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Evolocumab in Pediatric Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 114-114页

作者： raul D Santos From the Lipid Clinic Heart Institute University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital and Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo (R.D.S.) Amgen Thousand Oaks CA (A.R. C.E.K A.H.) the Departments of Vascular Medicine (G.K.H. J.J.P.K.) and Pediatrics (A.W. I.L.) Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Cardiology Department Geneva University Hospital Geneva (F.M.) the Biostatistics Department Amgen Cambridge (I.B.) and the Department of Clinical Inherited Metabolic Disorders Birmingham Children’s Hospital Birmingham (S.S.) — both in the United Kingdom the Rare Diseases and Clinical Genetics Unit Academic Pediatric Department Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital (A.B.) and the Department of Molecular Medicine Umberto I Hospital Sapienza University of Rome (C.S.) Rome the Lipid Clinic Department of Medicine Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec–Université Laval Quebec (J.B.) and the Clinical Lipidology and Rare Lipid Disorders Unit Community Genomic Medicine Centre and ECOGENE-21 Department of Medicine Université de Montréal Chicoutimi QC (D.G.) — both in Canada the 2nd Department of Pediatrics Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary (T.S.) the Department of Internal Medicine Centres Hospitaliers Jolimont La Louvière Belgium (O.S.D.) and the Division of Pediatric Pulmonology Allergology and Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Medical University of Vienna Vienna (S.G.-P.).

Background:Evolocumab,a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9,is widely used in adult patients to lower low-density lipoprotein(LDL)cholesterol *** effects in pediatric patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia are not ***:We conducted a 24-week,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of evolocumab in pediatric patients with heterozygous familial *** 10 to 17 years of age who had received stable lipid-lowering treatment for at least 4 weeks before screening and who had an LDL cholesterol level of 130 mg per deciliter(3.4 mmol per liter)or more and a triglyceride level of 400 mg per deciliter(4.5 mmol per liter)or less were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive monthly subcutaneous injections of evolocumab(420 mg)or *** primary end point was the percent change in LDL cholesterol level from baseline to week 24;key secondary end points were the mean percent change in LDL cholesterol level from baseline to weeks 22 and 24 and the absolute change in LDL cholesterol level from baseline to week 24.

关键词： cholesterol Evolocumab lipoprotein

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Role of tumor associated macrophages in regulating pancreatic cancer progression

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World Journal of Immunology 2016年第1期6卷 9-18页

作者： raul Caso George Miller NYU School of Medicine NYU Langone Medical Center Departments of Surgery and Cell Biology NYU Langone Medical Center

Pancreatic cancer has an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Unfortunately, patient survival has not substantially improved in the last couple of decades despite advances in treatment modalities that have been successful in other cancer types. The poorresponse of pancreatic cancer to therapy is a major obstacle faced by clinicians. Increasing attention is being paid to how tumor cells and non-tumor cells influence each other in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） are a highlight in this field because of their vast presence in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and suppress the anti-tumor immune response. Here we review the current understanding of the role of TAMs in regulating the progression of pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Tumor-associated macrophages Tumor microenvironment Macrophages

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Characteristics of the active-layer under the China-Russia Crude Oil pipeline

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 323-337页

作者： SERBAN Mihaela LI Guo-yu SERBAN raul-David WANG Fei FEDOROV Alexander VERA Samsonova CAO Ya-peng CHEN Peng-chao WANG Wei State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Da Xing’anling Observation and Research Station of Frozen-Ground Engineering and Environment Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesJiagedaqi 165000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Melnikov Permafrost Institute SB RASYakutsk 677010Russia PetroChina Pipeline Company Langfang 065000China Jiagedaqi Oil and Gas Transmission Sub-company PetroChina Pipeline CompanyJiagedaqi 165000China

Active layer is a key component for permafrost environment studies as many subsurface biological,biogeochemical,ecological,and pedogenic activities prevail in this *** study focuses on active layer temperature monitoring in an area with sporadic permafrost at two adjacent sites along China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline(CRCOP),NorthEast *** T1 is located in disturbed ground on the right-of-way(on-ROW)2 m away from the center of the oil pipeline.T2 is located in a natural and undisturbed site,around 16.6 m *** objective was to study seasonal variability of the active layer depth and thermal regime from October 2017 to September *** monitoring sites consist of soil temperature probes arranged in a vertical array at different depths at both *** following parameters were computed:number of isothermal days(ID),freezing days(FD),thawing days(TD),freezing degree days(FDD),thawing degree days(TDD),number of freeze-thaw days(FTD).The mean air temperature in the monitoring period reached-3.2℃.The temperature profile indicates that the maximum active layer thickness observed during the study period was 10 m at T1 and 2 m at *** majority of the soil temperatures were above or close to 0℃,resulting in great values of TDD,especially in the first 4 m *** for T1 were predominant and ranged between 600-1160℃·days(0-4 m depth)reflecting the influence of oil temperature from the *** T2 borehole FDD were predominant for all the soil layer depths resulting in less permafrost *** comparison emphasizes the significant influence of vegetation removal and the dispersed heat from the pipeline on the active layer thickness.

关键词： Soil thermal regime Permafrost China Russia Crude Oil Pipeline Active layer

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Transvaginal Approach for Nongynecologic Intraperitoneal Procedures

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第21期5卷 1417-1429页

作者： Jose F.Noguera Gonzalo Martin Jose M.Munoz Antonio Melero raul sanchez Javier Valdivia Marcos Bruna Antonio Salvador Cristobal Zaragoza Minimally Invasive Therapies Unit Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de ValenciaValenciaSpain Department of Surgery Hospital Son LlatzerPalmaSpain Department of Surgery Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de ValenciaValenciaSpain Department of Surgery Hospital Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain

The minimally invasive surgery through natural orifices has revolutionized the laparoscopic surgery for abdominal procedures. The use of the vaginal approach is not new for gynecologists but it is a new concept for the non-gynecological laparoscopic surgeons. The use of this new approach has been used to perform some procedures and to extract specimens after a laparoscopic surgery, but we don’t know exactly the number of procedures performed until today. There are few papers with clinical experience and a lot of philosophical papers about NOTES. Our aim is to know how and how often we are using this new approach for non-gynecological abdominal minimally invasive procedures. With the revision of the PubMed publications we obtained a total of 268 articles, of which 125 were included in the analysis (46.64%). Cholecystectomy was the procedure more usually performed: there is a large clinical experience with a total of 2432 transvaginal cholecystectomies. Bariatric surgery, colectomy and appendectomy have been other surgical procedures with some clinical experience in the use of the transvaginal approach. Analyzing the publications on transvaginal approach, we observed that the use of the vaginal route for non-gynecological abdominal surgery was not anecdotal, with accumulative experience of more than 3000 patients reported in published studies. The use of the vaginal route has shown its safety, obtaining some additional benefits such as the aesthetic and the faster functional recovery. Dyspareunia, one of the most feared, has not been reported in studies as a concern to consider.

关键词： Transvaginal Surgery Endoscopic Surgery Laparoscopy Flexible Endoscopy

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Surfactant-free synthesis of metallic bismuth spheres by microwave-assisted solvothermal approach as a function of the power level

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2016年第4期10卷 394-404页

作者： Miriam ESTRADA FLORES Patricia SANTIAGO JACINTO Carmen M. REZA SAN GERMAN Luis RENDON VAZQUEZ raul BORJA URBY Nicolas CAYETANO CASTRO Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Circuito Exterior S/N Zona de Institutos Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F. Mexico Instituto de Fisica Circuito de la Investigaci6n Cientffica Edificio Marcos MoshinskyLaboratorio de Materiales Nanoestructurados Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F. Mexico Escuela Superior de Ingenierfa Qufmica e Industrias Extractivas Unidad Profesional Adolfo L6pez Mateos Edif. Z-5 2do. Piso Instituto Politecnico Nacional C.P. 07738 Mexico D.F. Mexico Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologfas. Instituto Politecnico Nacional Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/NUnidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos Zacatenco Delegaci6n Gustavo A. Madero C.P. 07738 Mexico D.F. Mexico

In the present work, the synthesis of micro- and nano-sized spheres of metallic bismuth by microwave-assisted solvothermal method is reported. The synthesis method was carried out at different power levels and at a unique frequency of microwave irradiation. The sphere sizes were controlled by the microwave power level and the concentration of dissolved precursor. Structural and morphological characterization was performed by SEM, HRTEM, EELS and XRD. The results demonstrated that rhombohedral zero valent Bi spheres were synthesized after microwave radiation at 600 and 1200 W. However, if the power level is decreased to 120 W, a monoclinic phase of Bi203 is obtained with a flake-like morphology. In comparison with a conventional hydrothermal process, the microwave-assisted solvothermal approach provides many advantages such as shorter reaction time, optimum manipulation of morphologies and provides a specific chemical phase and avoids the mixture of structural phases and morphologies which is essential for further applications such as drug delivery or functionalization with organic materials, thanks to its biocompatibility.

关键词： microwave oven power level metallic bismuth spherical structures mechanism of formation electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)

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Primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome associated with inflammatory bowel disease:A case report and systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第18期8卷 4075-4093页

作者： Vinícius Remus Ballotin Lucas Goldmann Bigarella Floriano Riva Georgia Onzi raul Angelo Balbinot Silvana Sartori Balbinot Jonathan Soldera Faculty of Medicine Universidade de Caxias do Sul(UCS)Caxias do Sul 95070560Brazil CPM Laboratório de Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul 95070561Brazil Clinical Gastroenterology Universidade de Caxias do Sul(UCS)Caxias do Sul 95070560Brazil

BACKGROUND A previously healthy 22-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and *** had a reagent antinuclear factor(1:640,with a homogeneous nuclear pattern)and hypergammaglobulinemia(2.16 g/dL).Anti-smooth muscle,antimitochondrial and anti-liver-kidney microsomal antibody type 1 antibodies were *** resonance cholangiography showed a cirrhotic liver with multiple focal areas of strictures of the intrahepatic bile ducts,with associated *** biopsy demonstrated periportal necroinflammatory activity,plasmocyte infiltration and advanced *** showed ulcerative pancolitis and mild activity(Mayo score 1),with a spared *** with corticosteroids,azathioprine,ursodeoxycholic acid and mesalamine was initiated,with improvement in laboratory *** patient was referred for a liver transplantation *** To report the case of a female patient with autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)overlap syndrome associated with ulcerative colitis and to systematically review the available cases of autoimmune hepatitis and PSC overlap *** In accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and metaanalysis protocols guidelines,retrieval of studies was based on medical subject headings and health sciences descriptors,which were combined using Boolean *** were run on the electronic databases Scopus,Web of Science,MEDLINE(PubMed),Biblioteca Regional de Medicina,Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature,Cochrane Library for Systematic Reviews and *** were restricted to English,Spanish and *** was no date of publication *** reference lists of the studies retrieved were searched *** The search strategy retrieved 3349 *** the final analysis,44 references were included,with a total of 109 cases *** most common clinical finding was jaundice and 43.5%of cases were associa

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel diseases

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Teleophthalmology: a strategy for timely diagnosis of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy in primary care, Concepción, Chile

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第9期12卷 1474-1478页

作者： Angelica Avendano-Veloso Felipe Parada-Hernandez raul Gonzalez-Ramos Camila Dougnac-Osses JoseLuis Carrasco-Saez Peter Henry Scanlon Telemedicine Unit University of ConcepcionConcepcion4070386Chile School of Medicine University of ConcepcionConcepcion4070386Chile University of Oxford University of GloucestershireOxfordOX1 2JDEnglandUK

AIM: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in a diabetic population of the public health system. METHODS: This non-experimental, descriptive and crosssectional study, with no direct control over the variables analysed, was carried out by the Telemedicine Unit of the University of Concepción(TELMED) and the Family Health Centers(CESFAM) of the Health Service Concepción, Chile, among a population of 7382 diabetic patients of the public health system, from October 2014 to June 2015. Two digital images for each patient’s eyes were obtained and uploaded to the TELMED tele-ophthalmology platform. The images were remotely evaluated by a retina expert ophthalmologist for diagnosis. Treatment and a referral(if required) were recommended, and an individualised report for each patient was sent to the place of ***: The prevalence of DR in this study was 14.9%. Of these, 48.7% had mild non-proliferative DR(NPDR), 30.8% moderate NPDR, 15.9% severe NPDR, and 4.6% proliferative DR. Of the patients with DR, 17.8% were referred for fluorescein angiography, 4.3% for panretinal photocoagulation, 1.2% for vitrectomy, and 0.4% for cataract ***: The use of telemedicine allowed an increased screening coverage for DR in diabetic patients. The different types of DR were detected in a timely manner, decreasing waiting times due to the lack of specialists in ophthalmology in the public health system.

关键词： ophthalmology teleophthalmology diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy telemedicine

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Pink bollworm moth （Lepidoptera： Gelechiidae） catches in the Imperial Valley, California from 1989 to 2003

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 469-475页

作者： CHANG-CHI CHU ERIC T. NATWICK raul LEON LOPEZ JOLENER. DESSERT THOMAS J. HENNEBERRY USDA-ARS U.S. Arid Land Regearch Center Maricopa AZ University of California Cooperative Research and Extension Holtville California USA Instituto Nacionel de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolasy Pecuxrias Mexicali B.C. Mexico Imperial County Agricultural Commissioner s Office EI Centrb California USA

We examined the patterns of male pink bollworm （PBW）, Pectinophora gossypiella （Saunders）, moth catches in gossyplure-baited traps over a 15-year period from 1989 to 2003 in the Imperial Valley, California, USA. Monitoring was conducted during periods when different pink bollworm areawide control strategies were being used. Numbers of male pink bollworm moths caught in gossyplure-baited traps progressively decreased each year from 1990 to 1994 during short-season cotton production. High numbers of male moths caught in traps from 1995 to 1997 may have been related to moth migrations from the large cotton acreages grown in the Mexicali Valley bordering the Imperial Valley. Transgenic Bollgard （Bt） cotton was planted in 3% of the cotton area in 1996 and thereafter in 80%- 94% of the cotton area from 1997 to 2003. Pink bollworm moth trap catches were significantly lower from 1998 to 2003 than catches in 1995 to 1997, except for 1999. The trapping results suggested that Bt cotton had significant input on reduction of pink bollworm populations, confirming results of other investigators and providing additional documentation on the benefits of the Bt cotton culture.

关键词： Bt cotton diapause larvae gossyplure migration Pectinophora gossypiella short-season cotton

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语言梦工厂零起点葡萄牙语讲课版

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丛书名：语言梦工厂

2015年

作者：（葡）raul Pissara审订

本书共分两大部分：语音基础篇和实战应用篇。语音基础篇详细介绍每个字母的发音要领、读音规则，设有录音跟读与示范等；实战应用篇涵盖生活、旅游及工作等各种交际主题，有助于掌握葡语发音。

ISBN: (纸本)9787111490852

关键词：葡萄牙语自学参考资料

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Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale: “Closed” door after the last randomized trials?

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World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第1期6卷 1-3页

作者： Joel Hernandez raul Moreno Department of Interventional Cardiology University Hospital La Paz

Patent foramen ovale(PFO) percutaneous closure has previously been an accepted intervention for the prevention of recurrent cryptogenic stroke on the basis of observational studies. However, randomized trials have been lacking until now. Three recently published randomized trials(CLOSURE I, PC and RESPECT) do not demonstrate the superiority of this intervention versus optimal medical therapy, therefore making this practice questionable. Nonetheless, these trials have had certain pitfalls, mainly a lower than initially estimated number of patients recruited, therefore lacking sufficient statistical power. On the other hand, different closure devices were used in the three trials. In two of them(PC and RESPECT), the Amplatzer PFO Occluder was used and the STARflex device was used in the other one(CLOSURE I). Taken altogether, a meta-analysis of these three trials does not demonstrate a statistically significant benefit of percutaneous PFO closure(1.9% vs 2.9%; P = 0.11). However, if we analyze only the PC and RESPECT trials together, in which the Amplatzer PFO Occluder was used, a statistically significant benefit of percutaneous PFO closure is observed(1.4% vs 3.0%, P = 0.04). In conclusion, our interpretation of these trials is that the use of a dedicated, specifically designed Amplatzer PFO device could possibly reducethe risk of stroke in patients with PFO and cryptogenic stroke. This consideration equally applies to patients who have no contraindications for anticoagulant or antithrombotic therapy.

关键词： Patent Foramen Ovale Closure Percutaneous Device Cryptogenic Stroke Risk

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