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Assessing the impact of concurrent high-fructose and highsaturated fat diets on pediatric metabolic syndrome:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 62-79页

作者： Manuel Alejandro vargas-vargas Marcela González-Montoya Olin Torres-Isidro Claudia Isabel García-Berumen Omar Ortiz-Avila elizabeth Calderón-Cortés Christian Cortés-Rojo Instituto de Investigaciones Químico–Biológicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia 58030MichoacánMexico Facultad de Enfermería Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia 58020MichoacánMexico

High-saturated fat(HF)or high-fructose(HFr)consumption in children predispose them to metabolic syndrome(MetS).In rodent models of MetS,diets containing individually HF or HFr lead to a variable degree of ***,simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr have synergistic effects,worsening MetS *** children,the effects of HF or HFr intake usually have been addressed ***,we have reviewed the outcomes of HF or HFr diets in children,and we compare them with the effects reported in *** humans,HFr intake causes increased lipogenesis,hypertriglyceridemia,obesity and insulin *** the other hand,HF diets promote low grade-inflammation,obesity,insulin *** the deleterious effects of simultaneous HF plus HFr intake on MetS development in rodents,there is little information about the combined effects of HF plus HFr intake in *** aim of this review is to warn about this issue,as individually addressing the effects produced by HF or HFr may underestimate the severity of the outcomes of Western diet intake in the pediatric *** consider that this is an alarming issue that needs to be assessed,as the simultaneous intake of HF plus HFr is common on fast food menus.

关键词： Fructose Saturated fat Metabolic syndrome Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes Ultra processed foods Children Obesity Dyslipidemia Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Geographic variation in sexual selection and implications for speciation in the Barn Swallow

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Chinese Birds 2015年第1期5卷 30-42页

作者： elizabeth SC Scordato rebecca J Safran Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology The University of Colorado

Barn Swallows(Hirundo rustica), a group of passerine birds comprised of six closely related subspecies, are well known throughout their nearly worldwide distribution, in part because of their close association with human settlements.A tractable species for both individual-based and population-level studies, Barn Swallows are a prominent model system in evolutionary, ecological, and behavioral research. Here we review work on sexual selection and population divergence in this species complex, focusing on comparative studies among populations and *** summarize variation in the targets of mate choice and in the information conveyed by sexually selected traits, and conclude that the benefits advertised by different traits may vary geographically. Finally, we consider the role of sexual selection as a driver of population divergence in this widespread and phenotypically variable species complex.

关键词： Barn Swallow Geographic variation Natural selection Sexual selection Speciation Tail streamers Ventral color

Influence of intranasal oxytocin on fear consolidation in healthy humans

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 327-334页

作者： elizabeth Hoge Eric Bui Peter Rosencrans Scott Orr Rachel Ross rebecca Ojserkis Naomi Simon Department of Psychiatry Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUnited States Department of Psychiatry New York University Medical CenterNew York CityNew YorkUSA

Background Although recent data in healthy humans suggestthat treatment with intranasal oxytocin(0T)may facilitate extinction recall,to date,little is known about the effects of 0T on memory *** To examine the effect of intranasal administration of OT compared with placebo on memory consolidation blockade of a de novo fear memory in a classical 2-day fear conditioning *** There were no significant differences between the 0T and the placebo groups on the first two extinction trials(mean(SD)=0.01(0.39)vs 0.15(0.31),t=-1.092,p=0.28).Similarly,during early extinction,analysis of variance for repeated measures failed to show significant main effects of extinction trials:trials(F(4,112)=1.58,p=0.18),drug(F(1,112)=0.13,p=0.72)or drug x trials interaction(F(4,112)=0.76,p=0.56).Conclusion Our results suggest that 0T administered in a double-blind fashion immediately after fear conditioning does not significantly reduce consolidation of fear learning as measured by a differential skin conductance response tested at the beginning of extinction.

关键词： extinction consolidation measures

Metabolite profile comparisons between ascending and descending colon tissue in healthy adults

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第3期26卷 335-352页

作者： Bridget A Baxter Kristopher D Parker Michael J Nosler Sangeeta Rao rebecca Craig Catherine Seiler elizabeth P Ryan Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsFort CollinsCO 80523United States University of Colorado Health Gastroenterology Clinic Fort CollinsCO 80524United States Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523United States Harmony Surgery Center Fort CollinsCO 80528United States Director of Clinical Operations Harmony Surgery CenterFort CollinsCO 80523United States

BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer,yet metabolic distinctions between healthy right and left colon tissue,before cancer is diagnosed,remains largely *** study compared right-ascending and left-descending colon tissue metabolomes to identify differences from the stool metabolome in normal weight,overweight,and obese *** To examine right and left colon tissue metabolites according to body mass index that may serve as mechanistic targets for interventions and biomarkers for colon cancer *** Global,non-targeted metabolomics was applied to assess right-ascending and left-descending colon tissue collected from healthy adults undergoing screening colonoscopies to test the hypothesis that BMI differentially impacts colon tissue metabolite *** colon tissue and stool metabolome of healthy adults(n=24)was analyzed for metabolite signatures and metabolic pathway networks implicated in progression of colorectal *** Ascending and descending colon contained 504 host,food,and microbiotaderived metabolites from normal weight,overweight and obese adults grouped according to body mass *** acids,lipids,and nucleotides were among the chemical types that further differentiated from the stool metabolite *** weight adults had 46 significantly different metabolites between ascending and descending colon tissue locations,whereas there were 37 metabolite differences in overweight and 28 metabolite differences for obese adults(P<0.05).Obese adults had trimethylamine N-oxide,endocannabinoids and monoacylglycerols with different relative abundances identified between ascending and descending *** and secondary bile acids,vitamins,and fatty acids also showed marked relative abundance differences in colon tissue from overweight/obese *** There were metabolite profile differences between right-ascending and leftdescending colon tissue in healthy *** lipids and other metabolites in

关键词： Colon Ascending Descending Metabolomics Obesity Stool

A transgenic pig model expressing a CMV-ZsGreen1 reporter across an extensive array of tissues

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2021年第2期35卷 163-173页

作者： Amy T.Desaulniers rebecca A.Cederberg elizabeth P.Carreiro Channabasavaiah B.Gurumurthy Brett R.White Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583-0908USA Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5930USA

Since genetic engineering of pigs can benefit both biomedicine and agriculture,selecting a suitable gene promoter is critically *** cytomegalovirus(CMV)promoter,which can robustly drive ubiquitous transgene expression,is commonly used at present,yet recent reports suggest tissue-specific activity in the *** objective of this study was to quantify ZsGreen1 protein(in lieu of CMV promoter activity)in tissues from pigs harboring a CMV-ZsGreen1 transgene with a single integration *** samples(n=35)were collected from neonatal hemizygous(n=3)and homozygous(n=3)piglets and ZsGreen1 abundance was determined via ***1 was detected in all tissues,except hypothalamus,kidney cortex and *** expression patterns of homozygous and hemizygous piglets were similar(P>0.05).However,quantification revealed that ZsGreen1 protein levels were *** neural/endocrine tissues,ZsGreen1 abundance was highest in the anterior pituitary gland,intermediate in the cerebellum and lowest in the cerebrum,spinal cord and posterior pituitary(P<0.05).In the digestive system,ZsGreen1 was more abundant in the salivary gland than esophagus,stomach,pancreas,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,spleen,colon,gallbladder and liver(P<0.05).Interestingly,ZsGreen1 amounts also differed within an organ(i.e.,the right ventricle had 3-fold higher levels than the other heart chambers;P<0.05).These results provide useful information for the use of the CMV promoter to drive transgene expression in the ***,this swine model represents a novel resource of ZsGreen1-labeled organs and a valuable tool to advance genome editing research.

关键词： gene expression profiling CMV promoter ZsGreen1 biomedical model genome editing

Assessing Community Health Needs in a Rural Area: Determining Best Practices to Meet New Affordable Care Act Requirements

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Health 2015年第5期7卷 542-546页

作者： elizabeth Schafer rebecca Smullin Dawson Global Health Studies Program Allegheny College Meadville USA

We conducted a review of the peer-reviewed literature focused on conducting community health needs assessments and highlighted the necessary steps to conduct a community health needs assessment in a rural community. From the literature review, we identified three steps necessary— establishing partnerships, using a mixed methods approach, and disseminating results—to successfully conduct a needs assessment that fitted the definition of the Affordable Care Act. These three steps have been used as a guide for developing a protocol for conducting a community health needs assessment in Meadville, PA. We detail our preliminary project protocol here.

关键词： Epidemiology Community Health

Geomechanical modelling of cold heavy oil production with sand

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Petroleum 2022年第1期8卷 66-83页

作者： Assef Mohamad-Hussein Pablo Enrique vargas Mendoza Paolo Francesco Delbosco Claudia Sorgi Vincenzo De Gennaro Surej Kumar Subbiah Qinglai Ni Jose Maria Segura Serra MRLakshmikantha Jos Alvarellos Iglesias rebecca Daniels Schlumberger Geomechanics Center of Excellence Gatwick AirportUnited Kingdom Schlumberger Calle Alvarez de Baena 4Planta Baja28006MadridSpain Schlumberger Av.A.NobelZI NordPau64000France Schlumberger 45th Floor Tornado TowerWest BayMajlis Al TaawonDohaQatar Repsol Technology Center MostolesMadridSpain

The contribution of geomechanics to provide a rigorous quantification of porosity changes and associated permeability changes is often neglected when considering hydrocarbon ***,it often has significant effects on production rates and ultimate *** the cold heavy oil production with sand(CHOPS)technique,geomechanics is the key for reservoir simulations and promoting successful *** fact,the technique employed in CHOPS significantly affects the stress state within the reservoir by inducing“on-purpose”formation *** is not only vital to comprehend the behaviour of the reservoir during production,but it is crucial to identify how to harness that behaviour to improve *** order to simulate the mechanical behaviour of unconsolidated sand material,an elastoplastic damage model was ***-flow-geomechanical modelling was then performed for predicting individual well behaviour and overall field *** combined effect of fluid-flow and geomechanics improved predictions with respect to oil,water,and gas production rates at key *** rates matched satisfactorily most of the *** addition,the onset and propagation of equivalent wormhole networks were quantified throughout the production *** enabled quantification of the volume of produced sand at individual *** comparisons between the measured and simulated sand volume rate at well locations showed reasonable *** calibrated models can then be used for the placement of new wells to optimize production.

关键词： CHOPS Numerical simulation Sanding Geomechanics

BioClay^(TM)prolongs RNA interference-mediated crop protection against Botrytis cinerea

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第11期64卷 2187-2198页

作者： Jonatan Niño-Sánchez Prabhakaran T.Sambasivam Anne Sawyer Rachael Hamby Angela Chen elizabeth Czislowski Peng Li Narelle Manzie Donald M.Gardiner rebecca Ford Zhi Ping Xu Neena Mitter Hailing Jin Department of Microbiology&Plant Pathology Center for Plant Cell BiologyInstitute for Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCalifornia92521USA Department of Plant Production and Forest Resources University of ValladolidPalencia 34004Spain iuFOR‐Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid–INIAPalencia 34004Spain Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security Griffith UniversityNathanQueensland4111Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Centre for Horticultural ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia

One of the most promising tools for the control of fungal plant diseases is spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS).In SIGS,small interfering RNA(siRNA)or double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)targeting essential or virulence-related pathogen genes are exogenously applied to plants and postharvest products to trigger RNA interference(RNAi)of the targeted genes,inhibiting fungal growth and ***,SIGS is limited by the unstable nature of RNA under environmental *** use of layered double hydroxide or clay particles as carriers to deliver biologically active dsRNA,a formulation termed BioClay^(TM),can enhance RNA durability on plants,prolonging its activity against ***,we demonstrate that dsRNA delivered as BioClay can prolong protection against Botrytis cinerea,a major plant fungal pathogen,on tomato leaves and fruit and on mature chickpea *** increased the protection window from 1 to 3 weeks on tomato leaves and from 5 to 10 days on tomato fruits,when compared with naked *** flowering chickpea plants,BioClay provided prolonged protection for up to 4 weeks,covering the critical period of poding,whereas naked dsRNA provided limited *** research represents a major step forward for the adoption of SIGS as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fungicides.

关键词： Bio Clay double stranded RNA layered double hydroxide RNA interference spray-induced gene silencing

HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Patients Failing 1st Line Therapy in a Comprehensive Care Center in Nairobi, Kenya

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World Journal of AIDS 2015年第2期5卷 83-89页

作者： elizabeth Luvai rebecca Waihenya James Munyao Lucy Sanguli Christina Mwachari Samoel Khamadi Institute of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROMID) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya

Background: HIV-1 drug resistance is an emerging challenge for HIV-1 infected clients who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART). In Kenya, as in many other developing countries, ART is now accesible to clients who need it. However, they must be done a CD4 test first and if the count is <300, then ART is commenced. With the initiation of ART comes the challenge of adherence to medication, a factor that is impacted greatly by the understanding of the client of the importance?of adherence and the financial ability to keep their appointments, especially if the clients come from a distant location. Objective: To identify HIV-1 drug resistance mutations inclientsfailing1st line antiretroviral therapy in Nairobi, Kenya. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out where whole blood samples were collected from clients attending a HIV care and treatment clinic in Nairobi. Clients who had been on ART for more than 6 months and had a viral load greater than 1000 were enrolled in the study. A total of 52 client samples were successfully sequenced in the reverse transcriptase region and analyzed. Results: After analysis of the generated sequences, it was seen that 43 (82.6%) of the clients had HIV-1 drug resistance mutations conferring resistance to one or more nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Majority of the clients (46%) were infected with HIV-1 subtype A viruses. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that a significant proportion of the clients on ART had developed resistance mutations to one or more drugs that are used as 1st line therapy in Kenya. There is need for continuous education of the population on importance of adherence to medication. There is also need for clinicians to be trained on using viral load and HIV drug resistance testing, where available, as methods of monitoring treatment failure so that clients can be switched to alternative medication immediately the need a

关键词： HIV-1 Treatment Failure Antiretroviral Therapy Drug Resistance Subtype