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Fractography Analysis with Topographical Features of Multi-Layer Graphene Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposites

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Graphene 2016年第4期5卷 166-177页

作者： rasheed atif Fawad Inam Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Newcastle UK

The stiff and fragile structure of thermosetting polymers, such as epoxy, accomplices the innate cracks to cause fracture and therefore the applications of monolithic epoxy are not ubiquitous. However, it is well established that when reinforced especially by nano-fillers, its ability to withstand crack propagation is propitiously improved. The crack is either deflected or bifurcated when interacting with strong nano-filler such as Multi-Layer Graphene (MLG). Due to the deflection and bifurcation of cracks, specific fracture patterns are observed. Although these fracture patterns seem aesthetically appealing, however, if delved deeper, they can further be used to estimate the influence of nano-filler on the mechanical properties. Here we show that, by a meticulous examination of topographical features of fractured patterns, various important aspects related to fillers can be approximated such as dispersion state, interfacial interactions, presence of agglomerates, and overall influence of the incorporation of filler on the mechanical properties of nanocomposites.

关键词： Fractography Multi-Layer Graphene (MLG) Epoxy Nanocomposites Mechanical Properties

Modeling and Simulation of Graphene Based Polymer Nanocomposites: Advances in the Last Decade

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Graphene 2016年第2期5卷 96-142页

作者： rasheed atif Fawad Inam Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Newcastle UK

Modeling and simulation allow methodical variation of material properties beyond the capacity of experimental methods. The polymers are one of the most commonly used matrices of choice for composites and have found applications in numerous fields. The stiff and fragile structure of monolithic polymers leads to the innate cracks to cause fracture and therefore the engineering applications of monolithic polymers, requiring robust damage tolerance and high fracture toughness, are not ubiquitous. In addition, when “many-parts” cling together to form polymers, a labyrinth of molecules results, which does not offer to electrons and phonons a smooth and continuous passageway. Therefore, the monolithic polymers are bad conductors of heat and electricity. However, it is well established that when polymers are embedded with suitable entities especially nano-fillers, such as metallic oxides, clays, carbon nanotubes, and other carbonaceous materials, their performance is propitiously improved. Among various additives, graphene has recently been employed as nano-filler to enhance mechanical, thermal, electrical, and functional properties of polymers. In this review, advances in the modeling and simulation of grapheme based polymer nanocomposites will be discussed in terms of graphene structure, topographical features, interfacial interactions, dispersion state, aspect ratio, weight fraction, and trade-off between variables and overall performance.

关键词： Graphene Polymer Nanocomposites Modeling Simulation

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Graphene 2016年第2期5卷 55-72页

作者： rasheed atif Fawad Inam Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Newcastle UK

Modeling and simulation allow methodical variation of material properties beyond the capacity of experimental methods. Due to the hexagonal structure of graphene, it is considered as frame-like structure. In the frame, covalent C-C bonds are taken as beams joined together with carbon atoms placed at the joints. Uniaxial beam elements, defined by their cross-sectional area, material properties, and moment of inertia represent the covalent bonds. The parameters of the beam elements are determined by establishing equivalence between structural and computational mechanics. However, the bonds connecting the carbon atoms do not have physical existence as they are a compromise between attractive and repulsive forces. Also, defects at nanoscale make graphene different from frame-like structure. In addition, the topography of graphene makes it non-linear structure and even the axial loading changes to eccentric loading. Here we show that, by using basic statics principles, disparities between graphene and frame-likes structures can be highlighted.

关键词： Modeling Graphene Frame-Like Structure Topographical Features Stress Concentration

Influence of Macro-Topography on Damage Tolerance and Fracture Toughness of Monolithic Epoxy for Tribological Applications

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2016年第2期4卷 335-360页

作者： rasheed atif Fawad Inam Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK

Influence of topographical features on mechanical properties of monolithic epoxy samples has been studied. The topographical features studied include waviness (Wa), roughness average (Ra), root mean square value (Rq), and maximum roughness height (Rmax or Rz). The Rz of as-cast monolithic epoxy samples was 13.93 μm. By treating with velvet cloth, the Rz value significantly decreased to 2.28 μm. The Rz value of monolithic epoxy sample treated with abrasive paper 1200P was 4.85 μm which was also lower than that of as-cast monolithic epoxy samples. However, Rz values significantly increased by treating with abrasive papers 320P and 60P and became 20.32 μm and 39.32 μm, respectively. It was interesting to note that although Ra, Wa, and Rq, all increased by treating the monolithic epoxy samples with abrasive paper 1200P, however, Rz decreased by abrasive paper 1200P. A weight loss of up to 17% was observed in monolithic epoxy samples after the treatment with the abrasive papers. Both V-shaped and U-shaped notches were produced on the surfaces of the samples. The mechanical properties were significantly degraded due to surface notches mainly because of the associated stress concentration effect. The topographical features also influenced the dynamic mechanical properties and fracture mode.

关键词： Topography Fracture Toughness Monolithic Epoxy Mechanical Properties Fractography

Orchestrating seed storage protein and starch accumulation toward overcoming yield–quality trade-off in cereal crops

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 468-483页

作者： Shuanghe Cao Bingyan Liu Daowen Wang Awais rasheed Lina Xie Xianchun Xia Zhonghu He State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/National Wheat Improvement Center Institute of Crop SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Achieving high yield and good quality in crops is essential for human food security and ***,there is usually disharmony between yield and *** storage protein(SSP)and starch,the predominant components in cereal grains,determine yield and quality,and their coupled synthesis causes a yield–quality ***,dissection of the underlying regulatory mechanism facilitates simultaneous improvement of yield and ***,we summarize current findings about the synergistic molecular machinery underpinning SSP and starch synthesis in the leading staple cereal crops,including maize,rice and *** further evaluate the functional conservation and differentiation of key regulators and specify feasible research approaches to identify additional regulators and expand *** also present major strategies to leverage resultant information for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality by molecular ***,future perspectives on major challenges are proposed.

关键词： cereal crops grain yield and quality seed storage protein starch synergistic regulation

Enhancing Communication Accessibility:UrSL-CNN Approach to Urdu Sign Language Translation for Hearing-Impaired Individuals

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 689-711页

作者： Khushal Das Fazeel Abid Jawad rasheed Kamlish Tunc Asuroglu Shtwai Alsubai Safeeullah Soomro Department of Computer Engineering Modeling Electronics and Systems EngineeringUniversity of CalabriaRende Cosenza87036Italy Department of Information Systems University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim UniversityIstanbul34303Turkey Department of Software Engineering Istanbul Nisantasi UniversityIstanbul34398Turkey Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusLahore54700Pakistan Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere UniversityTampere33720Finland Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences in Al-KharjPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 151Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Second Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and ComputingGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 4418USA

Deaf people or people facing hearing issues can communicate using sign language(SL),a visual *** works based on rich source language have been proposed;however,the work using poor resource language is still *** other SLs,the visuals of the Urdu Language are *** study presents a novel approach to translating Urdu sign language(UrSL)using the UrSL-CNN model,a convolutional neural network(CNN)architecture specifically designed for this *** existingworks that primarily focus on languageswith rich resources,this study addresses the challenge of translating a sign language with limited *** conducted experiments using two datasets containing 1500 and 78,000 images,employing a methodology comprising four modules:data collection,pre-processing,categorization,and *** enhance prediction accuracy,each sign image was transformed into a greyscale image and underwent noise *** analysis with machine learning baseline methods(support vectormachine,GaussianNaive Bayes,randomforest,and k-nearest neighbors’algorithm)on the UrSL alphabets dataset demonstrated the superiority of UrSL-CNN,achieving an accuracy of ***,our model exhibited superior performance in Precision,Recall,and F1-score *** work not only contributes to advancing sign language translation but also holds promise for improving communication accessibility for individuals with hearing impairments.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks Pakistan sign language visual language

Development of Sustainable Wireless Resource model through Shrewd Neural Network

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Data Intelligence 2024年第3期6卷 649-665页

作者： Shahzad Ashraf Furqan Memon Fouzia Akram Zeeshan rasheed Shahzad Sarwar Bhattit Innam Ullah NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology Multan Pakistan DHA Suffa University Karachi Pakistan Mir Chakar Khan Rind University Sibi Pakistan Emerson University Multan Pakistan Gachon University Seongnam 13120Republic of Korea

Due to an increasing number of wireless spectrums,the network components are tangling with multiple frequencies and the result create hindrance in resource management *** resource management process,data leakage is one of the sensitive enigma that requires an astute *** all these issues,a sustainable wireless resource management proposal(DSWR-SNN)has been developed by incorporating a shrewd Neural *** resources are managed by testing performance of each network component connected wirelessly through dataset testing which matches the results from the dataset *** performance of the proposed DSWR-SNN method has been compared with state of the art studies Hopfield Neural Network(HNN),Radio Resource Management(RRM),and Deep Q-Network(DQN),and results are evaluated by conducting simulation using Python with TensorFlow based on Bandwidth Utilization,Duplicate Packet Handling,Data Leakage,and Energy *** result illustrates the marvelous performance of the proposed method and effective in addressing the challenges of resource allocation in wireless communication systems.

关键词： Neural network Sustainable resources Dataset testing Dataset corpus,Data leakage

Comprehensive Understanding of Immune Cells in The Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2024年第9期51卷 2082-2100页

作者： OUYANG Fei-Fan rasheed Madiha LI Bo DENG Yu-Lin Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyZhuhai 519088China Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease,defined by several phases,ranging from benign fat accumulation to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),which can lead to liver cancer and *** NAFLD is a disease of disordered metabolism,it also involves several immune cell-mediated inflammatory processes,either promoting and/or suppressing hepatocyte inflammation through the secretion of pro-inflammatory and/or anti-inflammatory factors to influence the NAFLD ***,the underlying disease mechanism and the role of immune cells in NAFLD are still under investigation,leaving many open-ended *** this review,we presented the recent concepts about the interplay of immune cells in the onset and pathogenesis of *** also highlighted the specific non-immune cells exhibiting immunological properties of therapeutic significance in *** hope that this review will help guide the development of future NAFLD therapeutics.

关键词： non-alcoholic fatty liver disease metabolically associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) T cells myeloid cells mesenchymal stem cells

Privacy-Preserving Information Fusion Technique for Device to Server-Enabled Communication in the Internet of Things:A Hybrid Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1305-1323页

作者： Amal Al-rasheed Rahim Khan Tahani Alsaed Mahwish Kundi Mohamad Hanif Md.Saad Mahidur R.Sarker Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science AbdulWali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluSabah88400Malaysia Applied College Taibah UniversityMadinah41477Saudi Arabia Maynooth International Engineering College Maynooth UniversityCo KildareW23 X021Irland Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia Institute of Visual Informatics Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia University of Design Innovation and Technology(UDIT)Av.Alfonso XIII97Madrid28016Spain

Due to the overwhelming characteristics of the Internet of Things(IoT)and its adoption in approximately every aspect of our lives,the concept of individual devices’privacy has gained prominent attention from both customers,i.e.,people,and industries as wearable devices collect sensitive information about patients(both admitted and outdoor)in smart healthcare *** addition to privacy,outliers or noise are among the crucial issues,which are directly correlated with IoT infrastructures,as most member devices are resource-limited and could generate or transmit false data that is required to be refined before processing,i.e.,***,the development of privacy-preserving information fusion techniques is highly encouraged,especially those designed for smart IoT-enabled *** this paper,we are going to present an effective hybrid approach that can refine raw data values captured by the respectivemember device before transmission while preserving its privacy through the utilization of the differential privacy technique in IoT *** window,i.e.,δi based dynamic programming methodology,is implemented at the device level to ensure precise and accurate detection of outliers or noisy data,and refine it prior to activation of the respective transmission ***,an appropriate privacy budget has been selected,which is enough to ensure the privacy of every individualmodule,i.e.,a wearable device such as a smartwatch attached to the patient’s *** contrast,the end module,i.e.,the server in this case,can extract important information with approximately the maximum level of ***,refined data has been processed by adding an appropriate nose through the Laplace mechanism to make it useless or meaningless for the adversary modules in the *** proposed hybrid approach is trusted from both the device’s privacy and the integrity of the transmitted information *** and analytical results ha

关键词： Internet of things information fusion differential privacy dynamic programming Laplace function