University of Technology

OBJECTIVE：The morphological and color characteristics of the tongue sublingual veins（SLVs）can manifest differently within the subjects,depending on the way their tongue is curled *** study was conducted in order to investigate the clinical relevancy of tongue SLV diagnosis in relation to menstrual clinical symptoms（pain,clots,heavy,and scanty）,using three different inspection procedures（IP1,IP2,and IP3）.METHODS：Three-hundred and seventy-seven female patients were asked to stick out their tongues in three specifi c ways which were intended to create different tongue protrusion *** SLV parameters for thickness（TK）,length（LE）,color（CL）,shape（SP）,and nodules（ND）were then ***：According to the results of the Waldχ2test,IP1 provides the best model for pain（R2=0.155）,IP3 for clots（R2=0.437）,IP2 for heavy（R2=0.268）,and scanty（R2=0.192）.Abnormal SLV diagnostic parameters were most strongly associated with the clinical symptom of clots（R2=0.492）.CONCLUSION：While the study showed the relations between tongue SLV features and menstrual clinical symptoms,as well it showed that IP2 was the best overall predictor for the symptomatic indexes used in this study,and using one particular SLV inspection procedure may not be suffi *** application of a particular inspection method alone may cause under-or over-estimation of SLV abnormalities.

关键词： tongue inspection medicine Chinese traditional dysmenorrheal

MICROSCOPIC HETEROGENEITY IN VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF MOLECULAR ASSEMBLED SYSTEMS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第1期31卷 1-1,2-11页

作者： Atsuomi Shundo David P. Penaloza Keiji tanaka Department of Applied Chemistry Kyushu University International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University

An important step in understanding molecular assembled systems is to examine the structure and physical properties at various length scales and clarify the correlation between them. However, while the structures of these systems have been extensively studied from nanoscopic to macroscopic scales, their viscoelastic properties have been often limited to bulk rheological measurements. By using optical tweezers and particle tracking, we here show the local viscoelastic properties and their spatial distributions for the following systems： worm-like micelle solution, supramolecular hydrogel and lyotropic liquid crystal, which are formed by self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules in water. We found that all systems studied possessed a spatial heterogeneity in their viscoelastic properties and this was originated from the heterogeneous structures. It is interesting to note that there is the heterogeneity with the characteristic length scale of sub-micrometer or micrometer scale, thereby structures, although the systems are formed by molecules with nanometer size. The findings of these studies should lead to a better understanding of the dynamics of such systems.

关键词： Optical tweezers Soft materials Heterogeneity Hierarchical structure Rheological properties.

A single atom photocatalyst co-doped with potassium and gallium for enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide synthesis

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7027-7038页

作者： Wenan Cai Yuichiro tanaka Xing Zhu Teruhisa Ohno Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringKyushu Institute of TechnologyKitakyushu 804-8550Japan College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710021China

Polymer carbon nitride(PCN)is widely used in ***,pristine PCN has disadvantages such as insufficient visible light absorption and low photogenerated carrier separation efficiency that greatly limited the photocatalytic *** a non-toxic metal,gallium has the potential to solve the defects of *** ions coordinated with nitrogen in carbon nitride to form Ga-N active sites and improved the photocatalytic *** doped potassium ions form a transmission channel for charge redistribution and transfer between adjacent layers,which is beneficial for better separation of photoexcited *** this study,a series of PCN co-doped with gallium and potassium(Ga-K-PCN)were *** experimental results indicated photocatalytic generation of hydrogen peroxide proceeds through the 2e−oxygen reduction reaction ***,Nyquist plots and photocurrent results further proved that the presence of Ga-N sites and potassium ion doping could significantly improve the separation/transfer of intra-planar and interlayer charge carriers and thus enhance photocatalytic *** Ga10-K3-PCN photocatalysts promoted yield of H_(2)O_(2),with reactivity at 28.2μmol/(g·h)and solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency at 0.64%,surpassed that of a typical photo-catalyst based on PCN(0.18%).

关键词： photocatalysis gallium oxygen reduction reaction H_(2)O_(2) production