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Indirect calorimetry to estimate energy requirements for growing and finishing Nellore bulls

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第1期16卷 151-161页

作者： S L Posada-ochoa R R Noguera N M Rodriguez A L Costa R Reis Research Group in Agricultural Science-GRICA Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Universidad de Antioquia Medellin AA 1226 Colombia Animal Science Department of Veterinary School Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901 Brazil

Determination of nutritional requirements is the basis for diet formulation. The objectives of this study were to determine the net energy requirements for maintenance （NEro） and weight gain （NEg） in Nellore bulls during the growing and finishing phases, and to estimate efficiency of metabolizable energy （ME） utilization for maintenance and gain （km, kg）. Five Nellore bulls were housed in individual pens at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais （Belo Horizonte, Brazil） and evaluated over four experimental periods at 210, 315,378 and 454 kg shrunk body weight （SBW）, approximately. During each period, heat production （HP） was quantified by open circuit indirect calorimetry for three feeding levels： ad libitum, restricted and fasting. The NEm requirement was determined by linear regression between the Log of HP andthe ME intake （MEI） for the ad libitum and restricted levels. This requirement was also determined by quantifying fasting heat production （FHP）. The NEQ requirement was calculated by the difference between MEI and HP during ad libitum feeding. The k and kg were calculated by the relationship between net energy （NE） and ME requirements for maintenance and weight gain （MEm, MEp）, respectively. The NEm requirements per kg of metabolic empty body weight （EBW0.75） fluctuated between 348 and 517 kJ d-1, showing a decreasing trend with age, and were higher than the values reported in the literature. The NEg requirements ranged between 48.3 and 164 kJ kg-1 EBW0.75 d-1, and varied according to age and weight gain. The k values varied between 58.6 and 69.7%, while kg varied between 23.4 and 40.2%. We concluded that NEm and NEg requirements were influenced by age and possibly by the level of stress, nervousness and activity of animals into the respirometry chamber. Further studies should quantify HP with records of positional changes （time spent standing vs. lying down）. Additionally, HP quantification should be repeatedly performed in the same experimental period to

关键词： calorimetry efficiency of energy utilization energy requirements Zebu cattle

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Determination of 3-MeO-PCP in human blood and urine in a fatal intoxication case,with a specific focus on metabolites identification

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第4期6卷 208-214页

作者： Nadia Arbouche Pascal Kintz Cecile Zagdoun Laurie Gheddar Jean-Sébastien raul Alice Ameline ainstitut de Médecine Légale strasbourgFrance X-Pertise consulting MittelhausbergenFrance UnitéMédico-Judiciaire hôpital emile MullerMulhouseFrance

3-Methoxyphencyclidine(3-MeO-PCP)is a new psychoactive substance that belongs to the phencyclidines family,first identified in Europe in *** drug presents a stronger binding to N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptors when compared to phencyclidine,which results in more potent effects,even at low *** few articles have been published regarding 3-MeO-PCP in forensic *** this paper,the authors present a fatal 3-MeO-PCP intoxication *** addition to the detection of the parent drug,metabolites were investigated in urine and,for the first time in the scientific literature,in blood.3-MeO-PCP and its metabolites were quantitated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system(LC-MS/MS).Identification was confirmed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS).3-MeO-PCP tested positive in femoral blood(3525 ng/mL)and urine(7384 ng/mL).The femoral blood concentration was higher than the fatal concentrations range already reported in the literature(from 50 to 3200 ng/mL).3-MeO-PCP metabolites,including O-demethyl-3-MeO-PCP,piperidine-OH-3-MeO-PCP,O-demethyl-piperidine-di-OH-3-MeO-PCP and piperidine-di-OH-3-MeO-PCP,were detected in *** addition,two new metabolites,O-demethyl-piperidine-OH-3-MeO-PCP and O-demethyl-cyclohexyl-OH,were identified in both blood and ***,due to the lack of reference material on the market,it was not possible to measure the concentration of these ***,the ratios between the metabolites and the parent drug were useful to estimate their analytical response and *** this time,considering the low ratios(<1)between metabolites and parent drug,metabolites testing does not seem useful to increase the detection window of the drug.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology 3-MeO-PCP metabolites fatal intoxication blood urine

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Does cypermethrin affect enzyme activity, respiration rate and walking behavior of the maize weevil （Sitophilus zeamais）？

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Insect Science 2013年第3期20卷 358-366页

作者： Ronnie Von Santos Veloso Eliseu Jose G. Pereira raul Narciso C. Guedes Maria Goreti A. Oliveira Departamento de Entomologia Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal de Vicosa Brazil

Insecticides cause a range of sub-lethal effects on targeted insects, which are frequently detrimental to them. However, targeted insects are able to cope with insecti- cides within sub-lethal ranges, which vary with their susceptibility. Here we assessed the response of three strains of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky （Coleoptera.＂ Curculionidae） to sub-lethal exposure to the pyrethoid insecticide cypermethrin. We ex- pected enzyme induction associated with cypermethrin resistance since it would aid the resistant insects in surviving such exposure. Lower respiration rate and lower activity were also expected in insecticide-resistant insects since these traits are also likely to favor survivorship under insecticide exposure. Curiously though, cypermethrin did not affect ac- tivity of digestive and energy metabolism enzymes, and even reduced the activity of some enzymes （particularly for cellulase and cysteine-proteinase activity in this case）. There was strain variation in response, which may be （partially） related to insecticide resistance in some strains. Sub-lethal exposure to cypermethrin depressed proteolytic and mainly cellulolytic activity in the exposed insects, which is likely to impair their fitness. However, such exposure did not affect respiration rate and walking behavior of the insects （except for the susceptible strain where walking activity was reduced）. Walking activity varies with strain and may minimize insecticide exposure, which should be a concern, particularly if associated with （physiological） insecticide resistance.

关键词： insecticides insecticide resistance pyrethroids stored grain insect sub-lethal effects

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Quasi-in vivo corrosion behavior of AZ31B Mg alloy with hybrid MWCNTs-PEO/PCL based coatings

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第11期10卷 3217-3233页

作者： Morteza Daavari Masoud Atapour Marta Mohedano Hugo Mora Sánchez Juan Rodríguez-Hernández Endzhe Matykina raul Arrabal Aboozar Taherizadeh Department of Materials Engineering Isfahan University of Technology84156-83111 IsfahanIran Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense28040 MadridSpain Institute of Polymer Science and Technology(CSIC) Polymer Functionalization GroupMadrid 28006Spain

This study investigated the effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) and polycaprolactone(PCL) on the quasi-in vivo corrosion behavior of AZ31B Mg alloy treated by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO). Thin(~2 μm, PCTPCL4) and thick(~60 μm, PCTPCL6) PCL layers were applied only onto the MWCNTs-PEO coating(PCT) as it showed better corrosion performance. Findings reveal that incorporation of MWCNTs induced several structural and functional modifications in the PEO coating, such as increased roughness, a thicker inner barrier layer, and reduced ***-in vivo corrosion testing was carried out under controlled temperature, p H, and fluid flow in simulated body fluid(SBF) by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and hydrogen evolution experiments. EIS results revealed that, after 48 h immersion, a diffusion process controlled hydration of the ceramic coatings. Comparison of the collected hydrogen after 15 days of immersion in the quasi-in vivo environment revealed that the PEO and PCT ceramic coatings decreased hydrogen generation by up to 74% and 91%, respectively, compared to non-coated ***6 coating exhibited the lowest amount of collected hydrogen(0.2 m L/cm^(2)). The thick PCL layer delayed the onset of substrate corrosion for at least 120 h, reducing the corrosion rate by 85% compared with the PCT.

关键词： AZ31B Mg alloy Plasma electrolyte oxidation(PEO) Multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) Quasi-in vivo condition Polycaprolactone(PCL)

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Microphysiological systems for solid tumor immunotherapy:opportunities and challenges

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 77-106页

作者： Sara Abizanda-Campo María Virumbrales-Muñoz Mouhita Humayun Ines Marmol David J.Beebe Ignacio ochoa Sara Oliván Jose M.Ayuso Department of Dermatology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWIUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Tissue Microenvironment Lab(TME lab) Aragón Institute of Engineering Research(I3A)University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón(IISA) ZaragozaSpain Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red.Bioingeniería Biomateriales y Nanomedicina(CIBER-BBN)ZaragozaSpain Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeCambridgeMAUSA Department of Pathology&Laboratory Medicine University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA

Immunotherapy remains more effective for hematologic tumors than for solid *** of the main challenges to immunotherapy of solid tumors is the immunosuppressive microenvironment these tumors generate,which limits the cytotoxic capabilities of immune effector cells(e.g.,cytotoxic T and natural killer cells).This microenvironment is characterized by hypoxia,nutrient starvation,accumulated waste products,and acidic ***-hijacked cells,such as fibroblasts,macrophages,and T regulatory cells,also contribute to this inhospitable microenvironment for immune cells by secreting immunosuppressive cytokines that suppress the antitumor immune response and lead to immune ***,there is a strong interest in developing new drugs and cell formulations that modulate the tumor microenvironment and reduce tumor cell immune *** systems(MPSs)are versatile tools that may accelerate the development and evaluation of these therapies,although specific examples showcasing the potential of MPSs remain *** in microtechnologies have led to the development of sophisticated microfluidic devices used to recapitulate tumor *** resulting models,also known as microphysiological systems(MPSs),are versatile tools with which to decipher the molecular mechanisms driving immune cell antitumor cytotoxicity,immune cell exhaustion,and immune cell exclusion and to evaluate new targeted ***,we review existing microphysiological platforms to study immuno-oncological applications and discuss challenges and opportunities in the field.

关键词： immunotherapy versatile solid

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Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Screening in Acacia rigidula Benth. Leaves

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology（生命科学与技术进展） 2024年第1期

作者： Aneth ochoa-Negrete Rene Rangel Marcus Antonius Ynalvez Ruby A. Ynalvez

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Free-space local nonseparability dynamics of vector modes

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Photonics Research 2021年第4期9卷 439-445页

作者： Xiao-Bo Hu Benjamin Perez-Garcia Valeria Rodríguez-Fajardo raul I.Hernandez-Aranda Andrew Forbes Carmelo Rosales-Guzmán Wang Da-Heng Collaborative Innovation Center Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and ControlHarbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China Photonics and Mathematical Optics Group Tecnologico de MonterreyMonterrey 64849Mexico School of Physics University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg 2050South Africa Centro de Investigaciones enÓptica A.C.Loma del Bosque 115Colonia Lomas del campestre37150 LeónGto.Mexico

One of the most prominent features of quantum entanglement is its invariability under local unitary transformations,which implies that the degree of entanglement or nonseparability remains constant during free-space propagation,true for both quantum and classically entangled *** we demonstrate an exception to this rule using a carefully engineered vectorial light field,and we study its nonseparability dynamics upon free-space *** show that the local nonseparability between the spatial and polarization degrees of freedom dramatically decays to zero while preserving the purity of the state and hence the global *** show this by numerical simulations and corroborate it *** results evince novel properties of classically entangled modes and point to the need for new measures of nonseparability for such vectorial fields,while paving the way for novel applications for customized structured light.

关键词： local dynamics quantum

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火电厂多代理控制系统(英文)

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控制理论与应用 2004年第3期21卷 405-410页

作者：常江 Kwang Y.LEE raul GARDUNO-RAMIREZ 深圳职业技术学院机械电气工程系广东深圳518055 美国宾西法尼亚州州立大学电气工程系电气研究所仪器控制组(IIE)

针对火电厂非线性、多变量和多控制目标的特点,设计了一个火电厂多代理控制系统(PPMACS).在PP MACS中,前馈控制代理(FFCAs)采用神经模糊系统进行决策,反馈控制代理(FBCAs)采用基于遗传算法的模糊系统进行决策.优化任务分解代理(OTDAs)... 详细信息

针对火电厂非线性、多变量和多控制目标的特点,设计了一个火电厂多代理控制系统(PPMACS).在PP MACS中,前馈控制代理(FFCAs)采用神经模糊系统进行决策,反馈控制代理(FBCAs)采用基于遗传算法的模糊系统进行决策.优化任务分解代理(OTDAs)通过一个优化代理和一个分解代理来进行多目标优化分解PPMACS的任务.协调代理根据运行条件协调PPMACS的各个代理.仿真结果显示了火电厂多代理控制系统能够实现火电单元机组的多目标运行和大范围负荷跟踪.神经网络、模糊逻辑和遗传算法是PPMACS中的智能代理进行决策的有效工具.

关键词：决策反馈控制前馈控制模糊逻辑遗传算法多代理控制系统神经网络

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Intravenous haloperidol for the treatment of intractable vomiting,cyclical vomiting,and gastroparesis

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第3期12卷 228-231页

作者： Brad E.Schwartz Karen Keller Baker Andrew J.Bleinberger Amina Lleshi raul Cruz-Cano Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland Capital Region HealthUM Prince George’s Hospital CenterCheverly 20785USA Ross University School of Medicine Bridgetown Bridgetown 11093Barbados Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health of the University of MarylandBaltimore 21201USA

Dear editor,The incidence of emergency department(ED)visits from gastroparesis and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome has increased by two folds over the past decade.[1-3]Roldan et al[4]reported that patients with these conditions often have prolonged ED stays and are likely to be hospitalized because of the danger of dehydration and challenges inherent in relieving *** analgesia is a particularly troublesome treatment modality;these conditions are often chronic with frequent recurrences,and repeated opiate therapy can cause opioid dependency and narcotic bowel syndrome.[5]Haloperidol(HP)and droperidol,members of the butyrophenone class,have potent antidopaminergic activity in the chemoreceptor trigger zone.[6,7]Intramuscular administration of HP is being used increasingly in the ED to treat nausea,vomiting secondary to gastroparesis,[6]intractable vomiting,[8]and cyclical vomiting.

关键词： vomiting gastro treatment

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Preface to the Special Issue on Antarctic Meteorology and Climate:Past,Present and Future

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第5期37卷 421-422页

作者： Jiping LIU David BROMWICH Dake CHEN raul CORDERO Thomas JUNG Marilyn RAPHAEL John TURNER Qinghua YANG Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at AlbanyState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222USA Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyHangzhou 310012China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Departamento de Física University of SantiagoSantiago 3493Chile Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhaven 27570Germany Institute of Environmental Physics University of BremenBremen 28359Germany Department of Geography University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research CouncilCambridgeCB30ETUK School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

The Antarctic,including the continent of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean,is a critically important part of the Earth *** in Antarctic meteorology and climate has always been a challenging *** and predicting weather patterns in the Antarctic are important for understanding their role in local-to-global processes and facilitating field studies and logistical operations in the Antarctic(e.g.,Walsh et al.,2018).Studies of climate change in the Antarctic are comparatively neglected compared to those of the ***,significant climate changes have occurred in the Antarctic in the past several decades,i.e.,a strong warming over the Antarctic Peninsula even with a recent minor cooling,a deepening of the Amundsen Sea low,a rapid warming of the upper ocean north of the circumpolar current,an increase of Antarctic sea ice since the late 1970s followed by a recent rapid decrease,and an accelerated ice loss from the Antarctic ice shelf/sheet since the late 1970s(e.g.,Turner et al.,2005;Raphael et al.,2016;Sallée,2018;Parkinson,2019;Rignot et al.,2019).Investigating recent climate change in the Antarctic and the underlying mechanisms are important for predicting future climate change and providing information to policymakers.

关键词： Antarctic warming meteorology

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