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No evidence for enzootic plague within black-tailed prairie dog(Cynomys ludovicianus)populations

Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 834-851页

作者： rebecca e.colman R.Jory BRINKeRHOFF Joseph D.BUSCH Chris RAY Adina DOYLe Jason W.SAHL Paul KeIM Sharon K.COLLINGe David M.WAGNeR Pathogen and Microbiome Institute Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizonaUSA environmental Studies Program University of Colorado at BoulderBoulderColoradoUSA

Yersinia pestis,causative agent of plague,occurs throughout the western United States in rodent populations and periodically causes epizootics in susceptible species,including black-tailed prairie dogs(Cynomys ludovicianus).How *** persists long-term in the environment between these epizootics is poorly understood but multiple mechanisms have been proposed,including,among others,a separate enzootic transmission cycle that maintains *** without involvement of epizootic hosts and persistence of *** within epizootic host populations without causing high mortality within those *** live-trapped and collected fleas from black-tailed prairie dogs and other mammal species from sites with and without black-tailed prairie dogs in 2004 and 2005 and tested all fleas for presence of *** was not detected in 2126 fleas collected in 2004 but was detected in 294 fleas collected from multiple sites in 2005,before and during a widespread epizootic that drastically reduced black-tailed prairie dog populations in the affected *** and spatial patterns of *** occurrence in fleas and genotyping of *** present in some infected fleas suggest *** was introduced multiple times from sources outside the study area and once introduced,was dispersed between several *** conclude *** likely was not present in these black-tailed prairie dog colonies prior to epizootic activity in these *** we did not identify likely enzootic hosts,we found evidence that deer mice(Peromyscus maniculatus)may serve as bridging hosts for *** between unknown enzootic hosts and black-tailed prairie dogs.

关键词： black-tailed prairie dog Cynomys ludovicianus plague prairie dogs Yersinia pestis

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《晚期癌症患者呼吸困难处理:美国临床肿瘤学会指南》解读

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协和医学杂志 2024年第1期15卷 52-57页

作者：贾之萌 colman rebecca 宁晓红哈佛大学医学院全球健康与社会医学系美国马萨诸塞州波士顿市MA 02138 多伦多西奈山医院Temmy Latner姑息关怀中心加拿大多伦多市M5S 2E8 多伦多大学家庭与社区医学系加拿大多伦多市M5S 2E8 多伦多大学大学健康网络医学系加拿大多伦多市M5S 2E8 中国医学科学院北京协和医院老年医学科北京100730 中国医学科学院北京协和医院缓和医学中心北京100730

呼吸困难是一种自觉症状,其给晚期癌症患者带来了巨大痛苦。有效评估和处理晚期癌症患者的呼吸困难是一线临床医生和专业护理人员应具备的核心能力,中国目前尚缺乏此方面的规范处理流程。基于循证医学证据,美国临床肿瘤学会发布了“晚... 详细信息

呼吸困难是一种自觉症状,其给晚期癌症患者带来了巨大痛苦。有效评估和处理晚期癌症患者的呼吸困难是一线临床医生和专业护理人员应具备的核心能力,中国目前尚缺乏此方面的规范处理流程。基于循证医学证据,美国临床肿瘤学会发布了“晚期癌症呼吸困难处理实践指南”,该指南针对晚期癌症患者给出了呼吸困难评估和分级处理策略。本文结合中国国情,旨在对该指南中的关键内容进行详细解读,以期为中国的临床实践提供指导和借鉴。

关键词：晚期癌症呼吸困难缓和医疗指南解读

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Rational molecular design of efficient yellow-red dendrimer TADF for solution-processed OLeDs: a combined effect of substitution position and strength of the donors

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1613-1623页

作者： Changfeng Si Dianming Sun Tomas Matulaitis David B.Cordes Alexandra M.Z.Slawin eli Zysman-colman Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsKY169STUK

The development of high-performance solution-processed red organic light-emitting diodes(OLeDs) remains a challenge,particularly in terms of maintaining efficiency at high luminance. Here, we designed and synthesized four novel orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) dendrimers that are solution-processable: 2GCz BP, 2DPACz BP, 2FBP2GCz and 2FBP2DPACz. We systematically investigated the effect of substitution position and strength of donors on the optoelectronic properties. The reverse intersystem crossing rate constant(kRISC) of the emitters having donors substituted at positions 11and 12 of the dibenzo[a,c]phenazine(BP) is more than 10-times faster than that of compounds substituted having donors substituted at positions 3 and 6. Compound 2DPACz BP, containing stronger donors than 2GCz BP, exhibits a red-shifted emission and smaller singlet-triplet energy splitting, Δe_(ST), of 0.01 e V. The solution-processed OLeD with 10 wt% 2DPACz BP doped in m CP emitted at 640 nm and showed a maximum external quantum efficiency(eQe_(max)) of 7.8%, which was effectively maintained out to a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2. Such a device's performance at relevant display luminance is among the highest for solution-processed red TADF OLeDs. The efficiency of the devices was improved significantly by using 4Cz IPN as an assistant dopant in a hyperfluorescence(HF) configuration, where the 2DPACz BP HF device shows an eQemaxof 20.0% at λeL of 605 nm and remains high at 11.8% at a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2, which makes this device one of the highest efficiency orange-to-red HF SP-OLeDs to date.

关键词： thermally activated delayed fluorescence solution-processing red OLeDs dibenzo[a,c]phenazine dendrimers

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Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Linked to Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma:A VA Matched Cohort Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第5期12卷 534-538页

作者： Shalini Bansal Tamar Taddei rebecca Wells Marina Serper Theresa Bittermann Nadim Mahmud David e.Kaplan Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Corporal Michael J.Crescenz VA Medical Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA VA Connecticut Healthcare System West HavenCTUSA

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common primary tumor of the liver and often evolves from regenerating nodules in liver *** there have been significant advances in the treatment of HCC,the overall prognosis in patients with a large tumor burden,vascular invasion,or extrahepatic spread remains poor.1 The magnitude of liver stiffness in cirrhosis has been consistently associated with an increased risk of development of HCC.

关键词： Carcinoma invasion cirrhosis

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Temporal variability and sources of PFAS in the Rio Grande,New Mexico through an arid urban area using multiple tracers and highfrequency sampling

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emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 205-220页

作者： Kimberly R.Beisner rebecca e.Travis David A.Alvarez Larry B.Barber Jacob A.Fleck Jeramy R.Jasmann U.S.Geological Survey 6700 Edith Blvd NEAlbuquerqueNM87113USA U.S.Geological Survey 4200 New Haven RoadColumbiaMO65201USA U.S.Geological Survey 3215 Marine St.BoulderCO80303USA U.S.Geological Survey 6000 J St.Placer Hall.SacramentoCA95819USA

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are ubiquitous in the environment but sources are not well defined for temporal and spatial aspects within an urban environment,and especially for an arid urban environment subject to seasonal short term high-intensity precipitation events.A focused diel sampling was conducted in the summer of 2021 to assess the temporal and spatial variability of PFAS in the Rio Grande near Albuquerque,New Mexico and showed an order of magnitude increase of PFAS as it flows through the Albuquerque urban *** samples were collected at two different locations on the Rio Grande in addition to wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)effluent that discharges directly to the Rio Grande between the sampling ***-term high-intensity precipitation events occurred during the study period and mobilized PFAS from urban *** organic matter composed of tryptophan-like organic substances and refined fuel and fuel byproducts,characteristic of an urban signature,were also related to the precipitation *** PFAS in discharge from the WWTP was consistent over a 24-h period with slight differences in some *** presence on the Rio Grande downstream of the WWTP was evidenced by a gadolinium anomaly as well as increases in several other trace elements,total dissolved nitrogen,and fluorescence indicators,in addition to *** varied depending on source contribution,where urban runoff was associated with PFOA,PFOS,and PFBA,whereas PFHxA and PFPeA were associated with wastewater *** addition,passive polar organic chemical integrative samplers(POCIS)using hydrophilic-lipid balance(HLB)sorption media were deployed for a month at two locations on the Rio Grande to assess longer term PFAS *** POCIS results show some compounds(PFPeA and PFHpA)were greater than the average concentration from discrete samples,whereas other compounds(PFHxA,PFOA,PFDA,and PFNA)were lower in the POCIS,and PFOS was very simila

关键词： wastewater Rio runoff

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enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared M.Wohlgemut Max e.R.Marsden erhan Pisirir evangelia Kyrimi rebecca S.Stoner William Marsh Zane B.Perkins Nigel R.M.Tai Centre for Trauma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of electronic engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent systematic reviewaArtificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on machine learning(ML)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury Blood transfusion Massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence Machine learning

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Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： Martin William Battle Scott Fraser ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.edgeworth rebecca Bindbeutel Rea LAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew Alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅻ:family medicine and the healthcare system

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 109-118页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Jeannette e South-Paul Kendall M Campbell Aerial R Petty Hima ekanadham Kurt C Stange rebecca S etz William L Miller Robert L Ferrer Marianna Kong Thomas Bodenheimer Roger Strasser Sharon C M Reece Joshua Freeman John M Westfall Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Meharry Medical College NashvilleTennesseeUSA Family Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston School of MedicineGalvestonTexasUSA Family Medicine Residency Program New York-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Center for Family and Community Medicine Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA Center for Community Health Integration Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Family Medicine and Population Health Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA Family Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine TampaFloridaUSA Family and Community Medicine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA Family and Community Medicine University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Northern Ontario School of Medicine University SudburyOntarioCanada Family Medicine Baylor Scott and White HealthTempleTexasUSA Family Medicine University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKansasUSA DARTNet Insitute AuroraColoradoUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅻ:Family medicine and the future of the healthcare system’,authors address the following themes:‘Leadership in family medicine’,‘Becoming an academic family physician’,‘Advocare—our call to act’,‘The paradox of primary care and three simple rules’,‘The quadruple aim—melding the patient and the health system’,‘Fit-for-purpose medical workforce’,‘Universal healthcare—coverage for all’,‘The futures of family medicine’and‘The 100th essay.’May readers of these essays feel empowered to be part of family medicine’s exciting future.

关键词： system illustration family

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Intracranial pressure is elevated at 24h post-stroke inmice

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Neuroprotection 2024年第1期2卷 60-64页

作者： Kirby e.Warren rebecca J.Hood Fredrick R.Walker Neil J.Spratt School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy University of NewcastleCallaghanAustralia Hunter Medical Research Institute NewLambton HeightsAustralia School of Biomedicine Discipline of Anatomy and PathologyFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewLambton HeightsAustralia

Background:It has long been assumed that post-stroke intracranial pressure(ICP)elevation occurs because of large infarct and edema ***,we have repeatedly shown IcP elevation at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of little to no edema in *** processes are often conserved across species and types of ***,we aimed to determine if an ICP rise occurs at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of small infarct and edema volumes in ***:Mice were randomized by random number table to either photothrombotic stroke or sham surgery(n=15).epidural ICP was recorded using a fiber optic catheter at 1 h post-stroke(baseline)and between 23 and ***:ICP was significantly higher at 24 h compared to baseline in stroke animals(n=6;10.71±6.45mmHg vs.3.74±2.20mmHg,respec-tively;p=0.03).ICP at 24 h was also significantly higher in stroke mice compared to sham(n=6;3.45±1.43mmHg;p=0.02).There was no change in ICP in sham mice(p=0.9).edema volumes in stroke animals were small(0.04±0.04 mm3)and unlikely to have caused significant ICP ***:This study provides evidence of an edema-independent ICP elevation following small ischemic stroke in *** occurrence of this rise supports our findings in other species and suggests it is caused by a previously undescribed mechanism.

关键词： cerebraledema intracranial pressure ischemic stroke

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Insights into kidney stem cell development and regeneration using zebrafish

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第2期8卷 22-31页

作者： Bridgette e Drummond rebecca A Wingert Department of Biological Sciences Center for Zebrafish ResearchCenter for Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Notre Dame

Kidney disease is an escalating global health problem,for which the formulation of therapeutic approaches using stem cells has received increasing research *** complexity of kidney anatomy and function,which includes the diversity of renal cell types,poses formidable challenges in the identification of methods to generate replacement *** work using the zebrafish has revealed their high capacity to regenerate the integral working units of the kidney,known as nephrons,following acute ***,we discuss these findings and explore the ways that zebrafish can be further utilized to gain a deeper molecular appreciation of renal stem cell biology,which may uncover important clues for regenerative medicine.

关键词： Kidney Renal stem cell Renal progenitor Regeneration Nephron Blood filter Renal corpuscle Tubule

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