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Formal modelling of list based dynamic memory allocators

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science China(Information sciences) 2018年第12期61卷 81-96页

作者： Bin FANG Mihaela sIGhIREANU Geguang PU Wen sU Jean-raymond ABRIAL Mengfei yang Lei QIAO shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University IRIF University Paris Diderot and CNRS school of Computer Engineering and science Shanghai University

Existing implementations of dynamic memory allocators(DMA) employ a large spectrum of policies and techniques. The formal specifications of these techniques are quite complicated in isolation and very complex when combined. Therefore, the formal reasoning on a specific DMA implementation is difficult for automatic tools and mostly single-use. This paper proposes a solution to this problem by providing formal models for a full class of DMA, the class using various kinds of lists to manage the memory blocks controlled by the DMA. To obtain reusable formal models and tractable formal reasoning, we organise these models in a hierarchy ranked by refinement relations. We prove the soundness of models and the refinement relations using the modeling framework Event-B and the theorem prover Rodin. We demonstrate that our hierarchy is a basis for an algorithm theory for list based DMA: it abstracts various existing implementations of DMA and leads to new DMA implementations. The applications of this formalisation include model-based code generation, testing, and static analysis.

关键词： dynamic memory allocators formal methods refinement Event-B Rodin model-based design

Fluidization and bubbling behavior of potash particles in a deep fluidized bed

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Particuology 2023年第9期80卷 103-114页

作者： Mojtaba Nabipoor hassankiadeh Jingsi yang Mark Berrey Dave Jordison Lifeng Zhang Donald Bergstrom raymond J.spiteri Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SaskatchewanSKS7N 5A9SaskatoonCanada The Mosaic Company Belle PlaineSKCanada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Department of Computer science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Most existing models for predicting bubble size and bubble frequency have been developed for freely bubbling fluidized *** prediction of bubbling behavior in deep fluidized beds,however,has been a challenge due to the higher degree of bubble coalescence and break up,high probability of the slugging regime,partial fluidization,and chaotic behavior in the bubbling *** this work,the bubbling and fluidization behavior of potash particles was investigated in a deep fluidized bed employing a twin-plane electrical capacitance tomography(ECT)*** volume fraction,average bubble velocity,average bubble diameter,and bubble frequency in both bubbling and slugging regimes were measured at two different bed height ratios(h/D=3.5 and h/D=3.78).This work is the first to illustrate a sequential view of bubbles at different superficial gas velocities in a fluidized *** results show that both the bubble diameter and rising velocity increased with increasing the superficial gas velocity for the two bed heights,with larger values observed in the deeper bed compared to the shallower *** values for bubble diameter,bubble rise velocity and bubble frequency from different models are compared with the experimental data obtained from the ECT system in this *** agreement has been achieved between the values predicted by the previous models and the experimental data for the bubble diameter and bubble rise velocity with an average absolute deviation of 16%and 15%for the bed height of 49 cm and 13%and 8%for the bed height of 53 cm,respectively.

关键词： Deep fluidized bed Potash particle Electrical capacitance tomography Image reconstruction Bubbling and slugging regime

Towards real-time detection of wastewater in surface waters using fluorescence spectroscopy

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2019年第12期31卷 195-202页

作者： Ye Z.yang Nicolas M.Peleato raymond L.Legge Robert C.Andrews Department of Ciuil and Mineral Engineering University of Toronto35 St.George St.TorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada school of Engineering Uniuersity of British Columbia Okanagan1137 Alwmni AueKeloiunaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave.WWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

The presence of municipal wastewater at the intake of a major drinking water treatment facility located on Lake Ontario was examined using fluorescence data collected during a period of continuous *** addition,controlled mixing of lake water and wastewater sampled from a local treatment facility were conducted using a bench-scale fluorescence system to quantify observed changes in natural organic *** linear regression was applied to components derived from parallel factors *** resulting mean absolute error for predicted wastewater level was 0.22%(V/V,wastewater/lake water),indicating that wastewater detection at below 1.0%(V/V)was *** of sucralose,a wastewater indicator,were conducted for treated wastewater as well as surface water collected at two intake locations on Lake *** suggested minimal wastewater contribution at the drinking water intake.A wastewater detection model using a moving baseline was developed and applied to continuous fluorescence data collected at one of the drinking water intakes,which agreed well with sucralose ***,the simulated addition of 1.0%(V/V)of wastewater/wastewater was detectable in 89%of samples analyzed,demonstrating the utility of fluorescence-based wastewater monitoring.

关键词： Excitation emission matrices Parallel factors analysis Natural organic matter source water monitoring Wastewater impact Water quality assessment

Low-dose testosterone replacement therapy and electrically evoked resistance training enhance muscle quality after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第8期16卷 1544-1545页

作者： raymond E.Lai Ashraf s.Gorgey spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical CenterPhysical Medicine and RehabilitationVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVIUSA

The current perspective is aimed to highlight the significance of adding low-dose testosterone replacement therapy(TRT) to electrically evoked resistance training(RT).Evoked RT is primarily designed to load the paralyzed lower extremity muscles to elicit muscle hypertrophy in persons with spinal cord injury(sCI)(Ryan et al.,2013;Gorgey et al.,2019).The rationale was based on previous work that indicated that highdose TRT is likely to enhance muscle quality。

关键词： TRT rational likely

Beyond COVID: Reframing the Global Problematique with sTiP (systems Thinking in Practice)

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2023年第1期32卷 1-15页

作者： raymond L.Ison IFsR(International Federation for systems Research)&Applied systems Thinking in Practice(AsTiP)Group School of Engineering&InnovationThe Open UniversityWalton HallUK

since 2019 humanity has been subjected to the perturbations of pandemic,economic disruption,war,civil unrest and changes in whole-Earth dynamics associated with a human-induced *** perturbation is like a wave-front breaking on the shore of our historical ways of thinking and acting,increasingly unfit for our human *** challenge to humanity is not *** 1970 the French term‘problematique’was coined to refer to a set of 49 interrelated global problems;the classic description of wicked and tame problems was published soon after,yet little progress has been made towards answering the question:what purposeful action will aid human flourishing,create and sustain a viable space for humanity,in our ongoing co-evolution with the Anthropocene-Biosphere?A case for innovation in our ways of knowing and doing is made based on arguments that our social world is constrained by:(i)explanations we accept that are no longer relevant to our circumstances;(ii)outdated historical institutions(in the institutional economics sense)that contribute as social technologies to a broader human created and ungoverned technosphere;(iii)inadequate theory-informed practices,or praxis,and(iv)governance-systems no longer adequate for *** of knowledge science and systems science are urged to act reflexively to critically evaluate the traditions-of-understanding out of which they think and act.

关键词： Cybersystemics governance systems reframing and framing critical social learning system

Flow behavior and deposition study of pollen-shape carrier particles in an idealized inhalation path model

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Particuology 2010年第1期8卷 51-59页

作者： Meer saiful hassan raymond Lau school of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering (sCBE) Nanyang Technological University (NTU)

Pollen-shape （spiked sphere） hydroxyapatite （hA） particles for drug carrier application are studied. The particle shape and size effect on flow characteristics and deposition are assessed. The pollen-shape hA particles are synthesized to have comparable size as typical carrier particles with mean diameter of 30-50 μm and effective density less than 0.3 g/cm^3. The flow behaviors of hA and commonly used lactose （LA） carrier particles are characterized by the Carr＇s compressibility index （CI）. The hA particles have lower CI than the LA particles for the same size range. The flow fields of hA and LA carrier particles are measured in an idealized inhalation path model using particle image velocimetry （PLY） technique. The particle streamlines indicate that a large portion of particles may deposit at the bending section due to inertial impaction and gravitational deposition. The flow field result shows that hA particles give smaller separation regions than the LA particles for the same size range. The pollen-shape hA particles are found to be able to follow the gas flow in the model and minimize undesired deposition. Deposition result confirms the bending section to have the most deposition. Deposition is found to be a function of particle properties. An empirical correlation is derived for the deposition efficiency of the pollen-shape particles as a function of particles stokes number.

关键词： Aerosol Fluid mechanics Multiphase flow Particle Powder technology Pulmonary drug delivery

Active Matter, Microreversibility, and Thermodynamics

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1921-1940页

作者： Pierre Gaspard raymond Kapral Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex systems UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles(U.L.B.)Code Postal 231Campus PlaineB-1050 BrusselsBelgium Chemical Physics Theory Group Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada M5S 3H6

Active matter,comprising many active agents interacting and moving in fluids or more complex environments,is a commonly occurring state of matter in biological and physical *** its very nature,active matter systems exist in nonequilibrium *** this paper,the active agents are small Janus colloidal particles that use chemical energy provided by chemical reactions occurring on their surfaces for propulsion through a diffusiophoretic *** a result of interactions among these colloids,either directly or through fluid velocity and concentration fields,they may act collectively to form structures such as dynamic clusters.A general nonequilibrium thermodynamics framework for the description of such systems is presented that accounts for both self-diffusiophoresis and diffusiophoresis due to external concentration gradients,and is consistent with *** predicts the existence of a reciprocal effect of diffusiophoresis back onto the reaction rate for the entire collection of colloids in the system,as well as the existence of a clustering instability that leads to nonequilibrium inhomogeneous system states.

关键词： mechanism nonequilibrium system

Evolutionary Optimization: Pitfalls and Booby Traps

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2012年第5期27卷 907-936页

作者： Thomas Weise raymond Chiong Ke Tang Nature Inspired Computation and Applications Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China Faculty of higher Education Swinburne University of Technology 50 Melba Avenue Lilydale Victoria 3140 Australia

Evolutionary computation （EC）, a collective name rithms, is one of the fastest-growing areas in computer science. for a range of metaheuristic black-box optimization algo- Many manuals and ＂how-to＇s on the use of different EC methods as well as a variety of free or commercial software libraries are widely available nowadays. however, when one of these methods is applied to a real-world task, there can be many pitfalls and booby traps lurking certain aspects of the optimization problem that may lead to unsatisfactory results even if the algorithm appears to be correctly implemented and executed, These include the convergence issues, ruggedness, deceptiveness, and neutrality in the fitness landscape, epistasis, non-separability, noise leading to the need for robustness, as well as dimensionality and scalability issues, among others. In this article, we systematically discuss these related hindrances and present some possible remedies. The goal is to equip practitioners and researchers alike with a clear picture and understanding of what kind of problems can render EC applications unsuccessful and how to avoid them from the start.

关键词： evolutionary computing problem difficulty optimization meta-heuristics

hydrogen Bonded 3D Molecular self Assembly Constructed from [(Ni(nicotinamide)_2(thiocyanate)_2(h_2O)_2] Complex showing spin Canted Anti-ferromagnetic Character

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Chinese Journal of structural Chemistry 2015年第5期34卷 777-785页

作者： Deepanjali Pandey shahid s.Narvi Gopal K.Mehrotra raymond J.Butcher Department of Chemistry Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Howard University

A new three-dimensional nickel（Ⅱ） hydrogen-bonded molecular self assembly containing [（Ni（nicotinamide）2（thiocyanate）2（h2O）2] complex has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIR spectroscopy,thermal analysis and magnetic *** analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in triclinic space group P1（crystal data a = 7.5574,b = 8.2683,c = 9.0056 A,α = 73.010,β = 69.698,γ = 66.51） and exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination *** interesting point in its structure is the involvement of sulphur atom of thiocyanate moiety in the trifurcated hydrogen bonding to build up the hydrogen-bonded self *** magnetic behavior as determined by squid magnetometer（2~300 K ***） reveals dominating antiferromagnetic interaction followed by spin canting behavior below 20 K.

关键词： hydrogen bonded 3D structure intermolecular magnetic interaction spin canting