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Lower limb suspension induces threshold-specific alterations of motor units properties that are reversed by active recovery

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第2期13卷 264-276页

作者： Giacomo valli Fabio sarto Andrea Casolo Alessandro Del vecchio Martino v.Franchi Marco v.Narici Giuseppe De vito Department of Biomedical sciences University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander UniversityErlangen-Nurnberg 91052Germany

Purpose:This study aimed to non-invasively test the hypothesis that(a) short-term lower limb unloading would induce changes in the neural control of force production(based on motor units(MUs) properties) in the vastus lateralis muscle and(b) possible changes are reversed by active recovery(AR).Methods:Ten young males underwent 10 days of unilateral lower limb suspension(ULLs) followed by 21 days of *** ULLs,participants walked exclusively on crutches with the dominant leg suspended in a slightly flexed position(15°-20°) and with the contralateral foot raised by an elevated *** AR was based on resistance exercise(leg press and leg extension) and executed at 70% of each participant’s 1repetition maximum,3 times/*** voluntary isometric contraction(MvC) of knee extensors and MUs properties of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured at baseline,after ULLs,and after *** were identified using high-density electromyography during trapezoidal isometric contractions at 10%,25%,and 50% of the current MvC,and individual MUs were tracked across the 3 data collection ***:We identified 1428 unique MUs,and 270 of them(18.9%) were accurately *** ULLs,MvC decreased by 29.77%,MUs absolute recruitment/derecruitment thresholds were reduced at all contraction intensities(with changes between the 2 variables strongly correlated),while discharge rate was reduced at 10% and 25% but not at 50% *** MvC and MUs properties fully recovered to baseline levels after *** changes were observed in the pool of total as well as tracked ***:Our novel results demonstrate,non-invasively,that 10 days of ULLs affected neural control predominantly by altering the discharge rate of lower-threshold but not of higher-threshold MUs,suggesting a preferential impact of disuse on motoneurons with a lower depolarization ***,after 21 days of AR,the impaired MUs properties were fully restored to baseline levels,highlighting the plas

关键词： Disuse High-density EMG Muscle disuse Neural impairment Neuromuscular degeneration

Effect of Notch Location on Fatigue Life Prediction of strength Mismatched HsLA steel Weldments

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2004年第2期20卷 129-135页

作者： s.ravi v.Balasubramanian s.Nemat Nasser Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalainagar-608 002. Tamil Nadu IndiaDepartment of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalainagar-608 002. Tamil Nadu IndiaCentre of Excellence for Advanced Materials University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0416 USA

Welding of high strength low alloy steels (HsLA) involves usage of low, even and high strength filler materials (electrodes) than the parent material depending on the application of the welded structures and the availability of the filler material. In the present investigation, the fatigue crack growth behaviour of weld metal (WM) and heat affected zone (HAZ) regions of under matched (UM), equal matched (EM) and over matched (OM) joints has been studied. The base material used in this investigation is HsLA-80 steel of weldable grade. shielded metal arc welding (sMAW) process has been used to fabricate the butt joints. Centre cracked tension (CCT) specimen has been used to evaluate the fatigue crack growth behaviour of the welded joints. Fatigue crack growth experiments have been conducted using servo hydraulic controlled fatigue testing machine at constant amplitude loading (R=0).A method has been proposed to predict the fatigue life of HsLA steel welds using fracture mechanics approach by incorporating influences of mismatch ratio (MMR) and notch location.

关键词： shielded metal arc welding High strength low alloy steel Mismatch ratio Notch location Fatigue crack growth Fatigue life

Construction of a broad-host-range Anderson promoter series and particulate methane monooxygenase promoter variants expand the methanotroph genetic toolbox

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synthetic and systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 250-258页

作者： Etash H.Bhat Jessica M.Henard spencer A.Lee Dustin McHalffey Mahith s.Ravulapati Elle v.Rogers Logan Yu David skiles Calvin A.Henard Department of Biological sciences and BioDiscovery Institute University of North TexasDentonTXUSA

Methanotrophic bacteria are currently used industrially for the bioconversion of methane-rich natural gas and anaerobic digestion-derived biogas to valuable *** bacteria may also serve to mitigate the negative effects of climate change by capturing atmospheric greenhouse *** genetic tools have previously been developed for genetic and metabolic engineering of ***,the available tools for use in methanotrophs are significantly underdeveloped compared to many other industrially relevant bacteria,which hinders genetic and metabolic engineering of these *** such,expansion of the methanotroph genetic toolbox is needed to further our understanding of methanotrophy and develop biotechnologies that leverage these unique microbes for mitigation and conversion of methane to valuable ***,we determined the copy number of three broad-host-range plasmids in Methylococcus capsulatus Bath and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b,representing phylogenetically diverse Gammaproteobacterial and Alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs,***,we show that the commonly used synthetic Anderson series promoters are functional and exhibit similar relative activity in *** and *** OB3b,but the synthetic series had limited ***,we mutagenized the native *** particulate methane monooxygenase promoter and identified variants with activity that expand the activity range of synthetic,constitutive promoters functional not only in ***,but also in Escherichia ***,the tools developed here advance the methanotroph genetic engineering toolbox and represent additional synthetic genetic parts that may have broad applicability in Pseudomonadota bacteria.

关键词： Methanotroph Methane monooxygenase Promoter Metabolic engineering synthetic biology

Metrology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser-plasma experiments

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 90-105页

作者： E.A.vishnyakov A.sagisaka K.Ogura T.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo C.D.Armstrong T.A.Pikuz s.A.Pikuz W.Yan T.M.Jeong s.singh P.Hadjisolomou O.Finke G.M.Grittani M.Nevrkla C.M.Lazzarini A.velyhan T.Hayakawa Y.Fukuda J.K.Koga M.Ishino K.Kondo Y.Miyasaka A.Kon M.Nishikino Y.v.Nosach D.Khikhlukha I.P.Tsygvintsev D.Kumar J.Nejdl D.Margarone P.v.sasorov s.Weber M.Kando H.Kiriyama Y.Kato G.Korn K.Kondo s.v.Bulanov T.Kawachi A.s.Pirozhkov ELI Beamlines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolníBrežanyCzech Republic Kansai Institute for Photon science(KPsI) QSTKyotoJapan Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCHarwell OxfordDidcotUK Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan HB11 Energy Holdings FreshwaterAustralia Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(Ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFsA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Plasma Physics AsCR PragueCzech Republic FZU-Institute of Physics AsCR PragueCzech Republic Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPragueCzech Republic Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine IsTEQ AR YerevanArmenia

Tight focusing with very small f-numbers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing imposes strong demands on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target irradiance We describe several near-infrared,visible,ultraviolet and soft and hard X-ray diagnostics employed in a~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser±plasma *** used nearly 10 J total energy femtosecond laser pulses focused into an approximately1.3-μm focal spot on 5±20μm thick stainless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determine the best in-focus target position with approximately 5μm accuracy(i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length)and show that several diagnostics(in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays)can ensure this *** demonstrated target positioning within several micrometers from the focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast(it requires 10±20 laser shots)and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

关键词： laser-plasma interaction precise target positioning spectroscopy ultra-high intensity X-rays

Outcomes of long-acting injectable antipsychotics use in pregnancy:A literature review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 582-599页

作者： Ana v Pejčić srdjan M stefanović MilošN Milosavljević vladimir s Janjić Marko M Folić Nevena D Folić Jovana Z Milosavljević Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Clinic for Psychiatry University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Center for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Research Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Pediatric Clinic University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia

BACKGROUND Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during ***-acting injectable(LAI)antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent relapse in patients with various severe psychotic disorders,but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on the safety of LAI antipsychotics during *** To summarize relevant data on maternal,pregnancy,neonatal,and developmental outcomes from published cases of LAI antipsychotic use in *** A literature search was performed through November 11,2023,using three online databases:PubMed/MEDLINE,scopus,and Web of *** reports or case series that reported information about the outcomes of pregnancy in women who used LAI antipsychotics at any point in pregnancy,with available full texts,were *** statistics,narrative summation,and tabulation of the extracted data were *** A total of 19 publications satisfied the inclusion criteria:3 case series,15 case reports,and 1 conference *** reported the outcomes of LAI antipsychotic use in 74 women and 77 *** use of secondgeneration LAI antipsychotics was reported in the majority(n=47;61.0%)of ***-generation LAI antipsychotics were administered during 30 pregnancies(39.0%).Most of the women(approximately 64%)had either satisfactory control of symptoms or no information about relapse,while approximately 12%of them had developed gestational diabetes mellitus.A minority of cases reported adverse outcomes such as stillbirth,spontaneous abortion,preterm birth,low birth weight,congenital anomalies,and neurological manifestations in ***,there were no reports of negative long-term developmental *** Currently available data seem reassuring,but further well-designed studies are required to properly evaluate the risks and benefits of LAI antipsychotic use during pregnancy.

关键词： Antipsychotic agents Long-acting injectable Pregnancy Outcome Review

Preliminary results of lithological and palynological study of svobodny,ancient man’s parking relic in Amur region,Russia

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Global Geology 2024年第3期27卷 121-131页

作者： Kovalenko s.v. Kezina T.v. Kryuchko E.I. Mironov M.A. Center for the Preservation of Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Amur Region Blagoveshchensk 675000Russia Amur state University Blagoveshchensk 675027Russia

A single-layer monument svobodny,ancient man's parking lot-1,discovered in 2021 as part of archaeological work to study the zone of economic development of the Amur region was investigated lithologically and *** on the results of geomorphological analysis of the territory,the study of artifacts,palynological data,as well as analogy with previously identified and sufficiently studied relics in the region,the existence of the Osinoozersk late Neolithic culture in this territory is *** time of its expansion in the Amur region is determined within the framework of the second half of theⅣmillennium BC to the first half of theⅡmillennium *** preliminary results of palynological analysis suggest the existence of a temperate climate here,was close to the modern one,which does not contradict the reconstructed paleoclimate and environments of the region during the Holocene period.

关键词： Osinoozersk culture palynological spectra Zeya River paleoclimate

There is more to the knee joint than just the quadriceps:A systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map of hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第4期13卷 521-536页

作者： Helder s.Lopes Marina C.Waiteman Liliam B.Priore Neal R.Glaviano David M.Bazett-Jones Ronaldo v.Briani Fabio M.Azevedo school of science and Technology Physical Therapy DepartmentSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology College of AgricultureHealth and Natural ResourcesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA school of Exercise and Rehabilitation sciences College of Health and Human ServicesUniversity of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA

Background:Impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology have been associated with altered knee biomechanics,pain,and *** the presence of these impairments in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders is important and may indicate targets for assessment and *** systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature to determine the presence of impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee ***:Five databases(MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,sPORTDiscus,and Web of science)were searched from inception to september *** studies comparing hamstring outcomes(e.g.,strength,flexibility,and/or morphology)between individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders and their unaffected limbs or pain-free controls were ***-analyses for each knee disorder were ***-level certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation,and evidence gap maps were ***:seventy-nine studies across 4 different gradual-onset knee disorders(i.e.,knee osteoarthritis(OA),patellofemoral pain(PFP),chondromalacia patellae,and patellar tendinopathy)were *** with knee OA presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to pain-free controls during isometric(standard mean difference(sMD)=-0.76,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.32 to-0.21)and concentric contractions(sMD=-0.97,95%CI:-1.49 to-0.45).Individuals with PFP presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to painfree controls during isometric(sMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.82 to-0.14),concentric(sMD=-1.07,95%CI:-2.08 to-0.06),and eccentric contractions(sMD=-0.59,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.21).No differences were observed in individuals with patellar *** with PFP presented with reduced hamstring flexibility when compared to pain-free controls(sMD=-0.76,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.36).Evidence gap maps identified insufficient evidence for chondromalacia patel

关键词： Chondromalacia patellae Knee flexors Knee osteoarthritis Patellar tendinopathy Patellofemoral pain

Multi-systemic melioidosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第28期12卷 6151-6154页

作者： Basavraj s Nagoba shree v Dhotre Abhijit s Rayate sachin s Mumbre Pradnya s Dhotre Department of Microbiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India Department of Microbiology Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India Department of surgery Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences and Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India Department of Community Medicine Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413006India Department of Biochemistry Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413001India

This editorial is a commentary on the article by Ni et al,which was published in the World Journal of Clinical *** article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of melioidosis caused by Burkholderia *** case study highlights a rare instance of multisystemic melioidosis in a female patient who did not have a travel history,emphasizing the significance of recognizing this condition in non-endemic *** complexities and therapeutic strategies are addressed,emphasizing the need for heightened clinical suspicion,comprehensive evaluation,and multidisciplinary *** editorial delves into the clinical presentation,diagnostic dilemmas,therapeutic approaches,and their implications for patient care in managing multi-systemic melioidosis.

关键词： Melioidosis Burkholderia pseudomallei Multi-systemic Diagnosis Treatment

Machine learning-enhanced Monte Carlo and subset simulations for advanced risk assessment in transportation infrastructure

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 690-717页

作者： Furquan AHMAD Pijush sAMUI s.s.MIsHRA Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of TechnologyPatna 800006India

The maintenance of safety and dependability in rail and road embankments is of utmost importance in order to facilitate the smooth operation of transportation *** study introduces a comprehensive methodology for soil slope stability evaluation,employing Monte Carlo simulation(MCs)and subset simulation(ss)with the"UPss 3.0 Add-in"in *** on an 11.693-meter embankment with a soil slope(inclination ratio of 2H:1v),the investigation considers earthquake coefficients(kh)and pore water pressure ratios(ru)following Indian zoning *** chance of slope failure showed a considerable increase as the Coefficient of variation(COv),seismic coefficients(kh),and pore water pressure ratios(ru)experienced an *** ss approach showed exceptional efficacy in calculating odds of failure that are notably *** computational modeling,the study optimized the worst-case scenario using ANFIs-GA,ANFIs-GWO,ANFIs-PsO,and ANFIs-BBO *** ANFIs-PsO model exhibits exceptional accuracy(training R2=0.9011,RMsE=0.0549;testing R2=0.8968,RMsE=0.0615),emerging as the most *** study highlights the significance of conducting thorough risk assessments and offers practical insights into evaluating and improving the stability of soil slopes in transportation *** findings contribute to the enhancement of safety and reliability in real-world situations.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation subset simulation Machine Learning seismic coefficient