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Stability and deactivation of OeR electrocatalysts: A review

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 301-329,I0009页

作者： Feng Zeng Chalachew Mebrahtu Longfei Liao Anna Katharina Beine regina Palkovits State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816JiangsuChina Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 252074 AachenGermany Max Planck Institute for Chemical energy Conversion Stiftstraße.34–3645470 Mülheim an der RuhrGermany

Recently, H_(2) has attracted increasing attention as green energy carrier holding the possibility to replace fossil fuel-based energy sources and thereby reduce CO_(2) emissions. Green hydrogen can be generated by water electrolysis using renewable energies like wind and solar power. When it is combusted, only water forms as by-product. However, the efficiency of water electrolysis is hampered by the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OeR) because of the slow kinetics which leads to a high overpotential. Therefore, many catalysts have been developed for OeR to facilitate the kinetics and reduce the overpotential. In addition to electrocatalytic activity, the stability of the catalysts is imperative for industrial application and has been intensively studied. In this review, we cover recent findings on the stability and deactivation mechanisms of OeR catalysts. We discuss the correlation between OeR activity and stability, methodologies and experimental techniques to study the stability and deactivation as well as the deactivation mechanisms, together with factors influencing stability. Furthermore, strategies for stabilizing and regenerating OeR catalysts as well as methods to predict stability are summarized. Finally, the review highlights emerging methodologies yet to be explored and future directions of stability studies and the design of highly stable OeR catalysts.

关键词： Oxygen evolution OeR Stability Durability Deactivation

An update on the histological subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2019年第11期5卷 17-23页

作者： regina Cheuk-Lam Lo Department of Pathology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the top-ranking cancers worldwide and in Southeast *** high propensity for tumor recurrence,distant metastasis and chemoresistance remain major hurdles in the treatment of *** advances on genetics and genomics research,molecular targeted therapies are emerging as a hope for better disease *** the histological perspective,microscopic review of clinical samples has led to subclassification of HCC and establishment of new *** this review,latest understanding on macrotrabecular-massive HCC,steatohepatitic HCC,lymphocyte-rich HCC,scirrhous HCC,fibrolamellar carcinoma and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma will be discussed,emphasizing on the clinical relevance of these pathological *** delineation of the histological,immunohistochemical,molecular and biological phenotypes of primary liver cancer would to further enhance an integrated morphological-molecular classification that better predicts clinical outcome and guides clinical management.

关键词： Liver cancer subtype histology

effect of surface roughness on sliding friction of micron-sized glass beads

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Friction 2014年第3期2卷 255-263页

作者： Jan MeYeR regina FUCHS Thorsten STAeDLeR Xin JIANG Chair of Surface and Materials Technology University of Siegen57068 SiegenGermany

In order to understand the contact phenomena of micron‐sized particles,which have a tremendous impact on a variety of applications in industry and technology,direct access to the loads as well as the displacements accompanying such contacts are *** particle ensembles show a size variation ranging from the nanometer to the tenths of micron *** the contact behavior of particles featuring radii of several up to several tenths of microns is scarcely studied as these particles are typically too large for atomic force microscopy(AFM)based approaches and too small for conventional macroscopic testing *** this work a nanoindenter based approach is introduced to gain insight into the contact mechanics of micron‐sized glass beads sliding on rough silicon surfaces at various constant low normal *** results are analyzed by a simple modified Coulomb friction law,as well as Hertz,JKR,and DMT contact theory.

关键词： sliding friction roughness colloid probe technique particle technology nanoindentation

Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies—An Important Component of Poverty Reduction

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 92-97页

作者： MARTIN W. BLOeM regina MOeNCH-PFANNeR LYNNDA KIeSS Helen Keller International Regional Office Asia Pacific Helen Keller International Regional Office Asia Pacific Helen Keller International Regional Office Asia Pacific

In the late 1990s, the international development banks and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) convened to outline seven International Development Goals (IDGs) to reduce poverty by 2015. These goals incorporated both the economic and social dimensions of poverty. A two thirds reduction of child mortality and a three fourths reduction of maternal mortality from rates in 1990 by 2015 are two of these seven IDGs. There is a need for better combinations of cost effective strategies to reach these challenging goals by the year 2015. This paper discusses the potential usefulness of micronutrient deficiency control programs for this purpose.

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Renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2579-2586页

作者： regina Maria Pereira Robson Augusto Souza dos Santos Filipi Leles da Costa Dias Mauro Martins Teixeira Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais Laboratory of Hypertension Department of Physiology and BiophysicsInstitute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas Gerais Laboratory of Immunopharmacology Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyInstitute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas Gerais

Hepatic fibrosis is considered a common response to many chronic hepatic injuries. It is a multifunctional process that involves several cell types, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors leading to a disruption of homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the liver ecosystem. In spite of many studies regarding the development of fibrosis, the understanding of the pathogenesis remains obscure. The hepatic tissue remodeling process is highly complex, resulting from the balance between collagen degradation and synthesis. Among the many mediators that take part in this process, the components of the Renin angiotensin system （RAS） have progressively assumed an important role. Angiotensin （Ang） II acts as a profibrotic mediator and Ang-（1-7）, the newly recognized RAS component, appears to exert a counter-regulatory role in liver tissue. We briefly review the liver fibrosis process and current aspects of the RAS. This review also aims to discuss some experimental evidence regarding the participation of RAS mediators in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, focusing on the putative role of the ACe2-Ang-（1-7）- Mas receptor axis.

关键词： Hepatic fibrosis Renin angiotensin system Angiotensin II Angiotensin-(1-7) Receptor Mas Angiotensin converting enzyme 2

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11502-11521页

作者： Luís Ruíz-del-árbol regina Serradilla Hepatic Hemodynamic Unit Gastroenterology Department Hospital Ramón y Cajal University of Alcalá

During the course of cirrhosis, there is a progressive deterioration of cardiac function manifested by the disappearance of the hyperdynamic circulation due to afailure in heart function with decreased cardiac output. This is due to a deterioration in inotropic and chronotropic function which takes place in parallel with a diastolic dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy in the absence of other known cardiac disease. Other findings of this specific cardiomyopathy include impaired contractile responsiveness to stress stimuli and electrophysiological abnormalities with prolonged QT interval. The pathogenic mechanisms of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy include impairment of the b-adrenergic receptor signalling, abnormal cardiomyocyte membrane lipid composition and biophysical properties, ion channel defects and overactivity of humoral cardiodepressant factors. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may be difficult to determine due to the lack of a specific diagnosis test. However, an echocardiogram allows the detection of the diastolic dysfunction and the e/e′ ratio may be used in the followup progression of the illness. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the impairment of effective arterial blood volume and correlates with the degree of liver failure. A clinical consequence of cardiac dysfunction is an inadequate cardiac response in the setting of vascular stress that may result in renal hypoperfusion leading to renal failure. The prognosis is difficult to establish but the severity of diastolic dysfunction may be a marker of mortality risk. Treatment is non-specific and liver transplantation may normalize the cardiac function.

关键词： Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy Inotropic heart dysfuncti

Cytosolic HSP90 Cochaperones HOP and FKBP Interact with Freshly Synthesized Chloroplast Preproteins of Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1133-1145页

作者： Christine Fellerer regina Schweiger Katharina Schongruber Jurgen Soil Serena Schwenker Department of Biology 1 Botany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Grobhaderner Strasse 2-4 D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CiPSM Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitut Munchen Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25 D-81377 Munich Germany

Most chloroplast and mitochondrial proteins are synthesized in the cytosol of the plant cell and have to be imported into the organelles post-translationally. Molecular chaperones play an important role in preventing protein aggregation of freshly translated preproteins and assist in maintaining the preproteins in an import competent state. Pre- proteins can associate with HSP70, HSP90, and 14-3-3 proteins in the cytosol. In this study, we analyzed a large set of wheat germ-translated chloroplast preproteins with respect to their chaperone binding. Our results demonstrate that the formation of distinct 14-3-3 or HSP90 containing preprotein complexes is a common feature in post-translational protein transport in addition to preproteins that seem to interact solely with HSP70. We were able to identify a diverse and extensive class of preproteins as HSP90 substrates, thus providing a tool for the investigation of HSP90 client protein association. The analyses of chimeric HSP90 and 14-3-3 binding preproteins with exchanged transit peptides indicate an involvement of both the transit peptide and the mature part of the proteins, in HSP90 binding. We identified two partner components of the HSP90 cycle, which were present in the preprotein containing high-molecular-weight complexes, the HSP70/HSP90 organizing protein HOP, as well as the immunophilin FKBP73. The results establish chloroplast preproteins as a general class of HSP90 client proteins in plants using HOP and FKBP as novel cochaperones.

关键词： Wheat germ in vitro translation chloroplast import chaperone.

Poly(phenylene oxide) and Renewable Polyamide 11 Blends Compatibilized by ethylene-n-Octene Copolymer

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第7期6卷 772-783页

作者： regina Jeziorska Agnieszka Abramowicz Agnieszka Szadkowska Anna Pasnik ewa Spasowka Department of Polymer Technology and Processing Industrial Chemistry Research InstituteRydygiera 801-793 WarsawPoland

Poly(phenylene oxide)/renewable polyamide 11 (PPO/PA11 20/80) blends toughened with glycidylmethacrylate grafted ethylene-n-octene copolymer (GeOC) were prepared in a co-rotating twin-screwextruder. The reaction between GeOC and PPO/PA11 blend was analyzed by gel content tests. Themorphology of PPO/PA11/GeOC blends was observed by scanning electron microscope. The SeMresults showed that PPO formed the continuous phase, though it is a minority component of blends. Withincreasing GeOC content from 5 to 15 wt% the morphology of the blends transformed from droplet-matrix toco-continuous structure, in which both PA11 and PPO phases are continuous. The blend with co-continuousmorphology had better mechanical properties than those with droplet-matrix morphology. The impactstrength of the PPO/PA11/GeOC blends was much higher compared to the one without GeOC as well asPA11 due to the compatibilizing effect, which was also proved by DSC analysis, rheological behavior (MFR,DMTA) and tensile properties.

关键词： Compatibilization elastomer PPO/PA11 blends toughening

Periprosthetic knee joint infection caused by Brucella melitensis which was first-osteoarticular brucellosis or osteoarthrosis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第3期11卷 677-683页

作者： Thomas Stumpner regina Kuhn Josef Hochreiter Reinhold Ortmaier Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige SchwesternLinz 4010Austria

BACKGROUND Brucellosis is the most common zoonosis worldwide and is endemic in the Middle east,Africa,Asia,and Latin ***,it is uncommon in Central europe,and periprosthetic infections caused by Brucella are therefore *** to the low prevalence and nonspecific clinical presentation of the disease,accurate diagnosis can be challenging;no gold standard currently exists for treating *** SUMMARY Here,we present a 68-year-old Afghan woman living in Austria with a periprosthetic knee infection caused by Brucella *** interval from total knee arthroplasty to septic loosening was five years.A profound medical history and examinations suggested that the patient had been suffering from unrecognized chronic osteoarticular brucellosis prior to total knee *** was successfully treated by two-stage revision surgery and combined antibiotic therapy over three *** Clinicians should consider brucellosis as a possible cause of chronic arthralgia and periprosthetic infection in patients originating from countries with a high brucellosis burden.

关键词： Brucellosis Arthroplasty Infection Osteoarticular Knee Case report