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Insect Science 2011年第1期18卷 1-10页

作者： Andrew G. S. cuthbertson Lisa F. Blackburn Dominic P. Eyre raymond j.c. cannon judith Miller Phil Northing The Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton York UK

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius）（Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） remains a serious threat to crops worldwide. The damaging B-biotype is of specific economic concern because it is an effective vector of over 111 viruses from several fam- ilies, particularly geminiviruses. Bemisia tabaci is regularly intercepted on plants coming into the UK where it is subjected to a policy of eradication. The UK maintains Protective Zone status against this pest. A main pathway of entry of B. tabaci into the Protected Zone involves propagating material, especially Poinsettia （Euphorbia pulcherrima）. With increased insecticide resistance continuously being recorded, B. tabaci is becoming more difficult to control/eradicate. Recent research involving both entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi is showing much potential for the development of control programs for this pest. Both the nematode Steinernemafeltiae and the fungus Lecanicillium muscarium have been shown to be most effective against second instar B. tabaci. Fine-tuning of the environmental conditions required has also increased their efficacy. The entomopathogens have also shown a high level of compatibility with chemical insecticides, all increasing their potential to be incorporated into control strategies against B. tabaci.

关键词： biocontrol entomopathogenic nematodes entomopathogenic fungi insecticide resistance whitefly

Further compatibility tests of the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium with conventional insecticide products for control of sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci on poinsettia plants

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Insect Science 2008年第4期15卷 355-360页

作者： Andrew G. S. cuthbertson Lisa F. Blackburn Phil Northing Weiqi Luo raymond j. c. cannon Keith F. A. Waiters central Science Laboratory Sand Hutton York Y041 1LZ UK

The effect on spore germination of the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium following direct exposure for 24 h to the insecticides Majestik, Spray Oil, Agri- 50E, Savona and Oberon for the control of both egg and second instar stages of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, was determined. Exposure to both Agri-50E and Oberon was followed by acceptable spore germination. Infectivity rates ofL. muscarium on poinsettia foliage in the presence of dry residues of the insecticides were also investigated. No significant detrimental effects on the levels of control of B. tabaci were recorded compared with fungus applied to residue-free foliage. Sequential application of the chemicals Savona, Spray Oil and Majestik with the fungus all produced mortalities of second instar B. tabaci above 90%. Incorporation of these chemicals with L. muscarium into integrated control programs for B. tabaci is discussed.

关键词： entomopathogenic fungus integrated pest management insecticidecompatibility Lecanicillium muscarium

changes in Seasonal Patterns of Temperature and Precipitation in china During 1971-2000

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第3期24卷 459-473页

作者：宋连春 A.j.cannon P.H.WHITFIELD Institue of Arid Meteorology china Meteorological Administration Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of British columbia VancouverBritish Columbia V6T 1Z2Canada Meteorological Service of CanadaEnvironment Canada#201-401 Burrard Street VancouverBritish Columbia V6C 3S5Canada Meteorological Service of canada Environment canada #201-401 Burrard Street VancouverBritish Columbia V6C 3S5Canada

Many studies have shown evidence for significant changes in surface climate in different regions of the world and during different seasons over the past 100 years. Based on daily temperature and precipitation data from 720 climate stations in china, cluster analysis was used to identify regions in china that have experienced similar changes in the seasonal cycle of temperature and precipitation during the 1971-2000 climate normal period. Differences in 11-day averages of daily mean temperature and total precipitation between the first （1971-1985） and second （1986-2000） halves of the record were analyzed using the Mann- Whitney U test and the global κ-means clustering algorithm. Results show that most parts of china experienced significant increases in temperature between the two periods, especially in winter, although some of this warming may be attributable to the urban heat island effect in large cities. Most of western china experienced more precipitation in 1986-2000, while precipitation decreased in the Yellow River valley. changes in the summer monsoon were also evident, with decreases in precipitation during the onset and decay phases, and increases during the wettest period.

关键词： κ-means clustering seasonality trends temperature precipitation china

Allometric models for estimating aboveground biomass in the tropical woodlands of Ghana, West Africa

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 539-561页

作者： raymond Aabeyir Stephen Adu-Bredu Wilson Agyei Agyare Michael j.c.Weir Department of Environment and Resource Studies UDS-Wa CampusWaGhana WAScAL Graduate Research Programme on climate change and Land Use KNUSTKumasiGhana Biodiversity conservation and Ecosystem Division CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of GhanaKumasiGhana Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering KNUSTKumasiGhana Department of Natural Resources Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands

Background: Modelling aboveground biomass(AGB) in forest and woodland ecosystems is critical for accurate estimation of carbon stocks. However, scarcity of allometric models for predicting AGB remains an issue that has not been adequately addressed in Africa. In particular, locally developed models for estimating AGB in the tropical woodlands of Ghana have received little attention. In the absence of locally developed allometric models, Ghana will continue to use Tier 1 biomass data through the application of pantropic models. Without local allometric models it is not certain how Ghana would achieve Tier 2 and 3 levels under the United Nations programme for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. The objective of this study is to develop a mixedspecies allometric model for use in estimating AGB for the tropical woodlands in Ghana. Destructive sampling was carried out on 745 trees(as part of charcoal production) for the development of allometric equations. Diameter at breast height(dbh, i.e. 1.3 m above ground level), total tree height(H) and wood density(ρ) were used as predictors for the models. Seven models were compared and the best model selected based on model efficiency,bias(%) and corrected Akaike Information criterion. The best model was validated by comparing its results with those of the pantropic model developed by chave et al.(Glob chang Biol 20:3177–3190, 2014) using equivalence test and conventional paired ***: The results revealed that the best model for estimating AGB in the tropical woodlands is AGB =0.0580ρ((dbh)2 H)0.999. The equivalence test showed that this model and the pantropic model developed by chave et al.(Glob chang Biol 20:3177–3190, 2014) were equivalent within ±10% of their mean predictions(p-values cant level), while the paired t-test revealed that the mean(181.44 ± 18.25 kg) of the model predictions of the best model of this s

关键词： charcoal Diameter at breast height Tree height Wood density Savannah woodland

精神病临床高危人群的症状和功能改变:一项系统综述和三水平元分析

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心理科学进展 2025年第1期33卷 42-61页

作者：赵子卿余锦婷陈嘉彦王芸茹黄佳陈楚侨中国人民大学心理学系北京100872 北京体育大学心理学院北京100091 中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室神经心理学与应用认知神经科学实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学心理学系北京100101

精神病临床高危(clinical high-risk for psychosis,cHR-P)人群的症状和功能发展存在异质性,澄清这个群体症状和功能的改变及联系,有利于精神病早期预防。元分析纳入54篇文献,探究cHR-P人群各维度临床症状和功能的纵向改变、基线症状对... 详细信息

精神病临床高危(clinical high-risk for psychosis,cHR-P)人群的症状和功能发展存在异质性,澄清这个群体症状和功能的改变及联系,有利于精神病早期预防。元分析纳入54篇文献,探究cHR-P人群各维度临床症状和功能的纵向改变、基线症状对随访功能的预测作用、调节效应。结果发现,cHR-P人群轻微阳性症状、阴性症状、瓦解症状、情感症状、一般精神病理症状、整体功能和角色功能随时间显著改善,社会功能没有显著改善;基线阴性症状显著负向预测随访的整体功能、社会功能、角色功能,基线的瓦解症状、情感症状、一般精神病理症状与随访的整体功能显著负相关;受教育程度显著调节轻微阳性症状和阴性症状的纵向变化,年龄、轻微阳性症状亚组比例和短暂间歇性精神病性症状亚组比例显著调节情感症状的纵向变化。这揭示阴性症状改善少和社会功能损害是cHR-P人群的核心特征,提示未来可针对阴性症状研发干预措施,进而改善社会功能。

关键词：精神病临床高危人群纵向改变三水平元分析阴性症状社会功能

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Effect of particle stress tensor in simulations of dense gas-particle flows in fluidized beds

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Particuology 2018年第3期16卷 31-43页

作者： Mohammad Reza Haghgoo Donald j. Bergstrom raymond j. Spiteri Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK SFN 5A9 Canada Department of computer Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon. SK S7N 5C9 Canada

A two-fluid model based on the kinetic theory of granular flow for the rapid-flow regime and the coulomb friction law for the quasi-static regime is applied to predict the hydrodynamics of dense gas-particle flow in a three-dimensional fluidized bed. Two different models for the particle stress tensor that use different constitutive equations in the elastic-inertial regime are examined to assess their ability to predict bed dynamics. To understand how particle stress models affect structural features of the flow, a quantitative analysis is performed on some important aspects of the mechanics of bubbling beds that have received relatively little attention in the literature. Accordingly, different flow regimes are identified in the context of fluidized beds through the dimensionless inertial number, and the main characteristics of each regime are discussed. In addition, how the particle stress tensor manifests itself in the bubble characteristics, natural frequency of the bed, and particle Reynolds stress are investigated, all of which help to better understand the complex dynamics of the fluidized bed. The numerical results are validated against pub- lished experimental data and demonstrate the significant role of the stress tensor in the elastic-inertial regime.

关键词： Two-fluid model Inertial number Fluidized bed Flow regime Particle Reynolds stress MFIX

Which neurological abnormalities and neuropsychological impairments share the same substrate in psychosis?

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3372-3375页

作者： DAZZAN Paola cHAN raymond c K Department of Psychosis Studies Institute of Psychiatry King's College London UK Neuropsychology and Applied cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Approximately 60% of subjects with schizophrenia present minor neurological signs (neurological soft signs, NSS), which include abnormalities in sensory and motor performance indicative of a non-specific cerebral dysfunction. These are also present in healthy individuals and relatives of patients with psychosis, at significantly lower rates. The excess of NSS in psychosis may be a potential endophenotype for this disorder, and reflect the same neurodevelopmental brain dysfunction that also underlies the cognitive deficits consistently reported in psychosis. To establish whether neurological and cognitive dysfunction meet the essential criterion required for a refined endophenotype for psychosis, the association with the illness, we explored evidence that certain neurological and cognitive deficits co-occur in affected individuals. This evidence suggests that signs of motor dysfunctions may be specific to patients with psychosis, in whom they are associated with dysfunction in cognitive tasks requiring motor skills. Thus, they may form a promising candidate endophenotype for psychosis.

关键词：精神病患者神经系统心理障碍异常脑功能障碍基板共享运动性能

Binding of cry δ-endotoxins to brush border membrane vesicles of Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa punctigera （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）

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Insect Science 2005年第4期12卷 231-240页

作者： cHUNYAN LIAO LIZ BROOKS STEPHEN c. TROWELL raymond j. AKHURST cSIRO Entomology Australian National University ACT Australia Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Australian National University ACT Australia

The relatively low susceptibility ofHelicoverpa armigera to crylAc, its history of resistance to chemical insecticides and the seasonal decline in expression of crylAc in transgenic cotton necessitated the development of cotton expressing two insecticidal proteins to provide sustainable control of this multinational pest. To manage the resistance issue, it was essential that the second insecticidal protein have a significantly different mode of action to crylAc. A common feature of resistance to crylA proteins in several species as well as H. armigera has been a change in the binding site. A study of binding sites for some cry proteins in the brush border membrane vesicles （BBMV） ofH. armigera and Helicoverpa punctigera was undertaken. The binding affinity for crylAc was higher than for crylAb, matching their relative toxicities, and crylAc and crylAb were found to share at least one binding site in both I-1. armigera and I-1. punctigera. However cry2Aa did not compete with crylAc for binding and so could be used in transgenic cotton in combination with crylAc to control H. armigera and manage resistance. Variation in the susceptibilities of three different H. armigera strains to crylAc correlated with the parameter Bmax/Kcom.

关键词： Helicoverpa armigera Helicoverpa punctigera Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin brush border membrane vesicles ligand binding

First episode psychosis with extrapyramidal signs prior to antipsychotic drug treatment

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3361-3371页

作者： HONER William G LANG Donna j KOPALA Lili c MAcEWAN G William SMITH Geoffrey N cHEN Eric Y H cHAN raymond c K Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Department of Radiology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Department of Psychiatry Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada Department of Psychiatry University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Extrapyramidal movement disorders are common in chronic schizophrenia, and may be an intrinsic feature of the illness as well as related to antipsychotic drug treatment. Similar dysfunctions at illness onset may have implications for outcome, and for under- standing the mechanisms of illness. The objectives were to examine the clinical correlates of pre-treatment movement disorders at first episode of psychosis, and determine associations with neuropsychological function and striatal structure. Never medicated subjects were recruited from consecutive admissions to Early Psychosis Programs with defined catchment areas in Hong Kong, china, and Halifax, canada. Standardized clinical, neuropsychological and brain imaging assessments were carried out at baseline and following acute and long term treatment with typical or atypical antipsychotic drugs. At the Hong Kong site, we studied 84 subjects with first episode psychosis (n = 10 with EPS). At the Halifax site, we studied 40 subjects with first episode psychosis (n = 17 with EPS), and 23 healthy comparison subjects. Subjects with movement disorders prior to treatment (EPS+) had higher total PANSS scores at baseline (mean elevation 19.9% Hong Kong, P = 0.016; 14.7% Halifax, P = 0.049). In subjects treated with atypical antipsychotics (all Halifax), EPS+ status at baseline predicted more movement disorders at long term follow up (P = 0.0005). In both cohorts, EPS+ subjects had poorer acute symptomatic treatment response assessed with the PANSS (Hong Kong P = 0.005; Halifax P = 0.017). Neuropsychological impairment related to executive dysfunction appeared greater in a small sam- ple of EPS+ subjects (Hong Kong, effect size 0.26-0.27, P caudate volumes were 4.5% larger in EPS+ compared with EPS-subjects (Halifax P = 0.042), and correlations between striatal volumes and age were different in the EPS+ group. In conclu- sion, pre-treatment EPS is present in a substantial minority of subjects with first episode psych

关键词：药物治疗精神病体外症状运动障碍每股收益神经功能精神分裂症

Towards real-time detection of wastewater in surface waters using fluorescence spectroscopy

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 195-202页

作者： Ye Z.Yang Nicolas M.Peleato raymond L.Legge Robert c.Andrews Department of ciuil and Mineral Engineering University of Toronto35 St.George St.TorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada School of Engineering Uniuersity of British Columbia Okanagan1137 Alwmni AueKeloiunaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada Department of chemical Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave.WWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

The presence of municipal wastewater at the intake of a major drinking water treatment facility located on Lake Ontario was examined using fluorescence data collected during a period of continuous *** addition,controlled mixing of lake water and wastewater sampled from a local treatment facility were conducted using a bench-scale fluorescence system to quantify observed changes in natural organic *** linear regression was applied to components derived from parallel factors *** resulting mean absolute error for predicted wastewater level was 0.22%(V/V,wastewater/lake water),indicating that wastewater detection at below 1.0%(V/V)was *** of sucralose,a wastewater indicator,were conducted for treated wastewater as well as surface water collected at two intake locations on Lake *** suggested minimal wastewater contribution at the drinking water intake.A wastewater detection model using a moving baseline was developed and applied to continuous fluorescence data collected at one of the drinking water intakes,which agreed well with sucralose ***,the simulated addition of 1.0%(V/V)of wastewater/wastewater was detectable in 89%of samples analyzed,demonstrating the utility of fluorescence-based wastewater monitoring.

关键词： Excitation emission matrices Parallel factors analysis Natural organic matter Source water monitoring Wastewater impact Water quality assessment