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Time till death affects spider mobility and web-building behavior during web construction in an orb-web spider

Current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 123-130页

作者： Mylene ANOTAUX Camille TOSCANI raymond LEBORGNE Nicolas CHALINE Alain PASQUET Faculte des Sciences et Technologies Universite de Lorraine 54506 Vandoeuvre Nancy France Ecole nationale veterinaire d'Alfort Universite Paris-Est UMR 7179 CNRS MNHN Maisons-Alfort F-94704 France Laboratoire d'Ethologie Experimentale et Comparee EA 4443 Universite Paris 13 99 avenue J.B. Clement 93430 Villetaneuse France Faculte des Sciences et Technologies Universite de Lorraine CNRS UR AFPA. B.P. 239 54506 Vandoeuvre Nancy France

It is well known that age influences organism mobility. This was demonstrated in vertebrates （such as mammals and birds） but has been less studied in invertebrates with the exception of Drosophila and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we studied the influence of age on the mobility of the orb-weaving spider Zygiella x-notata during web construction. The orb-web is a good model because it has a characteristic geometrical structure and video tracking can be used to easily follow the spider＇s movements during web building. We investigated the influence of age （specifically chronological age, life span, and time till death） on different parameters of spider mobility during the construction of the capture spiral （distance traveled, duration of construction, spider velocity, spider movement, and spider inactivity） with a generalized linear model （GLM） procedure adjusted for the spider mass. The re- sults showed that neither chronological age, nor life span affected the mobility parameters. However, when the time till death decreased, there was a decrease in the distance traveled, the duration of the construction of the capture spiral, and the spider movement. The spider velocity and the time of inactivity were not affected. These results could be correlated with a decrease in the length of the silky thread deposited for the construction of the capture spiral. Spiders with a shorter time till death built smaller web using less silk. Thus, our study suggests strongly that time till death affects spider mobility during web construction but not the chronological age and thus may be a good indicator of senescence.

关键词： ageing behaviors orb-web construction spider mobility Zygiella x-notata.

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Molecular Advances in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2003年第4期1卷 247-262页

作者： raymond Kin Hi Hui raymond Tsz Yeung Wong Chi Wai Yip Frederick Chi Ching Leung Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.Department of Zoology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.

The sudden outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 prompted the establishment of a global scientific network subsuming most of the traditional rivalries in the competitive field of virology. Within months of the SARS outbreak, collaborative work revealed the identity of the disastrous pathogen as SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). However, although the rapid identifi-

关键词： severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV genome phylogenetics human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system molecular epidemiology

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Progress of Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE) Mission

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空间科学学报 2018年第5期38卷 657-661页

作者： WANG Chi BRANDUARDI-raymond Graziella State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of Sciences Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College

SMILE(Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer) mission is a joint ESA-CAS space science project. The working orbit is a 19 Re 5000 km HEO with 4 scientific instruments: Soft X-ray Imager(SXI), Ultra-Violet Imager(UVI), Magnetometer(MAG) and Light Ion Analyzer(LIA). SMILE aims to understand the interaction between the solar wind and the Earth's magnetosphere through the images of SXI and UVI and in-situ measurement from LIA and MAG. After the kick-off in 2016, the SMILE project went to Phase A study. The mission adoption is scheduled for November 2018, with a target launch date in 2022–*** this paper, the background of the mission, scientific objectives, the design and characteristics of scientific instruments and the mission outline will be introduced in details.

关键词：磁气圈电离层太阳连接科学工程科学仪器离子分析器 SMILE

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The Strengths and Weaknesses of Conceptual Metaphor Theory： A View from Cognitive Science

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外国语 2008年第2期31卷 2-12页

作者： raymond W. Gibbs, jr. Department of Psychology University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

A major revolution in the study of metaphor occurred over 25 year ago with the introduction of "conceptual metaphor theory." Unlike previous theories of metaphor and metaphorical meaning,conceptual metaphor theory,or CMT,proposed that metaphor is not just an aspect of language,but also a fundamental part of human ***,most metaphorical language arises from pre-existing patterns of metaphorical thought or conceptual *** paper provides a brief overview of the linguistic and psychological evidence supporting CMT and describes some of the criticisms of CMT offered by various scholars within cognitive *** of CMT must address these weaknesses in the theory,while critics must acknowledge the strengths of CMT as metaphor scholars from all academic fields work toward a comprehensive theory of metaphoric language and thought.

关键词：隐喻思想认知概念性

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Inhibition of Mahkota Dewa(Phaleria macrocarpa) bioactive fraction on proliferation of human retinoblastoma tumor cells Y-79 through suppression of mRNA level of cyclin E

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第4期7卷 280-287页

作者： Nugroho Trilaksana Ignatius Riwanto raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata Reki Winarto Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineDiponegoro University Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineDiponegoro University Division of Molecular Pharmacology and Phytochemistry Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular SciencesDexa Medica Group

Objective: To prove the molecular mechanisms of Mahkota Dewa(Phaleria macrocarpa) in suppressing proliferation of human retinoblastoma cells through suppression of cell cycle's gene-regulators ***: In this study, the molecular mechanism of anti-tumor effect of fractioned extract of Phaleria macrocarpa(DLBS1425) in human retinoblastoma cells Y-79 was investigated by measuring the tumor cells viability, the assessment of population profiles of tumor cells in the cell cycle, and the mRNA concentration of p16, p21, p53, cyclin D,cyclin E, and E2 ***: DLBS1425 showed an inhibition effects towards proliferation of Y-79 cell *** of proliferation was shown by suppression of cell cycle ***1425 downregulated cyclin E, a G1 phase regulator gene of cell cycle, in dosedependent manner without affecting p53–p21 *** the other word, DLBS1425 inhibits cell proliferation through suppression of cyclin E independently towards conventional proliferation ***: Our results suggest that DLBS1425 is a potential anticancer agent which targets genes involved in cell proliferation in human retinoblastoma cells which make it pharmacologically ideal for the prevention and/or treatment of retinoblastoma cancer.

关键词： Phaleria macrocarpa Mahkota Dewa DLBS1425 Retinoblastoma Cyclin E Cell cycle

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Nutritional quality of formulated complementary diet from defatted almond seed,yellow maize and quality protein maize flours

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 229-240页

作者： Ade raymond Adesanmi Sunday Abiodun Malomo Tayo Nathaniel Fagbemi Ekiti State Primary Health Care Development Agency Ado EkitiNigeria Department of Food Science and Technology Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Traditional complementary foods are mainly starchy foods with limiting nutrient quality and can be fortified using protein rich crops like almond *** research thus aimed at investigating the nutritional quality of the formulated complementary diet from locally available almond seeds(Prunus amygdalus),high quality protein(QPM)and yellow maize after blending into *** proximate and amino acid compositions,in vitro protein qualities and functional properties of the blended flours were determined using standard *** in vivo studies involved feeding the weanling Wister albino rats with blended flours and commercial Cerelac(control),followed by hematological and histopathological determinations,while sensory attributes were evaluated by the semi-trained *** protein contents of the flour blends(24–28%)were significantly(p<0.05)better with adequate indispensable amino acids and improved functionalities than commercial cerelac(23%).Comparatively,the dried germinated QPM(DGQPM)has significant(p<0.05)higher biological value(~37%)than fermented high QPM(FHQPM)(~30%),thereby indicating that the germination process improved protein quality of the ***,the in vivo data showed a positive effect of germination process as the rats fed with DGQPM has low white blood cells(30×10^(2))compared to FHQPM(42×10^(2))and cerelac(51×10^(2)).However,the fermentation process improved the packed cell volume of rats fed with FHQPM(49%)when compared to DGQPM and cerelac(47%).The formulated diets have no negative effects on the protein content(45.19–51.88 mg N/g)and weight(0.25–1.36 g)of the internal organs(liver,kidney and tissue)of the animals when compared to cerelac(53.72–55.04 mg N/g;0.25–1.98 g),*** panelists generally accepted all the formulated diets,hence encouraging their utilization in the global preparation of complimentary foods for young children to meet their nutritional needs and adding value to the locally produced underutilized alm

关键词： Quality protein Yellow maize Almond seed Nutrient composition Complementary

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Prevalence of Careers in Psychology Courses at American Universities

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考试与评价（大学英语四级考试版） 2009年第11期 37-38页

作者： raymond j. Green

大学不仅要开设普通的心理学课程，而且还要在心理学课程里加入有关将来职业规划的课题，这是社会经济结构发展要求大学成为职业训练和准备基地的必然结果。美国的一些研究表明，开设此类课题的意义重大，有助于大学生储备与将来职业相... 详细信息

大学不仅要开设普通的心理学课程，而且还要在心理学课程里加入有关将来职业规划的课题，这是社会经济结构发展要求大学成为职业训练和准备基地的必然结果。美国的一些研究表明，开设此类课题的意义重大，有助于大学生储备与将来职业相关的知识，有助于大学生在毕业之后找到较好的工作……

关键词：高校英语课外阅读阅读材料

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Geochemistry of eclogites of the Tso Morari complex, Ladakh, NW Himalayas:Insights into trace element behavior during subduction and exhumation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 811-826页

作者： Mallika K.jonnalagadda Nitin R.Karmalkar raymond A.Duraiswami Department of Geology Savitribai Phule Pune University

Whole rock major and trace element compositions of seven eclogites from the Tso Morari ultra-high pressure(UHP) complex, Ladakh were determined with the aim of constraining the protolith origins of the subducted crust. The eclogites have major element compositions corresponding to sub-alkaline basalts. Trace element characteristics of the samples show enrichment in LILE's over HFSEs(Rb, Th, K except Ba) with LREE enrichments((La/Lu)n = 1.28-5.96). Absence of Eu anomaly on the Primitive Mantle normalized diagram suggests the absence of plagioclase fractionation. Positive correlation between Mg# with Ni and Cr suggests olivine fractionation of mantle melts. Narrow range of(La/Yb)n(2.1-9.4) and Ce/Yb(6.2-16.2) along with Ti/Y(435-735) ratios calculated for the Tso Morari samples is consistent with generation of melts by partial melting of a garnet free mantle source within the spinel peridotite field. Ternary diagrams(viz. Ti-Zr-Y and Nb-Zr-Y) using immobile and incompatible elements show that the samples range from depleted to enriched and span from within plate basalts(WPB)to enriched MORB(E-MORB) indicating that the eclogite protoliths originated from basaltic *** Mantle normalized multi element plots showing significant Th and LREE enrichment marked by negative Nb anomalies are characteristic of continental flood basalts. Positive Pb, negative Nb, high Th/Ta, a narrow range of Nb/La and the observed wide variation for Ti/Y indicate that the Tso Morari samples have undergone some level of crustal contamination. Observed geochemical characteristics of the Tso Morari samples indicate tholeiitic compositions originated from enriched MORB(E-MORB) type magmas which underwent a limited magmatic evolution through the process of fractional crystallization and probably more by crustal contamination. Observed geochemical similarities(viz. Zr, Nb, La/Yb, La/Gd,La/Nb, Th/Ta ratios and REE) between Tso Morari eclogites and the Group I Panjal Traps make the trap basa

关键词： Trace elements UHP metamorphism Protolith Eclogites Tso Morari Ladakh

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Effect of growing media and their constituents on fungus gnat, Bradysia sp, nr, coprophila （Lintner） adults

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Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 467-475页

作者： raymond A. CLOYD AMY DICKINSON RICHARD A. LARSON KAREN A. MARLEY Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas Division of Biodiversity and Ecological Entomology Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign Illinois University of Illinois Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Urbana Illinois USA

This study was conducted to determine the attractiveness of two growing media, commonly utilized in greenhouses, to fungus gnat, Bradysia sp. nr. coprophila adults. The constituents of the most attractive growing medium tested were determined by gas chromatography analysis using a steam-distillation procedure. We found that fungus gnat adults were more attracted to the growing medium, SB300 Universal Professional Growing Mix, which contains composted bark, than to another growing medium （Sunshine LC1 Mix） and their components when tested in a series of laboratory experiments using multiple-choice experimental arenas. A higher percentage of fungus gnat adults were attracted to moist SB300 （92%） than SB300 growing medium that had been oven dried （8%）. In addition, fungus gnat adults preferred SB300 although they had been reared on Sunshine LC1 Mix. When comparing the SB300 fresh from the bag to growing medium that had been pasteurized and moistened with water, gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic data showed there were declines in several terpenoid constituents as well as an increase in fatty acids and cyclosulfur. The results of this study indicate that B. sp. nr. coprophila adults prefer certain growing media, which may assist greenhouse producers in managing fungus gnats in crop production systems.

关键词： Attraction fungus gnats growing medium pest management preference,steam distillation

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Effects of Fe(II) on anammox community activity and physiologic response

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 113-123页

作者： jing Ding Wanyi Seow jizhong Zhou raymond jianxiong Zeng jun Gu Yan Zhou Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre Nanyang Environment and Water Research InstituteNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637141Singapore School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Centre of Wastewater Resource Recovery College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Earth and Environmental Sciences Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Though there are many literatures studying the effects of iron on anammox process,these studies only focus on the reactor performance and/or the microbial community changes,the detailed effects and mechanisms of Fe(II)on anammox bacterial activity and physiology have not been *** this study,four Fe(II)concentrations(0.03,0.09,0.12 and 0.75 mmol/L)were employed into the enriched anammox *** enhancement and inhibition effects of Fe(II)on anammox process and bacterial physiology were *** was discovered that the anammox process and bacterial growth were enhanced by 0.09 and 0.12 mmol/L Fe(II),in which the 0.12 mmol/L Fe(II)had advantage in stimulating the total anammox activity and bacterial abundance,while 0.09 mmol/L Fe(II)enhanced the relative anammox activity *** anammox activity could be inhibited by 0.75 mmol/L Fe(II)immediately,while the inhibition was *** 0.09 and 0.12 mmol/L Fe(II)induced more genes being expressed,while didn’t show a stimulation on the relative expression level of functional *** anammox bacteria showed a stress response to detoxify the Fe inhibition once inhibited by 0.75 mmol/L Fe(II).This study provides more information about physiologic response of anammox bacteria to external influence(enhancement and inhibition),and may also instruct the future application of anammox process in treating various sources of wastewater(containing external disturbances such as heavy metals)and/or different treatment strategies(*** side-stream to main-stream).

关键词： Anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox) Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis Ferrous iron GeoChip

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