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生物炼制的简要回顾与发展前景

生物产业技术 2008年第1期 27-27页

作者： raphael m.ottenbrite 美国弗吉尼亚联邦大学

生物炼制是许多生物过程的整合．通过生物炼制过程能够制造出食品、衣服、燃料，化学品以及其他能为人类所用的产品。近年来，由于世界性的能源危机．将自然产物向生物燃料的转换已成了焦点话题。但是人们对自然产物的炼制并不属于一项... 详细信息

生物炼制是许多生物过程的整合．通过生物炼制过程能够制造出食品、衣服、燃料，化学品以及其他能为人类所用的产品。近年来，由于世界性的能源危机．将自然产物向生物燃料的转换已成了焦点话题。但是人们对自然产物的炼制并不属于一项创新．而是历史上第二古老的行业，这一行业涉及生物质向乙醇的转换。笔者在发言中介绍了生物材料向人类有用产品转换的进展情况。

关键词：生物过程炼制发展前景生物燃料产品转换能源危机生物材料化学品

Is it possible to run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 756-758页

作者： raphael H.O.Araujo Andre O.Werneck Gilmar m.de Jesus Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970Brazil School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4006Australia Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Psychological medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK Public Health Post-Graduate Program State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristovao 490100-000Brazil

We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport and Health *** article started an important discussion about a physical activity(PA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to PA *** we agree with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for PA promotion,the authors presented a scenario where behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the *** the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that reduce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences related to PA;furthermore,affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.

关键词： promotion inequalities furthermore

Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael m.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilmar m.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.m.Silva Robert G.Weaver mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(mVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions weremin of mVPA≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of mVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

Pushing the limits of liver surgery for colorectal liver metastases:Current state and future directions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第2期11卷 34-40页

作者： raphael LC Araujo marcelo m Linhares Department of Digestive Surgery Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP Department of Oncology Americas Medical Service/Brazil United Health Group Postgraduation Program Barretos Cancer Hospital

Liver surgery for the treatment of colorectal liver metastases is the standard treatment in a dynamic surgical field with many variables that should be considered in a curative intent scenario. Hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases has undergone constant changes over the last 30 years, including indications until the need for rescue procedures of recurrent and advanced diseases as well as minimally invasive surgery. These advancements in liver surgery have not only resulted from overall improvements in the surgical field but have also resulted from a better understanding of the biological behavior of the disease, liver regeneration, and homeostasis during and after *** in anesthesiology, intensive care medicine, radiology, and surgical devices have correlated with further advancements of hepatectomies. moreover,changes are still forthcoming, and both fields of augmented reality and artificial intelligence will likely have future contributions in this field in regard to both diagnoses and the planning of procedures. The aim of this editorial is to emphasize several aspects that have contributed to the paradigm shifts in colorectal liver metastases surgery over the last three decades as well as to discuss the factors concerning patient selection and the technical aspects of liver surgery. Finally, this editorial will highlight the promising new features of this surgery for diagnoses and treatments in this field.

关键词： Colorectal liver metastases Cancer Hepatectomy Liver Surgery Oncology

Advanced surface coil layout with intrinsic noise cancellation properties for surface-NmR applications

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magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第2期3卷 140-149,I0004页

作者： Thomas Hiller Stephan Costabel raphael Dlugosch Tobias Splith mike müller-Petke Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources Wilhelmstr.25-30Berlin13595Germany Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources Stilleweg 2Hannover3655Germany Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics Stilleweg 2Hannover30655Germany

A recent study demonstrated that in small-scale prepolarized surface nuclear magnetic resonance(SNmR-PP)measurements with a footprint of a few square meters,customized PP switch-off ramps can serve as an efficient excitation mechanism,eliminating the requirement for a conventional oscillating excitation *** approach enables the detection of short relaxation signals from the unsaturated soil zone and can,therefore,be used to directly provide soil moisture and pore geometry *** ultimately such small-scale SNmR-PP setups are intended for a mobile application,it is necessary to develop strategies that allow for speedy measurement progress and do not require noise cancellation protocols based on reference ***,we developed a new concentric figure-of-eight(cFOE)loop layout that combines the direction independence of a circular loop with the intrinsic noise cancellation properties of a classical *** approach significantly decreases the measurement time because suitable signal-to-noise ratios are reached much faster compared to a classical circular loop and will bring us one step further toward fast and non-invasive soil moisture mapping applications.

关键词： Surface-NmR Prepolarization Noise cancellation Loop layout

Targeting the “undruggable” RAS - new strategies - new hope?

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 813-826页

作者： Britta mörchen Oleksandr Shkura raphael Stoll Iris Helfrich Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department Medical FacultyUniversity Duisburg-EssenWest German Cancer CenterEssen 45147Germany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK)partner site Düsseldorf/Essen Essen 45147Germany Biomolecular NmR Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University of BochumBochum D-44780Germany

K-RAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in solid tumors,such as pancreatic,colon or lung *** GTPase K-RAS can either be in an active(GTP-loaded)or inactive(GDP-loaded)*** its active form K-RAS forwards signals from growth factors,cytokines or hormones to the nucleus,regulating essential pathways,such as cell proliferation and *** turn,activating somatic mutations of this proto-oncogene deregulate the complex interplay between GAP(GTPase-activating)-and GEF(Guanine nucleotide exchange factor)-proteins,driving neoplastic *** to a rather shallow surface,K-RAS lacks proper binding pockets for small molecules,hindering drug development over the past thirty *** review summarizes recent progress in the development of low molecular antagonists and further shows insights of a newly described interaction between mutant K-RAS signaling and PD-L1 induced immunosuppression,giving new hope for future treatments of K-RAS mutated cancer.

关键词： K-RAS small molecules immune checkpoints PD-1 PD-L1

A multiscale analysis of herbaceous species richness in a mediterranean ecosystem

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第2期6卷 113-121页

作者： Lior Blank raphael Linker Yohay Carmel Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel

Aims studies of species distribution patterns traditionally have been conducted at a single scale,often overlooking species-environment relationships operating at finer or coarser *** diversity-related hypotheses at multiple scales requires a robust sampling design that is nested across *** chief motivation in this study was to quantify the contributions of different predictors of herbaceous species richness at a range of local *** Here,we develop a hierarchically nested sampling design that is balanced across scales,in order to study the role of several envi-ronmental factors in determining herbaceous species distribution at various scales *** focus on the impact of woody vegetation,a relatively unexplored factor,as well as that of soil and *** detection and ranging(liDAR)imaging enabled precise characterization of the 3D structure of the woody vegetation,while acoustic spectrophotometry allowed a particularly high-resolution mapping of soil CaCo3 and organic matter *** Findings We found that woody vegetation was the dominant explanatory variable at all three scales(10,100 and 1000 m2),accounting for more than 60%of the total explained *** addition,we found that the species richness-environment relationship was scale *** studies that explicitly address the issue of scale do so by comparing local and regional *** results show that efforts to conserve plant communities should take into account scale dependence when analyzing species richness-environment relationships,even at much finer resolutions than local *** addition,conserving heterogeneity in woody vegetation structure at multiple scales is a key to conserving diverse herbaceous communities.

关键词： LiDAR Ramat Hanadiv Nature Park redundancy analysis species-environment relationship woody vegetation

Automated phenotyping of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos with a high-throughput-screening microfluidic platform

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1103-1116页

作者： Huseyin Baris Atakan Tunc Alkanat matteo Cornaglia raphael Trouillon martin A.m.Gijs Laboratory of microsystems Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenThe Netherlands

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been extensively used as a model multicellular organism to study the influence of osmotic stress conditions and the toxicity of chemical compounds on developmental and motility-associated ***,the several-day culture of nematodes needed for such studies has caused researchers to explore *** particular,*** embryos,due to their shorter developmental time and immobile nature,could be exploited for this purpose,although usually their harvesting and handling is ***,we present a multiplexed,high-throughput and automated embryo phenotyping microfluidic approach to observe *** embryogenesis after the application of different chemical *** performing experiments with up to 800 embryos per chip and up to 12h of time-lapsed imaging per embryo,the individual phenotypic developmental data were collected and analyzed through machine learning and image processing *** proof-of-concept platform indicates developmental lag and the induction of mitochondrial stress in embryos exposed to high doses(200mm)of glucose and NaCl,while small doses of sucrose and glucose were shown to accelerate ***,our new technique has potential for use in large-scale developmental biology studies and opens new avenues for very rapid high-throughput and high-content screening using *** embryos.

关键词： doses fluid harvesting

Reproductive ecology of the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri(Heller,1862)in a coastal area of Southern Brazil

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中国海洋湖沼学报：英文版 2016年第1期34卷 125-135页

作者： GRABOWSKI raphael Cezar NEGREIROS-FRANSOZO maria Lucia CASTILHO Antonio Leao Zoology Department Botucatu Biosciences InstituteSao Paulo State UniversityBotucatu

The predictability of certain environmental factors that affect the life cycle of the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri(Heller,1862) was evaluated in a study of its reproductive biology in an area adjacent to Babitonga Bay,State of Santa Catarina,Brazil. monthly sampling was conducted from July 2010 through June 2011 at depths of 5,8,11,14,and 17 m.76 004 individuals were obtained,with a pronounced peak in absolute abundance in austral autumn(34 208),coinciding with the annual closed season from march to may. Grain size composition of the sediment showed the closest relationship to the distribution of individuals(multiple linear regression,P males(bearing spermatophores) and females with spent gonads(cross-correlation,P males and reproductive females(with a 1-month lag) suggest that the peak of reproductive males preceded the peak offemale ones. This result agrees with the pattern expected for females,which copulate in post-ecdysis(spent gonads). Spawning seemed to take place at greater depths,as evidenced by the concentration of reproductive females in these areas. The reproductive activities observed here confirm that this species follows a tropical/subtropical reproductive pattern,spawning continuously throughout the year,with the highest peaks in spring and autumn. The data indicate that the juvenile recruitment period observed in August-September resulted from the reproductive output noted in April–may. Additionally,the reproductive period recorded in November led to the juvenile peak observed in march–may.

关键词： crustacean fisheries Dendrobranchiata environmental effects recruitment spawning