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Partial Fusion (F) Gene Analysis of Newcastle Disease Virus Detected in Pakistan during 2021-2022

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 256-275页

作者： Muhammad Danish Mehmood Huma Anwar Ul-Haq rauf khalid Yasir Amin Muhammad Usman Ghani Muhammad Ismail Rabia Habib Fareeha Arshed Abdul Rasheed Shaukat Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan Research & Development Division Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Quality Assurance Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center Abbottabad Pakistan Quality Control Department Ottoman Pharma Immuno Lahore Pakistan Production Department Ottoman Pharma Lahore Pakistan Poultry Production Department Sabir&#8217s Poultry Pvt. Ltd. Sabroso Pakistan

Newcastle disease (ND) virus is a leading threat to commercial and domestic poultry in Pakistan. The virus infects and constitutes irreversible impairment to the nervous system, damages the respiratory system, and marks severe gastrointestinal lesions leading to heavy mortality in short-living birds and substantial losses in layers and breeders. The continuous emergence and evolution of the virus made it inclined to evade the humoral response and indirectly the circumvention of artificial active immunization. Newcastle disease is caused by the orthoavula genus of the paramyxoviridae family and has shown high genetic diversity even in their genotypes while information regarding enzootic trends of the virus is scanty in Pakistan. A total of 40 tracheal samples of NDV were collected from different commercial broiler farms and 11 isolates of NDV were identified. In the current study, we determined the genetic diversity of the Newcastle disease virus based on the partial sequencing of the fusion protein gene available in the NCBI database. Genetic analysis showed that seven isolates belonged to class I genotype VII and four belonged to class II genotype II. Interestingly, two isolates had epidemiological connections with vaccine-like class II genotype II. Our findings, concerning the recent outbreaks of class I genotype VII and class II genotype II of NDV in vaccinated commercial flocks, suggest possible potential partial mutations in the fusion protein gene. Genetic diversity and formation of the new cleavage site in an important neutralizing protein of wild strain are linked with the potency of artificial active immunization and a major cause of vaccine failure.

关键词： Newcastle Disease Virus Haemagglutination Inhibition Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetic Tree Mutation Analysis

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Oral administration of Moringa oleifera leaf powder relieves oxidative stress,modulates mucosal immune response and cecal microbiota after exposure to heat stress in New Zealand White rabbits

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1468-1482页

作者： Talat Bilal Yasoob Defu Yu Abdur rauf khalid Zhen Zhang Xiaofeng Zhu Heba M.Saad Suqin Hang National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNo.1 WeiGangXuanwu regionNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology College of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan 32200Pakistan Department of Livestock and Poultry Production Faculty of Veterinary SciencesBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60000Pakistan

Background:Heat stress(HS)disrupts the gut barrier allowing the uptake of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and leads to an inflammatory response and changes in gut microbiota *** oleifera leaf powder(MOLP)has been proposed to combat HS,yet its alleviate role is currently under *** current study investigated the effects of chronic HS and MOLP supplementation on changes in redox status and immune response of cecal mucosa along with alteration in cecal ***:A total of 21 young New Zealand White(NZW)rabbits(male)about 32 weeks old(mean body weight of 3318±171 g)reared on a commercial pelleted diet were employed;divided into three groups(n=7):control(CON,25°C),heat stress(HS,35°C for 7 h daily),and HS supplemented orally with MOLP(HSM,35°C)at 200 mg/kg body weight per day for 4 ***:The results demonstrated that MOLP supplementation increased organ index of cecal tissue compared with the HS group(P>0.05).Levels of malonaldehyde(MDA)and activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)as well as lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were reduced in the cecal mucosa of the HSM group compared with the HS *** downregulated the contents of cecal mucosa LPS,several inflammatory markers(TNF-α/IL-1α/IL-1β),and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the HSM group(P<0.05).Secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA)was increased in the HSM group compared with the HS group(P<0.05).The transcriptome of cecal mucosa showed that MOLP reduced gene expression relative to several immune factors,including IL-10,IFNG,and RLA,whereas both HS and MOLP increased the gene expression of fat digestion and absorption pathway,including APOA1,FABP1,FABP2,MTTP,andLOC100344166,compared to the CON group(P<0.001).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was increased by HS,while Actinobacteria was significantly increased by HSM compared to other groups(P<0.05).At genus level,Papillibacter was higher in abundance in HSM groups compared to CON and HS groups(P<0.05).Higher butyrate conce

关键词： Cecal microbiota Heat stress Moringa oleifera leaf powder Rabbits Short chain fatty acids

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Oral administration of Moringa oleifera leaf powder relieves oxidative stress, modulates mucosal immune response and cecal microbiota after exposure to heat stress in New Zealand White rabbits.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2021年第4期

作者： Talat Bilal Yasoob Defu Yu Abdur rauf khalid Zhen Zhang Xiaofeng Zhu Heba M.Saad Suqin Hang

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