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Capsule endoscopy:Current practice and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7752-7759页

作者： Melissa F Hale reena Sidhu Mark E McAlindon Department of Gastroenterology Royal Hallamshire HospitalSheffield S10 2JFUnited Kingdom

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has transformed investigation of the small bowel providing a non-invasive, well tolerated means of accurately visualising the distal duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Since the introduction of small bowel CE thirteen years ago a high volume of literature on indications, diagnostic yields and safety profile has been presented. Inclusion in national and international guidelines has placed small bowel capsule endoscopy at the forefront of investigation into suspected diseases of the small bowel. Most commonly, small bowel CE is used in patients with suspected bleeding or to identify evidence of active Crohn’s disease (CD) (in patients with or without a prior history of CD). Typically, CE is undertaken after upper and lower gastrointestinal flexible endoscopy has failed to identify a diagnosis. Small bowel radiology or a patency capsule test should be considered prior to CE in those at high risk of strictures (such as patients known to have CD or presenting with obstructive symptoms) to reduce the risk of capsule retention. CE also has a role in patients with coeliac disease, suspected small bowel tumours and other small bowel disorders. Since the advent of small bowel CE, dedicated oesophageal and colon capsule endoscopes have expanded the fields of application to include the investigation of upper and lower gastrointestinal disorders. Oesophageal CE may be used to diagnose oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus and varices but reliability in identifying gastroduodenal pathology is unknown and it does not have biopsy capability. Colon CE provides an alternative to conventional colonoscopy for symptomatic patients, while a possible role in colorectal cancer screening is a fascinating prospect. Current research is already addressing the possibility of controlling capsule movement and developing capsules which allow tissue sampling and the administration of therapy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Small bowel Indications Technology Oesophageal Colon

Treatment of colonic varices with a superior mesenteric venous stent:a case report describing a unique approach

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第6期9卷 597-599页

作者： Sandra Naffouj Mustafa Al-Shammari reena Salgia Department of Internal Medicine Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA

Introduction Ectopic varices are a rare cause of gastrointestinal(GI)bleeding that may occur in the GI tract outside the esophageal and gastric distribution[1].The majority of these cases are rectal varices in cirrhotic patients with portal *** varices(CV)are less common than rectal,duodenal,and smallbowel varices[2].There are no clear guidelines for managing CV given the rarity of this finding[3].We report a case of massive lower-GI bleeding due to CV in a patient with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)without cirrhosis or portal hypertension secondary to porto-mesenteric venous thrombosis that was successfully treated with superior mesenteric venous(SMV)*** the extent of the mesenteric thrombosis,treatment modalities like transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)and balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration(BRTO)were not possible.

关键词： venous varices balloon

Accumulation of L-DOPA in various organs of faba bean and influence of drought, nitrogen stress, and processing methods on L-DOPA yield

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The Crop Journal 2018年第4期6卷 426-434页

作者： Fatemeh Etemadi Masoud Hashemi reena Randhir Omid ZandVakili Ali Ebadi Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA Springfield Technical Community College Springfield MA 01102 USA University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran

Faba bean(Vicia faba L.)has been identified as a rich source of L-DOPA,which is used in treating Parkinson's *** and accumulation of active substances such as L-DOPA in plant tissues may interact with growing conditions and processing *** trends of L-DOPA in various faba bean organs and the effect of drought stress and N fertilization on L-DOPA content were studied in a field and two greenhouse *** influence of various processing methods on L-DOPA content of faba bean tissues was *** highest L-DOPA content was detected in fresh leaves(22.4 mg g^(-1))followed by flowers,young pods,mature seeds,and *** of processing method,L-DOPA concentration in faba bean tissues was significantly reduced when tissues were boiled or *** various methods of processing,freezing had the lowest detrimental effect,reducing L-DOPA concentrations by 24.1%and 21.1%in leaves and seeds,*** stress elevated L-DOPA concentration,and maximum L-DOPA(23.3 mg g^(-1)of biomass)was extracted from plants grown under severe drought ***,L-DOPA yield(L-DOPA concentration×biomass)was compromised,owing to the adverse influence of drought stress on dry matter *** significant difference in L-DOPA concentration was detected among various N application rates.

关键词： Faba bean L-DOPA Processing methods Supplement N

Toll-like receptor-4 antagonism mediates benefits during neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第4期11卷 552-553页

作者： Sagar Gaikwad Challagundla Naveen reena Agrawal-Rajput Laboratory of Immunology School of Biological Sciences and BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Advanced Research

Neuroinflammation following immune activation in the central nervous system（CNS）leads to neuronal loss in specific areas of the CNS resulting in neurodegenerative ***,fine tuning the immune responses within the brai... 详细信息

关键词： neuronal tuning inflammation benefits aberrant microglia inappropriate cytokines bidirectional sepsis

Functional peptides in Asian protein rich fermented foods:production and health benefits

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： reena Kumari Samurailatpam Sanjukta Dinabandhu Sahoo Amit Kumar Rai Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development Regional CentreTadongGangtokSikkimIndia Department of Botany University of DelhiNew DelhiIndia

The richness and diversity of protein rich fermented foods are chiefy observed in many Asian *** are potential source of wide range of biologically active peptides depending on the protein source and starter culture used for *** major protein rich fermented foods popularly consumed in Asian countries include fermented soybean,fermented milk and fermented fsh *** foods are fermented using diferent starter cultures including lactic acid bacteria(LAB),Bacillus species,yeast and flamentous *** by individual starter culture results in unique products by a series of enzymatic hydrolysis,leading to production of a diversity of bioactive peptides responsible for health *** peptides in Asian protein rich fermented foods have been reported for exhibiting antihypertensive,antioxidant,antibacterial,antidiabetic and anticancer *** review is focused on Asian protein rich fermented foods,associated microbes and bioactive peptides responsible for health benefts.

关键词： Fermented foods Peptides Health benefts Asia Microorganism

Comment on“Surgical management of fungal endophthalmitis resulting from fungal keratitis”

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第9期10卷 1479-1480页

作者： Dubbaka Srujana reena Singh Koushik Tripathy Dr.Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences(AIIMS)New Delhi 110029India

Dear Editor,We read with interest the article by Gao et al on fungal endophthalmitis associated with fungal keratitis in 27 eyes of 27 patients. They have reported[1] that multiple surgeries including penetrating keratoplasty （PKP）, pars plana vitrectomy （PPV）, intracameral or intravitreal antifungals, cataract extraction and evisceration resulted in a final visual acuity better than counting fingers in 55.6% eyes. Most common causative fungal pathogens in their study were Fusarium （44%）, Aspergillus （22%）, and Alternaria （7%）.

关键词： In Comment on

Cubic Auto-Catalysis Reactions in Three-Dimensional Nanofluid Flow Considering Viscous and Joule Dissipations Under Thermal Jump

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第7期71卷 779-792页

作者： Rakesh Kumar Ravinder Kumar reena Koundal Sabir Ali Shehzad Mohsen Sheikholeslami Department of Mathematics Central University of Himachal PradeshDharamshalaIndia Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal 57000Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabolIran

In this problem,simultaneous effects of Joule and viscous dissipation in three-dimensional flow of nanoliquid have been addressed in slip flow regime under time dependent rotational *** nanoparticles are submerged in the base fluid(water)due to their chemical and biological *** increment the novelty,effects of cubic autocatalysis chemical reactions and radiative heat transfer have been incorporated in the related boundary layer *** partial differential system is solved by employing the proposed implicit finite difference *** conditions and stability criteria are obtained to ensure the convergence and accuracy of solutions.A comparative analysis is proposed for no-slip nanofluid flow(NSNF)and slip nanofluid flow(SNF).Variations in skin-friction coefficients,Sherwood and Nusselt numbers against physical parameters are *** is investigated that velocity slip and temperature jump significantly control drag forces and rate of heat transfer.

关键词： cubic autocatalysis reactions viscous dissipation Joule heating rotating-fluctuating environment slip flow regime

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in Asian Indians is neither associated with iron overload nor with HFE gene mutations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第3期11卷 393-395页

作者： Ajay Duseja reena Das Mohit Nanda Ashim Das Gurjeewan Garewal Yogesh Chawla Department of Hepatology Department of Hematology Department of Histopathology

AIM: The pathogenesis of occurrence of liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not completely understood. Other than insulin resistance, iron abnormalities have been thought to be one of the triggering factors. Therefore, our aim was to study the role of iron abnormalities and HFE gene mutations in patients with NASH. METHODS: Thirty-one patients of NASH diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination biochemistry, ultrasonography and liver biopsy (n = 14) were included in the study. Serum iron parameters (n = 23) (iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity and transferrin saturation), Perls' iron staining on liver biopsies (n = 14) and HFE gene mutations (C282Y and H63D) (n = 16) were studied in these patients. The association between iron staining, necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis stage on liver biopsies was also determined. RESULTS: Elevated serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation above 55% were observed in 4.3% of patients. On histology, 71% of the patients had negative iron staining, 21.4% had 1+ staining, 7.2% had 2+ staining and none had 3+ or 4+ staining. There was no association between the degree of iron staining and necroinflammatory activity (P=0.55) and fibrosis stage (P= 0.09) on histology. None of the patients had C282Y HFE gene mutation and four patients (25%) were found to be heterozygotes for H63D gene mutation. CONCLUSION: Our study does not favor iron overload and HFE gene mutations as major factors in the pathogenesis of NASH in Asian Indians.

关键词： Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Iron overload HFE gene Mutation

Purification and characterization of CHpro1, a thermotolerant, alkali-stable and oxidation-resisting protease of Chumathang hotspring

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Science Bulletin 2015年第14期60卷 1252-1260页

作者： reena Singh Chirag Chopra Vishnu Kumar Gupta Bashir Akhlaq Vijeshwar Verma Shafaq Rasool School of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University Lovely Professional University Indian Institute of Toxicology Research

Metagenomic approaches are recently used for searching novel open reading frames （ORFs） coding enzymes employed in pharmaceutical, rood industries, etc. In this study, a metagenornic library was constructed from Chumathang hotspring sediment DNA. The library consisted of approximately 9,000 clones and was screened for protease activity. A clone exhibiting protease activity was identified and named CHprol. Sequencing of CHprol revealed that the ORF encoded a functional protein of 363 amino acids belonging to peptidase S8-S53 superfamily. CHprol shared 41% sequence similarity with a reported protease （subtilase family） and 35 % structural similarity with the crystal structure of Pro-Tk sps. of Thermococcus kodarkaenasis. In silico modeling the 3D structure of CHprol showed that it has two beta sheets, 10 alpha helices and 11 strands. Catalytic triad prediction implied CHprol to be a serine protease. The optimum temperature and pH of the purified protease were found to be 80 ℃ and 11.0, respectively. The enzyme was active at 5 % concentration of hydrogen peroxide and retained 60 % of activity at 10 % concentration. The thermotolerant, alkalophilic and oxidant stable properties of the protease make it a potential can- didate for biotechnological applications.

关键词： Thermotolerant. Alkalophilic Oxidantstable Protease Hotspring Metagenomics