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Clostridioides difficile infection in liver cirrhosis patients: A population-based study in United States

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第8期13卷 926-938页

作者： Syeda Sahra mohammad Abureesh Shivantha Amamath Motasem Alkhayyat rawan Badran Abdullah Jahangir Vivek Gumaste Department of Internal Medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States

BACKGROUND Clostridioides(formerly Clostridium)difficile infection(CDI)is an increasingly frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized *** risk factors are documented in the literature that includes,but are not limited to,antibiotics use,advanced age,and gastric acid *** epidemiological studies have reported an increased incidence of CDI in advanced liver disease *** have also demonstrated a higher prevalence of nosocomial infections in cirrhotic *** To use a large nationwide database,we sought to determine CDI’s risk among liver cirrhosis patients in the United *** We queried a commercial database(Explorys Inc^(TM),Cleveland,OH,United States),and obtained an aggregate of electronic health record data from 26 major integrated United States healthcare systems comprising 360 hospitals in the United States from 2018 to *** were organized into the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms(SNOMED–CT)*** analysis for the multivariable model was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS version 25,IBM CorpTM).For all analyses,a two-sided P value of<0.05 was considered statistically *** There were a total of 19387760 patients in the database who were above 20 years of age between the years *** those,133400 were diagnosed with liver *** prevalence of CDI amongst the liver cirrhosis population was 134.93 per 100.000 vs 19.06 per 100.000 in non-cirrhotic patients(P<0.0001).The multivariate analysis model uncovered that cirrhotic patients were more likely to develop CDI(OR:1.857;95%CI:1.665-2.113,P<0.0001)compared to those without any prior history of liver *** In this large database study,we uncovered that cirrhotic patients have a significantly higher CDI prevalence than those without *** cirrhosis may be an independent risk factor for *** prospective studies are needed to cl

关键词： patients cirrhosis infection

Comparison of perceived pain and patients’ satisfaction with traditional local anesthesia and single tooth anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第19期7卷 2986-2994页

作者： mohammad I Al-Obaida Mehdiya Haider rawan Hashim Wafa AlGheriri Sree Lalita Celur Samar A Al-Saleh Ebtissam M Al-Madi Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11527Saudi Arabia College of Dentistry Princess Nourah bint AbdulRahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Basic Dental Sciences College of DentistryPrincess Nourah bint AbdulRahman UniversityRiyadh13414Saudi Arabia Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11527Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Contemporary innovations in the area of local anesthesia have attempted to provide an absolutely pain free experience for *** the introduction of Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Delivery Systems to dentistry,many studies have compared its efficacy and safety to conventional ***,very few studies have compared single tooth anesthesia(STA)and traditional local *** To compare pain rating,changes in blood pressure,and heart rate during the local anesthetic *** secondary objectives were to measure the patients’level of satisfaction and the differences in anesthetic efficiency between the STA system and traditional local *** A randomized controlled trial was conducted and a total of 80 patients with dental restorative needs were enrolled for the *** patients were evaluated for their general physical status and oral clinical findings before *** regarding perceived pain,changes in heart rate and blood pressure,and patients’satisfaction was collected using an electronic data form and was analyzed using paired and unpaired *** No significant difference was noted in perceived pain(P=0.59)and systolic blood pressure(P=0.09)during anesthetic injection using both traditional and STA *** patients had a significantly higher heart rate during anesthesia,although a statistically significant difference was noted among the traditional anesthesia and the STA groups even before *** the restorative procedure,less pain was perceived by STA patients on the Wong-Baker FACES pain scale,which was statistically significant(P<0.001).Analyses of post-procedure patient responses showed that STA patients had a significantly better treatment experience and preferred to have the same method of injection in the future(P=0.04).CONCLUSION STA system can provide less painful and more comfortable restorative treatment procedures in comparison to the traditional infil

关键词： Local anesthesia Single tooth anesthesia Pain experience Patient satisfaction Pulse rate Heart beat Wong-Baker FACES pain scale

Implementation of Pre-Heating System in Stenters for Improving Machine Performance and Increasing Efficiency

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2021年第4期7卷 143-151页

作者： Sk. mohammad Raafi Ummul khair Fatema Department of Wet Process Engineering Bangladesh University of Textiles Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Bangladesh University of Textiles Dhaka Bangladesh

In textile finishing, stenters always draw considerable attention to newer inventions to boost up production via maximum utilization of energy. Prior to main drying or heat-setting chambers, intermediate heating of cylindrical system especially by steam has a direct blessing to moisture evaporation, processing speed, fabric quality and so on. Based on actual operational data, this study reveals the outcomes of a pre-heating module installed within a stenter. After employing the pre-heating system to knit fabrics of different structures and compositions, 23% - 61% moisture reduction was found and the speed of processing fabrics was increased simultaneously by 17% - 30% without any compromise on fabric quality. Moreover, no less than 8.21% savings in annual electricity consumption were observed.

关键词： Stenter Pre-Heating Machine Performance Fabric Processing Speed Energy Savings

Human mesenchymal stem cells exhibit altered mitochondrial dynamics and poor survival in high glucose microenvironment

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第12期15卷 1093-1103页

作者： Ejlal Abu-El-Rub Fatimah Almahasneh Ramada R Khasawneh Ayman Alzu'bi Doaa Ghorab rawan Almazari Huthaifa Magableh Ahmad Sanajleh Haitham Shlool mohammad Mazari Noor S Bader Joud Al-Momani Department of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty of MedicineYarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Department of Basic Medical Sciences Yarmouk UniversityIrbid 21163Jordan

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are a type of stem cells that possess relevant regenerative abilities and can be used to treat many chronic *** mellitus(DM)is a frequently diagnosed chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia which initiates many multisystem complications in the *** patients can benefit from MSCs transplantation to curb down the pathological consequences associated with hyperglycemia persistence and restore the function of damaged *** therapeutic outcomes are found to last for short period of time and ultimately these regenerative cells are eradicated and died in DM disease *** To investigate the impact of high glucose or hyperglycemia on the cellular and molecular characteristics of *** Human adipose tissue-derived MSCs(hAD-MSCs)were seeded in low(5.6 mmol/L of glucose)and high glucose(25 mmol/L of glucose)for 7 ***,viability,mitochondrial dynamics,and apoptosis were deplored using specific *** blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),TSC1,and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)in these *** hAD-MSCs cultured in high glucose for 7 d demonstrated marked decrease in their viability,as shown by a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase(P<0.01)and a significant decrease in Trypan blue(P<0.05)in these cells compared to low glucose *** membrane potential,indicated by tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester(TMRE)fluorescence intensity,and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)/NADH ratio were significantly dropped(P<0.05 for TMRE and P<0.01 for NAD+/NADH)in high glucose exposed hAD-MSCs,indicating disturbed mitochondrial ***3K protein expression significantly decreased in high glucose culture MSCs(P<0.05 compared to low glucose)and it was coupled with significant upregulation in TSC1(P<0.05)and downregulation in mTOR protein expression(P<0.05).Mitochondrial complexes I,IV,and V were downregul

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells High glucose Mitochondrial dynamics Apoptosis Poor survival Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway

An Assessment of Aquifer Potential in and around a Proposed Well Field Area near Madunaghat, Chattogram Using Isotopic Techniques

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第6期13卷 395-418页

作者： Nasir Ahmed Manzoor Ahamad Choudhry Mohammed Khaliquzzaman Arif Ahamed mohammad Abdul Quaiyum Bhuiyan Nipa Deb Tasrina Rabia Choudhury mohammad Masud Karim Sheikh mohammad Mahbubur Rahman mohammad Murshed Alam Abul khair Mohammed Fazlullah Mohammed Ariful Islam Isotope Hydrology Division Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka Bangladesh Isotope Hydrology Section International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna Austria The World Bank Dhaka Bangladesh Chemistry Division Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka Bangladesh Institute of Water Modelling Dhaka Bangladesh Chattogram Water Supply and Sewerage Authority Chattogram Bangladesh

The study was undertaken for understanding the potential of deep aquifers as a source of safe drinking water and for assessing the status of groundwater aquifer near Madunaghat area, Chattogram. The specific issues are salinity, interconnectivity of the shallow and deep aquifers, mixing of groundwater with the adjacent Halda river water, recharge condition and groundwater age. The isotopic data suggest that most of the groundwater results from a mixture between recent recharge and an older component recharge under climatic conditions cooler than at present. The interconnectivity between shallow aquifers and river waters are mostly found in the line wells installed particularly in shallow depth (16 m) close to Halda river as evidenced from the similar tritium values of sampled line well water with that of the Halda river water. The groundwater in Madunaghat well field area is not affected by salinity, as it is evidenced by higher values of Na/Cl ratio of the groundwater samples compared to the sea water fresh water mixing line. The geochemistry of intermediate and deep groundwater is dominated by Na-Mg-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 type waters. Even the relationship between chloride and oxygen-18 (Cl-δ18O) depicts that the waters from the deep, intermediate and shallow wells do not fall on the seawater mixing line. The Carbon-14 contents of intermediate to deep groundwater samples vary from 16.2 to 59.3 pMC indicating the residence time in the range of 4300 to 15,000 years BP, i.e., the sourced water recharged the aquifers a long time ago. The intermediate and deep wells have water with arsenic concentrations less than the detection limit of 3.0 μg/L. Only a few shallow wells have arsenic concentrations greater than the detection limit varying from 13.7 - 47.4 μg/L, which is less than the DoE permissible limit (50 μg/L) implying that the groundwater at Madunaghat area is not affected by Arsenic contamination.

关键词： Stable Isotope Tritium Carbon-14 Salinity Chloride Recharge Residence Time

Atomic Diffusion and Electric Conductivity of Gum Arabic/Graphite Composite

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2018年第7期6卷 91-96页

作者： Bilquis Ibrahim Adham H. M. El-khair Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Al Neelain University Khartoum Sudan Comittee on Radiation and Environmental Pollution Protect (CREPP) Department of Physics College of Science Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh KSA

In this work, we had adopted solid states reaction kinetic model to calculate diffusion coefficient of graphite Gr in Gum Arabic (GA) as the function of temperatures and concentration? D(t, C). From the calculations we have found that the diffusion coefficient D increases with increasing temperature. At higher temperature the Gr atoms might get enough thermal energy to overcome the activation energy (Ea) barrier and hence can easily be transported to a new atomic position. Diffusion coefficient of Gr at high concentrations had exceeded that at low concentrations by more than two to three orders of magnitude. Such increase can be attributed to the large number of jumps or jump frequency which found to be directly proportion to the Gr concentration. Electric conductivity, calculated by Nernst-Einstein equation, at high concentration Gr had exceeded that at lower concentration. The decrease in conductivity with decreasing Gr concentration might be attributed to the effective charges interactions, which lead to enhance the recombination of charge carriers.

关键词： Graphite Polymers Composites Temperature Dependence Diffusion Mecha-nism

Ontology-Based Cyber Security Policy Implementation in Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Information Security 2018年第4期9卷 315-333页

作者： Amir Mohamed Talib Fahad Omar Alomary Hanan Fouad Alwadi rawan Rashed Albusayli College of Computer and Information Sciences Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh KSA

Cyber security is an important element of national security and the safekeeping of a nation’s constituency and assets. In Saudi Arabia, the point of interest on cyber security is particularly outstanding due to the fact that Saudi Arabia has a highly cyber attacks all over the Arab countries. This paper displays on contemporary studies done in Saudi Arabia in regards to cyber security policy coverage. The point of interest of this paper is the use of ontology to identify and suggest a formal, encoded description of the cyber security strategic environment, and propose the development of ontology to be able to permit the implementation of the sort of policy. The intention of the ontology is to become aware of and constitute the multi-layered company of gamers and their related roles and obligations within the cyber security environment. This could make contributions in large part to the improvement, implementation and rollout of a country wide cyber security policy in Saudi Arabia.

关键词： Cyber Security Cyber Security Policy Implementation Ontology Saudi Arabia

Quantification Threshold Pixel Technique of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Paraspinal Muscles Atrophy among Discopathy Patients

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2022年第2期12卷 48-66页

作者： Mahmoud Mousa Yasser Al Ajerami Khalid Abu Shab mohammad Matar Marwan Matar Sadi Jaber Fouad S. Jaber Abdullah Abu Mousa Ahmad Jaber Ali Alhoubi Department of Radiology Gaza-European Hospital Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Medical Imaging Applied Medical Sciences Al-Azhar University Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Radiology Al Shifa medical Complex Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Radiology Nasser Medical Complex Gaza Strip Palestine Internal Medicine Department University of Missouri-Kansas City Missouri USA Department of Radiology Al Khair Charity Hospital Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Radiology Al Aqsa Martyrs Hospital Gaza Strip Palestine

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between lumbosacral discopathy status and paraspinal atrophic changes (Cross-sectional area (CSA) and fatty infiltration (FI)) among different age groups. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 200 patients with confirmed discopathy who were examined by lumbosacral Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at the two main governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip. Using ImageJ software and quantification threshold technique, we measured the CSA and FI of paraspinal muscles {multifidus (MF) & erector spinae (ES)}. The interpretation of MRI images was performed by two radiologists with a good inter-observer agreement between the radiological discopathy findings. Results: The highest percentage and severity of discopathy were noticed at the level of L4/5 (89.5%), followed by L5/S1 (14.5%). The FI is increased towards lower levels of L3/4 to L5/S1. No correlation was found between discopathy level, the severity of discopathy, and CSA of MF & ES muscles. In contrast, a correlation was observed between FI of MF & ES muscles, discopathy level, and severity. Also, the results illustrated no significant relation was observed between CSA of MF & ES muscles and age groups (P > 0.05), while a significant correlation was reported between FI and age groups (P Conclusion: The MRI quantification threshold pixel technique for paraspinal muscles reflected the atrophic changes like CSA and FI in discopathy patients.

关键词： Paraspinal Muscles Cross-Sectional Area Fatty Infiltration Multifidus Erector Spinae Discopathy