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Impacts of climate change on hydrology,water quality and crop productivity in the Ohio-Tennessee River Basin

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 36-53页

作者： Yiannis Panagopoulos Philip w.Gassman raymond w.arritt Daryl E.Herzmann Todd D.Campbell Adriana Valcu Manoj K.Jha Catherine L.Kling Raghavan Srinivasan Michael white Jeffrey G.Arnold Center for Agricultural and Rural Development(CARD) Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011-1070USA Department of Agronomy 2104 Agronomy HallIowa State UniversityAmes IA 50011-1010USA Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering456 McNair HallNorth Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNC 27411USA Departments of Ecosystem Sciences and Management and Biological and Agricultural Engineering 1500 Research ParkwaySuite B223220 TAMUTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-2120USA Grassland Soil and water Research Laboratory U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service808 East Blackland RoadTempleTX 76502USA

Nonpoint source pollution from agriculture is the main source of nitrogen and phosphorus in the stream systems of the Corn Belt region in the Midwestern *** eastern part of this region is comprised of the Ohio-Tennessee River Basin(OTRB),which is considered a key contributing area for water pollution and the Northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone.A point of crucial importance in this basin is therefore how intensive corn-based cropping systems for food and fuel production can be sustainable and coexist with a healthy water environment,not only under existing climate but also under climate change conditions in the *** address this issue,a OTRB integrated modeling system has been built with a greatly refined 12-digit subbasin structure based on the Soil and water Assessment Tool(SwAT)water quality model,which is capable of estimating landscape and in-stream water and pollutant yields in response to a wide array of alternative cropping and/or management strategies and climatic *** effects of three agricultural management scenarios on crop production and pollutant loads exported from the crop land of the OTRB to streams and rivers were evaluated:(1)expansion of continuous corn across the entire basin,(2)adoption of no-till on all corn and soybean fields in the region,(3)implementation of a winter cover crop within the baseline *** effects of each management scenario were evaluated both for current climate and projected mid-century(2046-2065)climates from seven global circulation models(GCMs).In both present and future climates each management scenario resulted in reduced erosion and nutrient loadings to surface water bodies compared to the baseline agricultural management,with cover crops causing the highest water pollution *** and soybean yields in the region were negligibly influenced from the agricultural management *** the other hand,both water quality and crop yield numbers under climate change deviated considerably f

关键词： agricultural management scenarios corn-based systems global circulation models hydrology water quality crop yields SwAT Ohio-Tennessee River Basin

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Network coding theory:An introduction

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2010年第3期5卷 363-390页

作者： raymond w.YEUNG Institute of Network Coding and Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

For a long time,store-and-forward had been the transport mode in network *** other words,information had been regarded as a commodity that only needs to be routed through the network,possibly with replication at the intermediate *** the late 1990’s,a new concept called network coding fundamentally changed the way a network can be *** the paradigm of network coding,information can be processed within the network for the purpose of *** was demonstrated that compared with store-and-forward,the network throughput can generally be increased by employing network *** then,network coding has made significant impact on different branches of information *** impact of network coding has gone as far as mathematics,physics,and *** expository work aims to be an introduction to this fast-growing subject with a detailed discussion of the basic theoretical results.

关键词： network coding network communications wireless communications cryptography

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The Strengths and weaknesses of Conceptual Metaphor Theory： A View from Cognitive Science

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外国语 2008年第2期31卷 2-12页

作者： raymond w. Gibbs, Jr. Department of Psychology University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

A major revolution in the study of metaphor occurred over 25 year ago with the introduction of "conceptual metaphor theory." Unlike previous theories of metaphor and metaphorical meaning,conceptual metaphor theory,or CMT,proposed that metaphor is not just an aspect of language,but also a fundamental part of human ***,most metaphorical language arises from pre-existing patterns of metaphorical thought or conceptual *** paper provides a brief overview of the linguistic and psychological evidence supporting CMT and describes some of the criticisms of CMT offered by various scholars within cognitive *** of CMT must address these weaknesses in the theory,while critics must acknowledge the strengths of CMT as metaphor scholars from all academic fields work toward a comprehensive theory of metaphoric language and thought.

关键词：隐喻思想认知概念性

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Triggering,clicking,locking and crepitus of the finger:A comprehensive overview

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world Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第10期14卷 733-740页

作者： Pieter w Jordaan raymond Klumpp Marco Zeppieri Department of Orthopaedic Garden Route Hand UnitGeorge 6530South Africa UOC Ortopedia e Traumatologia Ospedale Treviglio-Caravaggio ASSTBergamo Ovest 24047Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

Triggering,locking,clicking,and crepitus of the fingers are common symptoms patients present *** though crepitus and triggering can occur as part of the same underlying diagnosis,it is important to differentiate between them,as they usually indicate different possible *** differential diagnoses that should be considered include trigger finger,metacarpophalangeal joint(MCPJ)arthritis,fractures or dislocations,extensor digitorum communis subluxation or dislocation,locked MCPJ,avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head,and Dupuytren’s disease.A thorough clinical examination with appropriate special investigations can permit the clinician to make the correct *** management of a confirmed diagnosis is successful in providing symptomatic improvement.

关键词： Trigger finger Locking Crepitus Metacarpophalangeal joint Dislocation Differential diagnosis

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Landslide disaster prevention and mitigation through works in Hong Kong

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2013年第5期5卷 354-365页

作者： K.Y.Choi raymond w.M.Cheung Geotechnical Engineering Offce Civil Engineering and Development Department The Government of the Hong Kong SAR

Hong Kong has a high concentration of developments on hilly terrain in close proximity to man-made slopes and natural *** of the high seasonal rainfall,these man-made slopes and natural hillsides would pose a risk to the public as manifested by a death toll of 470 people due to landslides since the late *** 1977,the Government of the Hong Kong SAR embarked on a systematic programme,known as the Landslip Preventive Measure(LPM)Programme,to retroft substandard man-made *** 1977 to 2010,about 4500 substandard government man-made slopes have been upgraded through engineering *** the period,the Programme had evolved progressively in response to Government’s internal demand for continuous improvement and rising public expectation for slope *** 2010,the Government implemented the Landslip Prevention and Mitigation(LPMit)Programme to dovetail with the LPM Programme,with the focus on retroftting the remaining moderate-risk substandard man-made slopes and mitigating systematically the natural terrain landslide risk pursuant to the"react-to-known"hazard *** paper presents the evolution of the LPM and LPMit Programmes as well as the insight on landslide prevention and mitigation through engineering works.

关键词： Landslide Landslide prevention Landslide mitigation Landslide risk Man-made slopes Natural terrain

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Influence of individual tree characteristics,spatial structure and logging history on tree-related microhabitat occurrence in North American hardwood forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 357-372页

作者： Maxence Martin Patricia raymond Yan Boucher Département des Sciences fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi555boul.de l’UniversitéChicoutimiQuébec G7H 2B1Canada Institut de la recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue445boul.de l’UniversitéRouyn-NorandaQuébec J9X 5E4Canada Centre d'étude de la forêt Université du Québec à MontréalP.O.Box 8888Centre-ville StationMontréalQuébec H3C 3P8Canada Direction de la recherche forestière Ministère des Forêtsde la Faune et des Parcs(MFFP)2700rue EinsteinQuébecQuébec G1P 3W8Canada

Background:Tree-related microhabitats(hereafter,"TreMs")are key components of forest biodiversity but they are still poorly known in North American hardwood *** spatial patterns of living trees bearing TreMs(hereafter,"TreM-trees")also remain to be *** logging practices can lead to a loss of TreM-trees and of their associated biodiversity,it is essential to identify the factors explaining TreM occurrence to better integrate them into forest *** therefore inventoried TreMs in 40.5-ha survey strips in northern hardwood forests in Quebec,Canada,while recording the spatial location of each *** strips were located in unmanaged oldgrowth forests,and 2 were in forests managed under selection *** 4 stands were dominated by sugar maple(Acer saccharum Marsh.)and American beech(Fagus grandifolia Ehrn.).Beech bark disease,an exotic pathology,was observed in all the ***:Large diameter at breast height and low tree vigor were the main characteristics explaining the presence of TreMs at the tree ***-trees presented slight spatial aggregation *** aggregates,however,were not well-defined and were generally constituted by a large number of trees bearing few different types of *** TreM classes(broken branch or top and woodpecker lodge)also presented a spatial *** practices had no significant effect on TreM *** bark disease increased the frequency of senescent *** impact of this pathology on TreMs was however mitigated by the small size of infected trees and probably by the short time elapsed since its ***:The factors explaining the presence and abundance of TreMs on trees has so far been little studied in North American hardwood *** results highlight that TreM-tree characteristics in the surveyed forests are consistent with those of previous studies conducted in other forest types and regions(e.g.,Europe or Northwestern America).To our knowledge,th

关键词： Habitat trees wildlife habitat Northern hardwoods Old-growth forest Selection cutting Ecosystembased management Biodiversity indicators Conservation Forest management

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Mechanical constraints in tumor guide emergent spatial patterns of glioblastoma cancer stem cells

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Mechanobiology in Medicine 2024年第1期2卷 67-76页

作者： Ngoc Luu Shuhao Zhang raymond H.w.Lam weiqiang Chen Department of Biomedical Engineering New York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering New York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Centre for Biosystems Neuroscienceand NanotechnologyCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute ShenzhenChina Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone HealthNew YorkUSA

The mechanical constraints in the overcrowding glioblastoma(GBM)microenvironment have been implicated in the regulation of tumor heterogeneity and disease ***,such mechanical cues can alter cellular DNA transcription and give rise to a subpopulation of tumor cells called cancer stem cells(CSCs).These CSCs with stem-like properties are critical drivers of tumorigenesis,metastasis,and treatment ***,the biophysical and molecular machinery underlying the emergence of CSCs in tumor remained *** work employed a two-dimensional micropatterned multicellular model to examine the impact of mechanical constraints arisen from geometric confinement on the emergence and spatial patterning of CSCs in GBM *** study identified distinct spatial distributions of GBM CSCs in different geometric patterns,where CSCs mostly emerged in the peripheral *** spatial pattern of CSCs was found to correspond to the gradients of mechanical stresses resulted from the interplay between the cell-ECM and cell–cell interactions within the confined *** mechanistic study highlighted a Piezo1-RhoA-focal adhesion signaling axis in regulating GBM cell mechanosensing and the subsequent CSC phenotypic *** findings provide new insights into the biophysical origin of the unique spatial pattern of CSCs in GBM tumor and offer potential avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Glioblastoma Cancer stem cell Mechanotransduction Traction force Piezo1

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GM604 regulates developmental neurogenesis pathways and the expression of genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2018年第1期7卷 322-345页

作者： william R.Swindell Krzysztof Bojanowski Mark S.Kindy raymond M.w.Chau Dorothy Ko Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Ohio UniversityAthensOHUSA Sunny BioDiscovery IncSanta PaulaCAUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of South FloridaTampaFLUSA James A.Haley VAMC TampaFLUSA Genervon Biopharmaceuticals LLC PasadenaCAUSA

Background:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is currently an incurable disease without highly effective pharmacological *** peptide drug GM604(GM6 or Alirinetide)was developed as a candidate ALS therapy,which has demonstrated safety and good drug-like properties with a favorable pharmacokinetic ***6 is hypothesized to bolster neuron survival through the multi-target regulation of developmental pathways,but mechanisms of action are not fully ***:This study used RNA-seq to evaluate transcriptome responses in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells following GM6 treatment(6,24 and 48 h).Results:we identified 2867 protein-coding genes with expression significantly altered by GM6(FDRwith increased expression of developmental genes mediating neurogenesis and axon *** GM6 treatment(24 and 48 h)altered the expression of genes contributing to cell adhesion and the extracellular ***6 further down-regulated the expression of genes associated with mitochondria,inflammatory responses,mRNA processing and chromatin ***6-increased genes were located near GC-rich motifs interacting with C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors,whereas GM6-decreased genes were located near AT-rich motifs associated with helix-turn-helix homeodomain *** motifs interacted with a diverse network of transcription factors encoded by GM6-regulated genes(STAT3,HOXD11,HES7,GLI1).we identified 77 ALS-associated genes with expression significantly altered by GM6 treatment(FDRwhich were known to function in neurogenesis,axon guidance and the intrinsic apoptosis ***:Our findings support the hypothesis that GM6 acts through developmental-stage pathways to influence neuron *** expression responses were consistent with neurotrophic effects,ECM modulation,and activation of the Notch and hedgehog neurodevelopmental *** multif

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Extracellular matrix,Hedgehog Huntington’s disease Neurodegenerative disease Notch,Parkinson’s disease RNA-seq Transcriptome

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SIMULATING THE IMPACTS OF INDOOR VERTICAL FLOw CONSTRUCTED wETLANDS ON HVAC PERFORMANCE USING eQUEST AT HAMPSHIRE COLLEGE’S *** CENTER

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第2期13卷 123-144页

作者： Matthew raymond Sarah Hews Christina Cianfrani School of Natural Science Hampshire CollegeAmherst MA Hydrology School of Natural ScienceHampshire CollegeAmherst MA

INTRODUCTION Hampshire College,in Amherst,Massachusetts,is taking part in the green building movement with the construction of the *** Center,which opened in the spring of *** building was certified to meet the Living Building Challenge in spring 2018 and has satisfied building standards such as Net Zero energy and *** meet these standards,the design of the building employs solar photovoltaic panels,a rain water catchment and purification system,a greywater treatment system,storm water infiltration rain gardens,composting toilets,and control monitoring systems to make the building more efficient and decrease its harmful impacts on the environ*** greywater treatment system utilizes both indoor vertical flow constructed wetlands(VFCw)and an outdoor horizontal flow constructed wetland(HFCw)to filter greywater effluent from sinks and a coffee bar,meeting the requirement to treat and handle all wastewater generated on *** the VFCw system performance has been shown to be effective in exterior environments(Sklarz et al.,2009),its use inside a building requires scrutiny to verify that the adoption of this system does not affect the operation of essential building systems.

关键词： wastewater HVAC utilize

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Strain control of layer-resolved negative capacitance in superlattices

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 127-130页

作者： raymond walter Sergey Prosandeev Charles Paillard L.Bellaiche Department of Physics and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Department of Mathematical Sciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Identity Engineering Kinesso LLCConwayAR 72032USA Institute of Physics and Physics Department of Southern Federal University Rostov-na-Donu 344090Russia Laboratoire Structures Propriétés et Modélisation des SolidesCentraleSupélecUMR CNRS 8580UniversitéParis-Saclay91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Negative capacitance in BaTiO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) superlattices is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations in an atomistic effective Hamiltonian model,using fluctuation formulas for responses to the local macroscopic field that incorporates depolarizing *** show that epitaxial strain can tune the negative capacitance of the BaTiO_(3) ferroelectric layer and the overall capacitance of the *** addition,we predict and explain an original switching of the negative capacitance from the BaTiO3 layer to the SrTiO_(3) layer at low temperatures for intermediate strains.

关键词： capacitance layer resolved

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