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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第1期8卷 89-93页

作者： kakarla V Chalam ravi k murthy Joshua C Priluck Vijay khetpal Shailesh k Gupta Department of Ophthalmology University of Florida-College of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of "concurrent vitrectomy" to retrieve dislocated lens fragment during ***: In a retrospective, observational case series, data of patients who underwent "concurrent" pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) for dislocated lens fragments between the period 2000 and 2008 were reviewed. Data collected included patient demographics, pre-operative visual acuity, intra-operative occurrence of retinal breaks, duration of follow up, post-operative intraocular pressure, final best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),presence of cystoid macular edema(CME) and occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).· RESULTS: A total of 58 eyes of 58 patients were included in the study. At 12 mo the mean postoperative BCVA was log MAR 0.17(20/30) with a range of log MAR0 to 0.69(20/20 to 20/100), with 96.6%(56/58) of patients showing post- operative improvement in visual acuity(P =0.005). None of the patients developed postoperative retinal detachment, endophthalmitis or non-resolving uveitis at 12 ***: Our study results suggest concurrent PPV for retained lens fragments after cataract surgery is beneficial and may decrease the risk of glaucoma and prevent development of RRD.

关键词： phacoemulsification dislocated lens fragments vitrectomy glaucoma cystoid macular edema retinal detachment

Aqueous Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Level Is a Marker for Treatment Resistance to Bevacizumab in Age-Related Macular Degeneration —Aqueous Cytokines after Bevacizumab

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2014年第1期4卷 24-30页

作者： kakarla V. Chalam Sandeep Grover Sankarathi Balaiya ravi k. murthy Department of Ophthalmology University of Florida College of Medicine Jacksonville USA

Background: To prospectively evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on aqueous levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to correlate clinical outcomes of patients and aqueous cytokine levels before and after injection. Methods: The study group consisted of 30 eyes from 30 patients with exudative AMD who underwent intravitreal injection of bevacizumab three times at monthly intervals. The aqueous samples prior to the 1st injection (baseline) and 3rd injection were analyzed for VEGF and IL-6 levels, evaluating the effect of 2 doses of intravitreal bevacizumab. Study patients were sub-grouped based upon change in central subfield (CSF) macular thickness on SD-OCT, at 8 weeks. Group 1 included patients (n = 14) with a decrease in CSF thickness greater than 10% from the baseline and were categorized to have “improved”. Group 2 included patients (n = 16) who had a decrease in CSF thickness 10% or less and were considered “treatment-resistant”. Results: There was no statistically significant change in aqueous VEGF and IL-6 levels after intravitreal bevacizumab. In sub-group analysis, in both Groups 1 and 2 patients, aqueous IL-6 levels showed a better correlation with CSF thickness on SD-OCT (r = 0.72 and 0.71, respectively). Conclusions: Data from our study suggest that aqueous IL-6 may be an important marker of treatment response or resistance. Future therapeutic strategies may include targeted treatment against both VEGF and IL-6, in patients who do not respond to anti-VEGF treatment alone.

关键词： VEGF Interleukin-6 AMD Bevacizumab Aqueous Bead Based Assay

Exploring nitrogen reduction reaction mechanisms in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 681-697页

作者： Abhishek Umesh Shetty ravi Sankannavar School of Chemical and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology GoaFarmagudiPonda 403401GoaIndia Department of Chemical Engineering M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyMSR NagarMSRIT PostBengaluru 560054KarnatakaIndia

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia *** the process is thermodynamically feasible at ambient temperature and pressure,challenges such as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction,low nitrogen solubility in electrolytes,and the activation of inert dinitrogen(N_(2))gas adversely affect the performance of ammonia *** hurdles result in low Faradaic efficiency and low ammonia production rate,which pose obstacles to the commercialisation of the *** have been actively designing and proposing various electrocatalysts to address these issues,but challenges still need to be resolved.A key strategy in electrocatalyst design lies in understanding the underlying mechanisms that govern the success or failure of the electrocatalyst in driving the electrochemical *** mechanistic studies,we gain valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction,enabling us to propose optimised designs to overcome the *** review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various mechanisms involved in eNRR on the electrocatalyst *** delves into the various mechanisms such as dissociative,associative,Mars-van krevelen,lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and surface hydrogenation mechanisms of nitrogen *** unravelling the intricacies of eNRR mechanisms and exploring promising avenues,we can pave the way for more efficient and commercially viable ammonia synthesis through this sustainable electrochemical process by designing an efficient electrocatalyst.

关键词： Green ammonia synthesis Electrolysis Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reductionreaction Electrochemical reaction pathways Reactionmechanism

Federated Approach for Privacy-Preserving Traffic Prediction Using Graph Convolutional Network

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2024年第3期29卷 509-517页

作者： LONARE Savita BHRAMARAMBA ravi Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering Pune 411044India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAMViskhapatnam 530045India

Existing traffic flow prediction frameworks have already achieved enormous success due to large traffic datasets and capability of deep learning ***,data privacy and security are always a challenge in every field where data need to be uploaded to the *** learning(FL)is an emerging trend for distributed training of *** primary goal of FL is to train an efficient communication model without compromising data *** traffic data have a robust spatio-temporal correlation,but various approaches proposed earlier have not considered spatial correlation of the traffic *** paper presents FL-based traffic flow prediction with spatio-temporal *** work uses a differential privacy(DP)scheme for privacy preservation of participant's *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first time that FL is used for vehicular traffic prediction while considering the spatio-temporal correlation of traffic data with DP *** proposed framework trains the data locally at the client-side with *** then uses the model aggregation mechanism federated graph convolutional network(FedGCN)at the server-side to find the average of locally trained *** results of the proposed work show that the FedGCN model accurately predicts the *** scheme at client-side helps clients to set a budget for privacy loss.

关键词： federated learning(FL) traffic flow prediction data privacy graph convolutional network(GCN) differential privacy(DP)

Unsupervised intrusion detection system for in-vehicle communication networks

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第2期5卷 119-129页

作者： kabilan N Vinayakumar ravi V Sowmya Center for Computational Engineering and Networking(CEN) Amrita School of Artificial InteligenceAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Center for Artificial Intlligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia

In-vehicle communication has been optimized day to day to keep updated of the *** area network(CAN)is used as a standard communication method because of its efficient and reliable ***,CAN is prone to several network level attacks because of its lack in security *** methods have been introduced to incorporate this in *** proposed an unsupervised method of intrusion detection for in-vehicle communication networks by combining the optimal feature extracting ability of autoencoders and more precise clustering using fuzzy C-means(FCM).The proposed method is light weight and requires less computation *** performed an extensive experiment and achieved an accuracy of 75.51%with the ML35o in-vehicle intrusion *** experimental result,the proposed method also works better for other intrusion detection problems like wireless intrusion detection datasets such as WNS-DS with accuracy of 84.05%and network intrusion detection datasets such as kDDCup with accuracy 60.63%,UNSW_NB15 with accuracy 73.62%and Information Security Center of Excellence(Iscx)with accuracy 74.83%.Overall,the proposed method outperforms the existing methods and avoids labeled datasets when training an in-vehicle intrusion detection *** results of the experiment of our proposed method performed on various intru-sion detection datasets indicate that the proposed approach is generalized and robust in detecting intrusions and can be effectively deployed in real time to monitor CAN traffic in vehicles and proactively alert during attacks.

关键词： Controlarea network Intrusiondetection Unsupervised learning Autoencoders Fuzzy C-means

Dynamics of some new solutions to the coupled DSW equations traveling horizontally on the seabed

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 154-163页

作者： Raj kumar ravi Shankar Verma Department of Mathematics Faculty of Engineering&TechnologyVeer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal UniversityJaunpur 222003India

The system of(1+1)-coupled Drinfel’d-Sokolov-Wilson equations describes the surface gravity waves travelling horizontally on the *** objective of the present research is to construct a new variety of analytical solutions for the *** invariants are derived with the aid of killing form by using the optimal algebra classification via Lie symmetry *** invariant solutions involve time,space variables,and arbitrary *** adequate constraints on arbitrary constants,solutions are represented graphically to make them more applicable in designing sea *** behavior of solutions shows asymptotic,bell-shaped,bright and dark soliton,bright soliton,parabolic,bright and kink,kink,and periodic *** constructed results are novel as the reported results[26,28,29,30,33,38,42,49]can be deduced from the results derived in this *** remaining solutions derived in this study,are absolutely different from the earlier *** this study,the physical character of analytical solutions of the system could aid coastal engineers in creating models of beaches and ports.

关键词： Coupled Drinfel’d-Sokolov-Wilson model Invariants killing form Optimal sub algebra Lie symmetry reductions

An Interactive Operating Demand Response Approach for Hybrid Power Systems Integrating Renewable Energy Sources

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第3期9卷 174-194页

作者： Abhishek Saxena ravi Shankar IEEE the Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology PatnaIndia

The increased deployment of renewable energy in existing power networks has jeopardized rotational inertia,resulting in system degradation and *** address the issue,this paper proposes a demand response strategy for ensuring the future reliability of the electrical power *** addition,a modified fuzzy logic control topology-based two-degree-of-freedom(fractional order proportional integral)-tilt derivative controller is designed to regulate the frequency within a demand response framework of a hybrid two-area deregulated power *** test system includes thermal power plants,renewable energy sources(such as wind,parabolic trough solar thermal plant,biogas),and electric vehicle *** adaptively tune the controller’s coefficients,a quasi-opposition-based harris hawks optimization(QOHHO)algorithm is *** effectiveness of this algorithm is compared to other optimization algorithms,and the stability of the system is *** results demonstrate that the designed control algorithm significantly enhances system frequency stability in various scenarios,including uncertainties,physical constraints,and high penetration of renewables,compared to existing ***,an experimental assessment through OPAL-RT is conducted to verify the practicality of the proposed strategy,considering source and load intermittencies.

关键词： Area control error demand response energy storage vertically integrated utility

Nasogastric tube syndrome:A Meta-summary of case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 119-129页

作者： Deven Juneja Prashant Nasa Gunjan Chanchalani ravi Jain Department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalNew Delhi 110017India Department of Critical Care Medicine NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates Department of Critical Care Medicine Karamshibhai Jethabhai Somaiya Hospital and Research CentreMumbai 400022India Department of Critical Care Medicine Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and HospitalJaipur 302022RajasthanIndia

BACkGROUND Since its description in 1790 by Hunter,the nasogastric tube(NGT)is commonly used in any healthcare setting for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms or enteral ***,the risks associated with its placement are often *** airway obstruction with a NGT is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening *** syndrome is characterized by the presence of an NGT,throat pain and vocal cord(VC)paralysis,usually *** is poten-tially life–threatening,and early diagnosis is the key to the prevention of fatal upper airway ***,fewer cases may have been reported than might have occurred,primarily due to the clinicians'*** lack of specific signs and symptoms and the inability to prove temporal relation with NGT insertion has made diagnosing the syndrome quite *** To review and collate the data from the published case reports and case series to understand the possible risk factors,early warning signs and symptoms for timely detection to prevent the manifestation of the complete syndrome with life-threatening airway *** We conducted a systematic search for this meta-summary from the database of PubMed,EMBASE,Reference Citation Analysis(https://***/)and Google scholar,from all the past studies till August *** search terms included major MESH terms"Nasogastric tube","Intubation,Gastrointestinal","Vocal Cord Paralysis",and“Syndrome”.All the case reports and case series were evaluated,and the data were extracted for patient demographics,clinical symptomatology,diagnostic and therapeutic interventions,clinical course and outcomes.A datasheet for evaluation was further *** Twenty-seven cases,from five case series and 13 case reports,of NGT syndrome were retrieved from our *** was male predominance(17,62.96%),and age at presentation ranged from 28 to 86 *** patients had diabetes mellitus(37.04%),and nine were hyperte

关键词： Nasogastric tube Nasogastric tube syndrome Ryle’s tube Sofferman syndrome Vocal cord paralysis

Deep Learning-Based Classification of Rotten Fruits and Identification of Shelf Life

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 781-794页

作者： S.Sofana Reka Ankita Bagelikar Prakash Venugopal V.ravi Harimurugan Devarajan Centre for Smart Grid Technologies School of Electronics EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India Department of Electrical Engineering Dr.B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjab144008India

The freshness of fruits is considered to be one of the essential characteristics for consumers in determining their quality,flavor and nutritional *** primary need for identifying rotten fruits is to ensure that only fresh and high-quality fruits are sold to *** impact of rotten fruits can foster harmful bacteria,molds and other microorganisms that can cause food poisoning and other illnesses to the *** overall purpose of the study is to classify rotten fruits,which can affect the taste,texture,and appearance of other fresh fruits,thereby reducing their shelf *** agriculture and food industries are increasingly adopting computer vision technology to detect rotten fruits and forecast their shelf ***,this research work mainly focuses on the Convolutional Neural Network’s(CNN)deep learning model,which helps in the classification of rotten *** proposed methodology involves real-time analysis of a dataset of various types of fruits,including apples,bananas,oranges,papayas and ***,machine learningmodels such as GaussianNaïve Bayes(GNB)and random forest are used to predict the fruit’s shelf *** results obtained from the various pre-trained models for rotten fruit detection are analysed based on an accuracy score to determine the best *** comparison to other pre-trained models,the visual geometry group16(VGG16)obtained a higher accuracy score of 95%.Likewise,the random forest model delivers a better accuracy score of 88% when compared with GNB in forecasting the fruit’s shelf *** developing an accurate classification model,only fresh and safe fruits reach consumers,reducing the risks associated with contaminated ***,the proposed approach will have a significant impact on the food industry for efficient fruit distribution and also benefit customers to purchase fresh fruits.

关键词： Rotten fruit detection shelf life deep learning convolutional neural network machine learning gaussian naïve bayes random forest visual geometry group16

A functional gel polymer electrolyte based on PVDF-HFP/gelatin toward dendrite-free lithium metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2790-2799页

作者： Xiaoyi Hu kangli Liu Shijie Zhang Guosheng Shao S.ravi P.Silva Peng Zhang State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials(CDLCEM) School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Zhengzhou Materials Genome Institute(ZMGI) ZhongyuanzhiguXingyang 450100China Nanoelectronics Center Advanced Technology InstituteUniversity of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK

The leakage of liquid electrolyte and the formation of lithium dendrites pose challenges to safety and stability of lithium metal batteries(LMBs).The appearance of gel polymer electrolyte(GPE)has obviously improved the safety of traditional ***,the limited inhibition of GPE on lithium dendrites is detrimental to the safety of ***,a kind of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)/gelatin(GN)GPE with high ionic conductivity,high-temperature resistance,and flame-retardancy,was prepared by electrospinning and soaking *** the electrospinning network of PVDF-HFP,its affinity to liquid electrolytes,makes this GPE more beneficial to ions transport and the formation of ***,the GN with sol–gel properties,enhances the mechanical property(13.5 MPa)of HFP-GN ***,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and density functional theory(DFT)suggest that the attraction of polar groups of GN to Li+can regulate the distribution of Li+and protect Li ***,the application of HFP-GN GPEs to LMBs with cathodes of LiFePO_(4) and LiCoO_(2) deliver excellent electrochemical performances:after 300 cycles,the LiFePO_(4)/HFP-GN GPE/Li battery keeps a low capacity decay rate of 0.09%at 5 C;after 400 cycles at 2 C,the LiCoO_(2)/HFP-GN GPE/Li cell retains a high capacity retention of 74%.This GPE is demonstrated for the application prospect of safe LMBs.

关键词： poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP) gelatin polar groups lithium metal battery lithium dendrite