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Remote-controlled dexamethasone-duration on eye-surface with a micelle-magnetic nanoparticulate co-delivery system for dry eye disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3730-3745页

作者： Qinxiang Zheng Chaoxiang Ge Kexin Li Longxin Wang Xiaoyu Xia Xiao Liu rashid mehmood Jianliang Shen Kaihui Nan Wei Chen Sen Lin National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325000China School of Chemical Engineering UNSW SydneyHigh StreetBuilding E10KensingtonNSW 2052Australia Adult Cancer Program Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyCorner Botany&High StreetsKensingtonNSW 2052Australia

Dexamethasone(DEX)is used to treat ocular surface ***,regulating DEX duration in tears while preventing its absorption into the anterior chamber is critical for balancing its therapy effects and the side *** this study,a novel magnetic nanoparticle(MNP)-micelle(MC)codelivery system(MMDS)was *** MC moiety in the MMDS served as the carrier for DEX and the MNP part endowed the MMDS with magnetic-responsive *** extend its residency,the MMDS was magnetically attracted by an external magnet after instilling,which acted as a precorneal drug-depot enabling a sustainable release of DEX in *** combination of magnet treatment,the topical instillation of MMDS@DEX significantly prolonged the DEX-retention in tears and increased the DEX-concentration in the cornea and conjunctiva,as well as concurrently reduced the DEX-level in the aqueous humor,when compared with the commercial DEX eye drop *** combination of MMDS@DEX and magnet treatment exerted significantly better therapeutic effects against DED with smaller side effects than conventional treatments including DEX suspension,commercial DEX eye drops,as well as the MMDS@DEX treatment *** present work provided a new method for the effective delivery of DEX to ocular surface tissues while reducing its side effects,which will be beneficial to the treatments of a wide range of ocular surface diseases.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle Micelle Dexamethasone Eye drop Bioavailability Dry eye disease Cornea Conjunctiva

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Web GIS-Based Temporal Analysis of Climatic Factors Impacting Heat Stroke in Karachi

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 61-69页

作者： Ali Atif Mahnoor Rehman Muhammad Butt Syed Mahmood Shahid Ghazi rashid mehmood Department of Management Victoria University Sydney Australia Department of Geography Government College University Lahore Pakistan Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Centre of Geographic Information System University of The Punjab Lahore Pakistan

This study focuses on the impact of climate change, specifically the increasing threat of heatwaves, in Pakistan, with a particular emphasis on the city of Karachi. The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) analysed a century of climatic data to reveal warming trends, attributing them to human-induced factors. The vulnerability of Pakistan to climate change is highlighted, given its warm climate and location in a region where temperature increases are expected to surpass global averages. The study examines the past three decades, noting a significant rise in the frequency of hot days, especially in Karachi, where heatwaves have become more prevalent. The aims and objectives of the study involve identifying temporal changes in temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind speed from 1984 to 2014 in Karachi. The literature review emphasizes the health implications of heatwaves, citing increased mortality during such events globally. The study incorporates a comprehensive temporal analysis, addressing gaps in previous research by considering multiple climate indicators responsible for heatwaves. The methodology involves statistical analyses, including linear regression and Pearson correlation, applied to temperature data and urbanization parameters. Results indicate an increasing trend in heat index temperature, with heatwave vulnerability peaking in the last three decades. Heat Index Temperature Anomalies show a clear surge, emphasizing the need for new indices to control critical heat stress conditions. The study concludes that tropical climate variability, particularly heat index, is linked to extreme hot days, urging measures to reduce population vulnerability. The findings underscore the importance of policy strategies, such as integrated coastal zone management, to mitigate the adverse health effects of heatwaves in Karachi’s vulnerable population.

关键词： IPCC Heat Wave Heat Index PMD

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One dimensional nickel phosphide polymorphic heterostructure as carbon-free functional support loading single-atom iridium for promoted electrocatalytic water oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 410-417页

作者： rashid mehmood Guifa Long Wenjun Fan Mingrun Li Lifang Liu Fuxiang Zhang StateKey Laboratory of Catalysis iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian 116023LiaoningChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China GuangxiKey Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi Minzu UniversityNanning 530008GuangxiChina

Although conducting materials such as carbon nanotube and carbon fiber paper(CFP)have been extensively employed as support of electrocatalytic active sites,most of them are of poor catalytic functionality by themselves and undesirable stability during strong acid/alkaline environments or oxidation *** we report a novel one-dimensional(1D)nickel phosphide polymorphic heterostructure(denoted as NPPH)to work as one effective carbon-free functional support for loading of single-atom Ir water oxidation ***,the NPPH composed of both Ni12P5and Ni2P phases is not only active for robust alkaline water oxidation but also is of good stability and hydrophilicity for favorable loading of single-atom dispersed *** NPPH supported single-atom Ir electrocatalyst(Ir/NPPH)is found to exhibit remarkably superior water oxidation activity with respect to the NPPH itself or CFP supported single-atom Ir catalyst(Ir/CFP),demonstrating the synergetic promotion effect between NPPH and single-atom Ir ***,the NPPH supported single-atom Ir catalyst can bear alkaline water oxidation for over 120 h at current density of 50 mA cm^(-2).The NPPH developed here is expected as functional support to composite with other water oxidation catalysts,as may be an alternative strategy of developing highly efficient carbon-free electrocatalysts.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Single atom catalyst Nickel phosphide Heterostructure One-dimensional

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A review and taxonomy of wind and solar energy forecasting methods based on deep learning

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第2期4卷 136-160页

作者： Ghadah Alkhayat rashid mehmood Department of Computer Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia High Performance Computing Centre King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Renewable energy is essential for planet *** energy output forecasting has a significant impact on making decisions related to operating and managing power *** prediction of renewable energy output is vital to ensure grid reliability and permanency and reduce the risk and cost of the energy market and *** learning’s recent success in many applications has attracted researchers to this field and its promising potential is manifested in the richness of the proposed methods and the increasing number of *** facilitate further research and development in this area,this paper provides a review of deep learning-based solar and wind energy forecasting research published during the last five years discussing extensively the data and datasets used in the reviewed works,the data pre-processing methods,deterministic and probabilistic methods,and evaluation and comparison *** core characteristics of all the reviewed works are summarised in tabular forms to enable methodological *** current challenges in the field and future research directions are *** trends show that hybrid forecasting models are the most used in this field followed by Recurrent Neural Network models including Long Short-Term Memory and Gated Recurrent Unit,and in the third place Convolutional Neural *** also find that probabilistic and multistep ahead forecasting methods are gaining more ***,we devise a broad taxonomy of the research using the key insights gained from this extensive review,the taxonomy we believe will be vital in understanding the cutting-edge and accelerating innovation in this field.

关键词： Deep learning Renewable energy forecasting Solar energy Wind energy Taxonomy Hybrid methods

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The role of green industrial transformation in mitigating carbon emissions:Exploring the channels of technological innovation and environmental regulation

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第3期5卷 464-479页

作者： Saima mehmood Khalid Zaman Shiraz Khan Zohaib Ali Haroon ur rashid Khan Department of Economics The University of HaripurHaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620Pakistan Department of Management Sciences The University of HaripurHaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620Pakistan Department of Energy and Process Engineering(EPT) Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyHøgskoleringen 1Trondheim 7034Norway Faculty of Business The University of Wollongong in DubaiDubai 20183United Arab Emirates

The industrial sector is vital to economic progress,yet industrial pollution poses environmental and economic *** purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of green industrial transformation in re-ducing Pakistan’s carbon intensity between 1975 and *** emissions are considered an endogenous construct,while foreign direct investment(FDI)inflows,technological innovation,green industrial transforma-tion,environmental legislation,and research and development(R&D)investment are possible *** association between variables is assessed using the robust least-squares *** industrial transforma-tion is connected with lower carbon emissions,yet technical innovation,R&D investment,and inbound FDI raise a country’s carbon *** findings support the pollution haven hypothesis in a *** causality esti-mates indicate that inward FDI contributes to environmental regulations;green industrial transformation directly relates to inbound FDI and R&D expenditures;and technological innovations correspond to inbound FDI,R&D ex-penditures,industrial ecofriendly progression,and environmental *** to the impulse response function,environmental policies are anticipated to have a differential effect on carbon emissions in 2023,2024,2028-2030,while they are likely to decrease in the years 2025-2027 and 2031 ***,inward FDI and technology advancements would almost certainly result in a rise in carbon emissions over *** industrial transitions are projected to result in a ten-year reduction in carbon *** variance decomposi-tion analysis indicates that eco-friendly industrial adaptations would likely have the largest variance error shock on carbon emissions(11.747%),followed by inbound FDI,technological advancements,and regulatory changes,with R&D spending having a minimal impact over ***’s economy should foster a green industrial revolution to avoid pollution and increase environm

关键词： Carbon intensity Industrial green transformation Environmental regulations Technological innovations Robust least squares regression

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Partial slip effect on non-aligned stagnation point nanofluid over a stretching convective surface

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第1期24卷 369-376页

作者： S.Nadeem rashid mehmood Noreen Sher Akbar Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan DBS&H CEMENational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

The present study inspects the non-aligned stagnation point nano fluid over a convective surface in the presence of partial slip. Two types of base fluids namely water and kerosene are selected with Cu nanoparticles. The governing physical problem is presented and transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. These equations are then solved numerically using midpoint integration scheme along with Richardson extrapolation via Maple. Impact of relevant physical parameters on the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are portrayed through graphs. Physical quantities such as local skin frictions co-efficient and Nusselt numbers are *** is detected from numerical computations that kerosene-based nano fluids have better heat transfer capability compared with water-based nanofluids. Moreover it is found that water-based nanofluids offer less resistance in terms of skin friction than kerosene-based fluid. In order to authenticate our present study, the calculated results are compared with the prevailing literature and a considerable agreement is perceived for the limiting case.

关键词： partial slip non-aligned stagnation point nanofluid stretching convective surface

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Systematic Survey on Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence for COVID-19 Containment

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 1793-1817页

作者： Saeed M.Alshahrani Jameel Almalki Waleed Alshehri rashid mehmood Marwan Albahar Najlaa Jannah Nayyar Ahmed Khan Department of Computer Science College Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra UniversityShaqraSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer in Al-LithUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia High-Performance Computing Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Artificial Intelligence(AI)has gained popularity for the containment of COVID-19 pandemic *** AI techniques provide efficient mechanisms for handling pandemic *** methods,protocols,data sets,and various validation mechanisms empower the users towards proper decision-making and procedures to handle the *** so many tools,there still exist conditions in which AI must go a long *** increase the adaptability and potential of these techniques,a combination of AI and Bigdata is currently gaining *** paper surveys and analyzes the methods within the various computational paradigms used by different researchers and national governments,such as China and South Korea,to fight against this *** process of vaccine development requires multiple medical *** process requires analyzing datasets from different parts of the *** learning and the Internet of Things(IoT)revolutionized the field of disease diagnosis and disease *** accurate observations from different datasets across the world empowered the process of drug development and drug *** overcome the issues generated by the pandemic,using such sophisticated computing paradigms such as AI,Machine Learning(ML),deep learning,Robotics and Bigdata is essential.

关键词： COVID-19 IoT artificial intelligence big data coronavirus deep learning robotics machine learning

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多碳界面工程用于促进NiFe纳米复合电催化剂的产氧反应

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2022年第9期43卷 2354-2362页

作者：乔玉彦潘艳秋张江威王彬武婷婷范文俊曹雨程 rashid mehmood 张飞章福祥大连理工大学化工学院辽宁大连116024 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础国家重点实验室洁净能源国家实验室能源材料化学协同创新中心辽宁大连116023

NiFe基电催化剂在水氧化反应中已经得到了广泛研究,但是,基于多界面修饰对电催化析氧反应(OER)的研究仍然不足.本课题组开发了通过多种碳基界面工程的协同作用来提高NiFe基纳米电催化剂OER性能的方法.在碳纤维纸(CFP)上原位生长碳纳米... 详细信息

NiFe基电催化剂在水氧化反应中已经得到了广泛研究,但是,基于多界面修饰对电催化析氧反应(OER)的研究仍然不足.本课题组开发了通过多种碳基界面工程的协同作用来提高NiFe基纳米电催化剂OER性能的方法.在碳纤维纸(CFP)上原位生长碳纳米管以改善CFP和NiFeO_(x)H_(y)之间的界面,同时采用碳复合NiFeO_(x)H_(y)的策略优化NiFeO_(x)H_(y)界面的电荷转移和电子结构.基于这种策略合成的NiFeO_(x)H_(y)-C/CNTs/CFP催化剂在电流密度10 mA cm^(-2)条件下的过电位为202 mV,稳定时间达到72 h,表现出较好的水氧化性能.扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、场发射透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射等结果表明,CNTs提高了催化剂的分散度,从而暴露了更多的活性位点,碳掺杂改变了催化剂的晶态,导致催化剂无定形化.Raman光谱则证实了掺杂碳是以无定形碳和石墨碳的形态存在.电化学阻抗谱结果表明,碳界面修饰降低了催化剂和电解液之间的界面电荷传递电阻,加速了水氧化反应的动力学.除了界面电阻和电化学活性位点数量,催化剂的电化学性能还与催化剂的电化学活性面积(ECSA)以及金属中心的电子结构密切相关.与NiFe/CNTs/CFP催化剂相比,催化剂NiFe-C/CNTs/CFP具有较低的活性面积和较高的几何活性,也证实了碳掺杂提高了催化剂的本证活性.X射线光电子能谱和X射线吸收谱则提供了多碳界面修饰对催化剂电子结构变化的依据.根据EXAFS拟合数据,键长分别为2.301和2.578Å的分裂峰归属于Fe-O-C配位层,证实了金属Fe和碳材料之间存在很强的相互作用,这种相互作用有助于提高催化剂的分散度,并且减弱金属和金属之间的相互作用,从而优化催化剂表面对中间态物种的化学吸附能.为了考察NiFe-C/CNTs/CFP和NiFe/CNTs/CFP两种催化剂在OER反应中可能的机理,本文测试了它们在不同pH条件下的极化曲线,通过建立电流密度的对数值和pH之间的线性关系,证实了两种催化剂的OER反应速控步骤均为去质子化过程.另外,根据Arrhenius方程计算结果表明,在过电位为300 mV的条件下,NiFe/CNTs/CFP和NiFe-C/CNTs/CFP的OER反应活化能分别为16.8和11.2 kJ mol^(-1),进一步证实了多碳界面修饰策略有效降低了水氧化反应的反应能垒.综上,本文为开发高效稳定的过渡金属水氧化电催化剂提供了新途径,有助于进一步拓展碳复合材料在电催化OER反应中的应用.

关键词：电催化剂析氧反应界面工程碳纳米管纳米复合物

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Towards Foreign Tourist at Heritage Sites Using GIS: A Case Study of Lahore

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第5期14卷 516-526页

作者： Atif Ali Raheema Elahi Muhammad Atif Butt rashid mehmood Kashif Shafique Syed Amer Mahmood Department of Space Science University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada Department of Geography Forman Christian College University Lahore Pakistan

Pakistan is potentially a good tourist destination for cultural and heritage overs because the Indus and Gandhara Civilizations, and a great Mughals heritage also exists in Pakistan particularly in Lahore city. Tourism is the fastest growing industry in modern world. This study is based on the number of foreign tourist who visited the heritage sites of Lahore. The purpose of the study is to examine the number of foreign tourist who visited the heritage sites of the Lahore at Shalimar Gardens, Lahore Fort and Lahore Museum and to find the tourism trend in Lahore whether it is declining or growing high. The secondary source of data was used and data was collected from archeology department, Lahore Museum and Pakistan Year Book of Statics 2014. Tools used for research purpose were Microsoft excel, Microsoft word and ARC GIS. The number of foreign tourists that visited Lahore fort were highest in 2006 i.e. 21,178 this is the highest number of tourists who visited Lahore Fort in 15 years and 2906 lowest number of foreign tourist who visited Lahore fort, at Shalimar Gardens highest number of foreign tourists was 8558 in 2000 and the lowest number was 309 in 2013 and at Lahore Museum in 7242 tourists is the highest number of Foreign tourist who visited museum in 2000 and the lowest number of foreign tourists that visited Lahore Museum was 1825 in 2010. The trend of foreign tourism in Lahore is declining after the incident of nine eleven due to terrorism. But now with the efforts of government and work of Walled city authority foreign tourism industry is growing in Lahore as it is the Queen of cities having major and attractive heritage places for tourist.

关键词： Temporal Analysis foreign Tourism Lahore Fort Shalimar Gardens Lahore Museum

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Novel Investigation of Stochastic Fractional Differential Equations Measles Model via the White Noise and Global Derivative Operator Depending on Mittag-Leffler Kernel

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2289-2327页

作者： Saima rashid Fahd Jarad Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Natural Sciences School of Arts and SciencesLebanese American UniversityBeirut11022801Lebanon Department of Mathematics Faculty of Arts and ScienceÇnkaya UniversityAnkara06790Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402TaiwanChina

Because of the features involved with their varied kernels,differential operators relying on convolution formulations have been acknowledged as effective mathematical resources for modeling real-world *** this paper,we constructed a stochastic fractional framework of measles spreading mechanisms with dual medication immunization considering the exponential decay and Mittag-Leffler *** this approach,the overall population was separated into five ***,the descriptive behavior of the system was investigated,including prerequisites for the positivity of solutions,invariant domain of the solution,presence and stability of equilibrium points,and sensitivity *** included a stochastic element in every cohort and employed linear growth and Lipschitz criteria to show the existence and uniqueness of *** numerical simulations for various fractional orders and randomization intensities are illustrated.

关键词： Measles epidemic model Atangana-Baleanu Caputo-Fabrizio differential operators existence and uniqueness qualitative analysis Newton interpolating polynomial

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