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Deciphering the Risk Factors of Autism: Are We There Yet?

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第10期4卷 65-76页

作者： rasheeba nizam Suad Al Fadhli Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Kuwait University Kuwait City Kuwait

Background: Autism represents a group of developmental disorder that pose a major challenge to world-wide societies and healthcare providers with limited diagnostics and medical cure. It is widely been considered as a mental disorder characterized by speech deficit and repetitive behavior. The presumed etiology of autism involves genetic, immunologic, intestinal and synaptic irregularities, aside from environmental toxicities. Yet, the prospective factor that triggers or predominates autism remains barely understood. Objective: Herein we aim to review the literature to identify the risk factors associated with the development of autism and the need to investigate the underlying pathological events. Results: Genetic factors have been widely investigated in autism for its role in inflammation, neuronal function, metabolism and detoxification. It’s assumed to be negatively impacted by heavy metals, allergens, infectious agents and environmental pollutants. Considering the fact that, these elements individually does not make up autism, one would expect a complex interplay of neuro inflammatory and gastrointestinal system in the pathophysiology of the disease. Gut-brain axis may serve as a potential pathological link representing the plethora of mechanistic events involved in the development of autism. Abnormal activation of mast and neuro glial cells may lead to deregulated expression of cytokines and neuroactive compounds, which may disrupt the blood brain barrier permeability leading to inflammation. Alternatively it may also interfere with intestinal permeability, gut physiology, microbial composition and related metabolites. Conclusion: A glance through the literature indicates the likelihood of genetic variations and environmental factors in triggering a cascade of inflammatory events leading to the development of autism. Though relatively little information is known regarding the factors that initiate the onset and the progression of the disease;the rising prevale

关键词： Autism Risk Gut-Brain Axis

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Biosynthesized Persicaria odorata-silver nanoparticles supported zeolite Y as biocompatible antibacterial agent against Cutibacterium acnes

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 1-10页

作者： Muhammad Hariz Asraf Nik Ahmad nizam Nik Malek Muhammad Redza Mohd Radzi Hendra Susanto Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310SkudaiJohorMalaysia Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials(CSNano) Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research(ISI-SIR)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310UTMJohorMalaysia Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Negeri MalangIndonesia

Conventionally synthesized silver nanoparticles(AgNP)imposed an alarming effect on the environment and caused toxicity to ***,the use of zeolite(zeoY)as a support system could increase its biocompatibility and reduce its ***,green synthesis of AgNP using Persicaria odorata leaves extract supported on zeolite Y has been prepared by an in situ synthesis *** phytochemical compounds in the optimized leaf extract concentration of 1%and volume of 0.9 mL reduced the silver ions to AgNP within the zeolite Y *** observation revealed the incorporation of AgNP in the zeolite Y(average size:18.51 nm).The release of AgNP exhibited antibacterial activity on *** at a concentration lower than 1 g L^(−1) which is also dependent on the ***-zeoY promoted cell proliferation in vitro and it has a non-irritating effect when tested in the in vivo skin irritation model.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Biosynthesis Zeolite Antibacterial Biocompatible

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Magnetic hydroxyapatite nanobelt-stem cell hybrid spheroids for remotely patterning bone tissues

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BMEMat(BioMedical Engineering Materials) 2024年第1期2卷 146-159页

作者： Min Hao Wenhan Wang Anil Kumar Wan Hairul Anuar Kamaruddin Syafiqah Saidin Nik Ahmad nizam Nik Malek Jerome Claverie Hong Liu State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinanChina The Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Department of Chemistry University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor BahruJohorMalaysia Department of Chemistry Universitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada

The low survival rate and poor differentiation efficiency of stem cells,as well as the insufficient integration of implanted stem cells,limit the regeneration of bone ***,we have developed magnetic ferroferric oxidehydroxyapatitepolydopamine(Fe3O4-HAp-PDA)nanobelts to assemble mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)into a three-dimensional hybrid spheroid for patterning bone *** nanobelts,which are featured by their highaspect ratio and contain Fe3O4 nanospheres with a PDA coating,can be manipulated by a magnetic field and foster enhanced cell-nanobelt *** strategy has been demonstrated to be effective for both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells,enabling remote manipulation of stem cell spheroids and efficient spheroid fusion,which in turn accelerates osteogenic ***,this methodology serves as an efficient and general tool for bone tissue printing and can potentially overcome the low survival rate and poor differentiation efficiency of stem cells,as well as mismatched interface fusion issues.

关键词： hybrid spheroid hydroxyapatite nanobelt mesenchymal stem cells osteogenesis differentiation tissue printing

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Evaluation of Functional and Radiological Outcome of Arthroscopic-Assisted Anatomical Coracoclavicular (CC) and Acromioclavicular (AC) Ligament Reconstruction in Chronic AC Joint Dislocation

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 223-237页

作者： Muhammad Hafiz Daud Lim Wee Cheong Ang Xi Yuan Che Wan Mohd Shaiful nizam Siti Hawa Tahir Arthroscopy Sports Injury Unit Orthopedic Department Hospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Introduction: Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation is a common shoulder injury, comprising 9% - 12% of shoulder girdle injuries. Optimal management remains challenging, with treatment decisions guided by the Rockwood classification system. Controversies surround grade III injuries, necessitating further classification. Non-operative treatment has shown favorable outcomes, while surgical interventions vary. Anatomical coracoclavicular reconstruction (ACCR) has demonstrated biomechanical advantages over traditional methods. Arthroscopic techniques offer advantages, minimizing deltoid detachment and allowing concurrent pathology identification. This study evaluates the outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted ACCR in chronic AC joint dislocation. Surgical Technique: Arthroscopic-assisted ACCR involves meticulous portal placement, tendon graft harvesting, diagnostic arthroscopy, and coracoid exposure. The clavicle tunnels were made to mimic the conoid and trapezoid ligament positions, using FibreTape#2 loop and Dog Bone Button for correct placement against the coracoid base, and passing the semitendinosus graft through to reconstruct the conoid ligament, reduction done and graft follow through for anatomical reconstruction. Methods: A retrospective cohort study at Hospital Kuala Lumpur analyzed 35 patients undergoing arthroscopic-assisted ACCR for Rockwood grade III - V AC joint dislocations. Inclusion criteria encompassed trauma ≥ 3 weeks prior, no prior shoulder injuries, and ≥12-month follow-up. Functional and radiological assessments utilized ASES scores and coracoclavicular distances, respectively. Statistical analysis employed descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: The mean age was 38.9 years (SD 11.26), and 34 of 35 patients were male. Grade IV injuries were predominant (37.1%). Waiting time for surgery averaged 234.9 days. Functional improvement was substantial postoperatively (ASES: 55.5 to 88.9). Radiological outcomes demonstrated reduced coraco

关键词： Arthroscopic-Assisted Anatomical Coracoclavicular and Acromioclavicular Ligament Reconstruction (AACR) Chronic Acromioclavicular Dislocation ASES Score Rockwood Classification

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Experimental Study on Cross-Flow Induced Vibrations in Heat Exchanger Tube Bundle

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China Ocean Engineering 2017年第1期31卷 91-97页

作者： KHUSHNOOD Shahab nizam Luqman Ahmad Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Taxila Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering HITEC University Taxila Pakistan

Vibration in heat exchangers is one of the main problems that the industry has faced over last few decades. Vibration phenomenon in heat exchangers is of major concern for designers and process engineers since it can lead to the tube damage, tube leakage, baffle damage, tube collision damage, fatigue, creep etc. In the present study, vibration response is analyzed on single tube located in the centre of the tube bundle having parallel triangular arrangement （60-） with P/D ratio of 1.44. The experiment is performed for two different flow conditions. This kind of experiment has not been reported in the literature. Under the first condition, the tube vibration response is analyzed when there is no internal flow in the tube and under the second condition, the response is analyzed when the internal tube flow is maintained at a constant value of 0.1 rn/s. The free stream shell side velocity ranges from 0.8 rn/s to 1.3 m/s, the reduced gap velocity varies from 1,80 to 2.66 and the Reynolds number varies from 44500 to 66000. It is observed that the internal tube flow results in larger vibration amplitudes for the tube than that without internal tube flow. It is also established that over the current range of shell side flow velocity, the turbulence is the dominant excitation mechanism for producing vibration in the tube since the amplitude varies directly with the increase in the shell side velocity. Damping has no significant effect on the vibration behavior of the tube for the current velocity range.

关键词： cross-flow tube bundle parallel Iriangular internal tube flow damping

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Homogeneous tree height derivation from tree crown delineation using Seeded Region Growing(SRG)segmentation

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第3期23卷 195-208,I0001页

作者： Muhamad Farid Ramli Khairul nizam Tahar Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics Faculty of Architecture Planning and SurveyingUniversiti Teknologi MARAShah AlamSelangorMalaysia

The demand for tree height derivation is increasing year by year,especially for large plantation and forest *** conventional method needs a long time to complete tree measurement for large forest area,especially when using a pole,measuring tape,rangefinder,clinometer,and tree *** study aims to evaluate the height of oil palm tree based on crown diameter by using a multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).Digital Elevation Model(DEM)and orthophoto were generated by using Agisoft software,while oil palm tree crown diameter was delineated by using seed generation with Quantum Geographic Information System(QGIS)and Seeded Region Growing(SRG)segmentation methods in the System for Automated Geoscientific Analysis(SAGA).The study validates the results between the actual tree height and tree height estimated from *** results showed that the orthophoto was successfully generated with a Ground Sampling Distance(GSD)of 2.95 cm and 129 tree crowns were successfully *** accuracy of the tree height as compared to the actual measurement was 57.7 *** conclusion,UAV images are capable of determining the tree height after going through the correct procedure to help foresters in their daily task.

关键词： Oil palm diameter validation accuracy Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)

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2维薛定谔方程的一种高精度紧致差分格式

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江西师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期48卷 189-193页

作者：依力米努尔·尼扎木开依沙尔·热合曼新疆大学数学与系统科学学院新疆乌鲁木齐830046

该文对2维薛定谔方程利用局部一维化方法,将2维方程分裂为x、y方向的2个1维薛定谔方程,然后采用6阶紧致格式的离散方法来处理空间变量的2阶导数项,将薛定谔方程转化为一个常微分方程组.通过L-稳定Simpson方法对上述空间离散化得到的常... 详细信息

该文对2维薛定谔方程利用局部一维化方法,将2维方程分裂为x、y方向的2个1维薛定谔方程,然后采用6阶紧致格式的离散方法来处理空间变量的2阶导数项,将薛定谔方程转化为一个常微分方程组.通过L-稳定Simpson方法对上述空间离散化得到的常微分方程进行离散化,得到了一种具有空间6阶精度和时间3阶精度的格式,并证明了该格式无条件稳定性.并通过数值模拟和对比方法验证了格式的有效性.

关键词： 2维薛定谔方程高精度紧致差分格式局部1维化方法 L-稳定Simpson方法

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Hepatic and renal effects of oral stingless bee honey in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 113-123页

作者： Suriati Mohd Nasir Anis Farihan Ismail Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail Wan Faiziah Wan Abdul Rahman Wan Amir nizam Wan Ahmad Tengku Ahmad Damitri Al-Astani Tengku Din Kuttulebbai Nainamohammed Salam Sirajudeen Department of Chemical Pathology School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKota Bharu 16150KelantanMalaysia Endocrinology Laboratory Department of Chemical PathologySchool of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKota Bharu 16150KelantanMalaysia Department of Pathology School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKota Bharu 16150KelantanMalaysia Biomedicine Program School of Health SciencesHealth CampusUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKota Bharu 16150KelantanMalaysia Department of Basic Medical Sciences Kuliyyah of MedicineInternational Islamic University MalaysiaBandar Indera MahkotaKuantan 25200PahangMalaysia

BACKGROUND Diabetes is known damage the liver and kidney,leading to hepatic dysfunction and kidney *** is believed to help in lowering the blood glucose levels of diabetic patients and reducing diabetic ***,the effect of stingless bee honey(SBH)administration in relieving liver and kidney damage in diabetes has not been *** To investigate the effect of SBH administration on the kidney and liver of streptozotocin-induced(STZ;55 mg/kg)diabetic Sprague Dawley *** The rats were grouped as follows(n=6 per group):non-diabetic(ND),untreated diabetic(UNT),metformin-treated(MET),and SBH+metformin-treated(SBME)*** successful diabetic induction,ND and UNT rats were given normal saline,whereas the treatment groups received SBH(2.0 g/kg and/or metformin(250 mg/kg)for 12 *** biochemical parameters and histological changes using hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and periodic acid–Schiff(PAS)staining were *** On H&E and PAS staining,the ND group showed normal architecture and cellularity of Bowman’s capsule and tubules,whereas the UNT and MET groups had an increased glomerular cellularity and thickened basement *** SBH-treated group showed a decrease in hydropic changes and mild cellularity of the glomerulus vs the ND group based on H&E staining,but the two were similar on PAS ***,the SBME-treated group had an increase in cellularity of the glomerulus on H&E staining,but it was comparable to the SBH and ND groups on PAS *** diabetic rats had tubular hydropic tubules,which were smaller than other *** fatty vacuole formation and dilated blood sinusoids in liver tissue were seen in the SBH ***,the UNT group had high glucose levels,which subsequently increased MDA levels,ultimately leading to liver *** treatment reduced this damage,as evidenced by having the lowest fasting glucose,serum alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminase,and alkaline phosphatase l

关键词： Diabetes Streptozotocin Stingless bee honey Hematoxylin and eosin Periodic acid-Schiff Liver Kidney

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Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Persicaria odorata leaf extract: Antibacterial, cytocompatibility, and in vitro wound healing evaluation

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Particuology 2022年第11期70卷 10-19页

作者： Faridah Aminullah Lubis Nik Ahmad nizam NikMalek Nor Suriani Sani Khairunadwa Jemon Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTMSkudaiJohorMalaysia Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials(CSNano) Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research(ISI-ISIR)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTMSkudaiJohorMalaysia Office of Deputy Vice Chancellor(Research and Innovation) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTMSkudaiJohorMalaysia

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles(b-AgNPs)utilising plant extract has gained the interest of researchers due to the environmentally friendly and cost-effective ***,the extent of its application in the biomedical field remains *** study evaluates the antibacterial,cytocompatibility,and wound healing activities of synthesised AgNPs using Persicaria odorata leaves extract(PO-AgNPs).The formation of PO-AgNPs was observed by visual colour changes and verified by ultraviolet-visible(UV–vis)spectrophotometer,which revealed a surface plasmon resonance(SPR)at around 440 nm,and further confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD).Characterisation using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy showed biomolecules from the leaves extract presented together on *** emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM)and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM)images revealed PO-AgNPs nanospheres with diameters of 11±3 *** diffusion test(DDT)and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)analysis resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of PO-AgNPs against tested Staphylococcus epidermidis and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).These results were further corroborated by time-kill kinetic assay which revealed that PO-AgNPs were bactericidal against both strains 24 h *** and in vitro wound healing evaluation against normal human fibroblast cells,HSF 1184 inferred that PO-AgNPs are non-toxic to normal cells and able to enhance cell migration as compared to the non-treated ***,PO-AgNPs are biocompatible and possess antibacterial and wound healing capabilities that are useful in biomedical applications.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Biosynthesis Antibacterial Cytocompatibility Wound healing

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Exploring Students Engagement Towards the Learning Management System (LMS) Using Learning Analytics

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第4期37卷 73-87页

作者： Shahrul nizam Ismail Suraya Hamid Muneer Ahmad A.Alaboudi Nz Jhanjhi Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science&Information TechnologyUniversity MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Information systems College of Computer and Information SciencesShaqra UniversitySaudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Engineering SCETaylor’s UniversitySubang Jaya47500Malaysia

Learning analytics is a rapidly evolving research discipline that uses theinsights generated from data analysis to support learners as well as optimize boththe learning process and environment. This paper studied students’ engagementlevel of the Learning Management System (LMS) via a learning analytics tool,student’s approach in managing their studies and possible learning analytic methods to analyze student data. Moreover, extensive systematic literature review(SLR) was employed for the selection, sorting and exclusion of articles fromdiverse renowned sources. The findings show that most of the engagement inLMS are driven by educators. Additionally, we have discussed the factors inLMS, causes of low engagement and ways of increasing engagement factorsvia the Learning Analytics approach. Nevertheless, apart from recognizing theLearning Analytics approach as being a successful method and technique for analyzing the LMS data, this research further highlighted the possibility of mergingthe learning analytics technique with the LMS engagement in every institution asbeing a direction for future research.

关键词： Learning analytics student engagement learning management system systematic literature review

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