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Exosomes: Emerging implementation of nanotechnology for detecting and managing novel corona virus-SARS-CoV-2

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2022年第1期17卷 20-34页

作者： Akhilesh Dubey Cynthia Lizzie Lobo Ravi GS Amitha Shetty Srinivas hebbar Sally ael-Zahaby Department of Pharmaceutics NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesNitte(Deemed to be University)Mangaluru 575018India Formulation and Development Viatris R&D CentreBengaluru 560105India Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of PharmacyPharos University in AlexandriaAlexandria 21311Egypt

The spread of SARS-CoV-2 as an emerging novel coronavirus disease (CoVID-19) had progressed as a worldwide pandemic since the end of 2019. CoVID-19 affects firstly lungs tissues which are known for their very slow regeneration. Afterwards, enormous cytokine stimulation occurs in the infected cells immediately after a lung infection which necessitates good management to save patients. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of nanometric size released by reticulocytes on maturation and are known to mediate intercellular communications. The exosomal cargo serves as biomarkers in diagnosing various diseases;moreover, exosomes could be employed as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems. Exosomes look promising to combat the current pandemic since they contribute to the immune response against several viral pathogens. Many studies have proved the potential of using exosomes either as viral elements or host systems that acquire immune-stimulatory effects and could be used as a vaccine or drug delivery tool. It is essential to stop viral replication, prevent and reverse the massive storm of cytokine that worsens the infected patients’ situations for the management of CoVID-19. The main benefits of exosomes could be;no cells will be introduced, no chance of mutation, lack of immunogenicity and the damaged genetic material that could negatively affect the recipient is avoided. Additionally, it was found that exosomes are static with no ability for in vivo reproduction. The current review article discusses the possibilities of using exosomes for detecting novel coronavirus and summarizes state of the art concerning the clinical trials initiated for examining the use of CoVID-19 specific T cells derived exosomes and mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes in managing CoVID-19.

关键词： Exosomes CoVID-19 Specific T cell-derived exosomes Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes Nanotechnology SARS-Co V-2

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Protective effect of Citrus reticulata peel extract against potassium dichromate-induced reproductive toxicity in rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第6期8卷 267-275页

作者： Samir AE Bashandy omar A-h Ahmed-Farid Enayat Aomara Sayed ael-Toumy Josline YSalib Pharmacology Department National Research Centre33 El-Bohouth St.DokkiP.O.12622GizaCairoEgypt Physiology Department National Organization for Drug Control and ResearchCairoEgypt Pathology Department National Research CentreCairoEgypt Chemistry of Tannins Department National Research CentreCairoEgypt

objective:To study the protective effect of Citrus reticulata peel extract against potassium dichromate-induced reproductive impairment in male Wistar ***:A total of 35 male Wistar rats were equally divided into 5 *** control group orally received an equivalent volume of saline(1 mL);group 2 was given potassium dichromate at 10 mg/kg/body weight(b.w.)orally for eight weeks;group 3 and 4 orally received Citrus reticulata peel extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg/***,followed by treatment with potassium *** 5 was administered with 400 mg/kg/*** reticulata peel extract *** parameters including oxidative stress(malondialdehyde,antioxidant enzymes),sex hormones(testosterone,luteinizing hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone)and inflammation indexes(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,inter leukin 6)were *** characteristics(sperm morphology,motility and count)were also ***:The decrease of male sex hormones concentration in plasma(testosterone,luteinizing hormone),testicular antioxidant parameters(reduced glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase,carnitine),sperm motility and sperm count induced by potassium dichromate was mitigated by Citrus reticulata peel ***,the peel extract alleviated the increase of sperm abnormalities,follicle-stimulating hormone,testicular malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide levels caused by potassium *** sections of rats treated with the potassium dichromate were characterized by some histopathological changes as disorganization of spermatogonial cell layers and deformation of Leydig cells.A positive immune-reaction for p53 was observed in testicular cells of the rats treated with potassium *** extract of Citrus reticulata peel improved the testicular histology and decreased p53 positive immune-reaction in potassium dichromate administered ***:Citrus reticulata peel extract can alleviate the reproductive toxicity t

关键词： Citrus reticulatapeel extract Potassium dichromate Sperm Testicular function oxidative stress Anti-inflammatory

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Anomalous Emission And Carrier Effect of Fresh Porous Silicon

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第3期18卷 270-273页

作者： ZoU Bing-suo WU Zhen yu CAo Li DAI Jian-hua XIE Si-shen WANG Jian ping Mostafa ael-Sayed optical Lab Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080P.R.China Laser Dynamics Laboratory School of Chemistry and BiochemistryGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332-0400

The emission and Fourier transformation infrared spectra of freshly prepared porous silicon(PS) and the silicon wafer were examined. Increasing temperature generally led to a decrease in the emission intensities of the PS samples, however, the freshly prepared sample showed an unusually large and sudden increase in its emission intensity at the specific temperature at which the hydrogen ion conductivity in the silicon wafer increased. The o-h vibrations of the silicon wafer also showed a sudden decrease at the same temperature. These results are consistent with the assumption that the luminescence of fresh PS comes from the carrier bound exciton in its confined nanostructure.

关键词： Porous silicon Silicon wafer Carrier effect

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Improved genetic distance-based spatial deployment can effectively minimize inbreeding in seed orchard

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 117-124,126,125,127页

作者： Boning Yang haihong Sun Jiandong Qi Shihui Niu Yousry ael-Kassaby Wei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design National Engineering Laboratory for Forest Tree BreedingCollege of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Liaoning Research Institute of Sandy Land Control and Utilization Xihe DistrictFuxin City 123000Liaoning ProvinceChina College of Information Science and Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences Faculty of ForestryThe University of British Columbia2424 Main MallVancouverBritish Columbia V6T 1Z4Canada

Background:Inbreeding in seed orchards is expected to increase with the advancement of breeding cycles,which results in the delivery of crops with suboptimal genetic gain,reduced genetic diversity,and lower seed ***,a genetic distance-dependent method for clonal spatial deployment in seed orchards was developed and demonstrated,which reduced the inbreeding *** method’s main evaluation parameter of inbreeding is the genetic distance among individuals and the deployment method used an improved adaptive parallel genetic algorithm(IAPGA)based on Python *** inbreeding-prone Chinese Mongolian pine breeding population material originating from a single natural population,the proposed method was compared to a traditional orchard design and a distance-based design;namely,complete randomized block(RCB)and optimum neighborhood(oNA)designs,***:With the advancement of selective breeding cycles,group separation among orchard related individuals is expected to *** on the genetic distance among individuals,the IAPGA design was superior in significantly reducing the inbreeding level as compared to the two existing designs,confirming its suitability to advanced-generation orchards where relatedness among parents is *** the 1st,2nd,and mixed generations clonal deployment schemes,the IAPGA design produced lower inbreeding with 87.22%,81.49%,and 87.23%of RCB,and 92.78%,91.30%,and 91.67%of oNA designs,***:The IAPGA clonal deployment proposed in this study has the obvious advantage of controlling inbreeding,and it is expected to be used in clonal deployment in seed orchards on a *** studies are needed to focus on the actual states of pollen dispersal and mating in seed orchards,and more assumptions should be taken into account for the optimized deployment method.

关键词： Seed orchard Deployment Inbreeding Genetic distance Clone SSR

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Privacy Regulation,Spatial Culture,and Communities in a Communally Diverse City:Ghadames,Libya

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Journal of World Architecture 2019年第6期3卷 7-16页

作者： Farag ael-Agouri Vail Karakale Department of Architecture and City Planning Benghazi UniversityBenghaziLibya Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMarmara UniversityGoztepe KampusuKadikoyIstanbul 34722Turkey

Space syntax,the analytical tool of this study,is a set of techniques for representation and quantification of spatial patterns of *** this paper,quantitative analysis is performed to observe the relationship between privacy as cultural specific and the spatial configuration of the settlement in the city of *** analysis is conducted on two levels of *** of the whole Ghadames including three unconventional axial maps representing ground floor(male domain),upper floor(female domain),and the whole spatial system with entrances of buildings *** second level of analysis covers nine sites representing three different cultural communities within Ghadames(Arab,Barbar,and Tuarg).These community areas are analyzed as embedded within the city(embedded model)and as separated(cut out model).Analysis results indicate that ground floor(male domain)seems to be more locally and globally integrated than that of upper floor(female domain).Moreover,spaces of the ground floor are more visually connected than the upper floor,which reveals that greater possibility in route choice for the users of ground *** movement from one place to another is less restricted than that of the female in the upper ***,the results show that mechanisms are the physical elements that facilitate or impede privacy regulation in the city and/or enable users themselves to regulate privacy through their own locales.

关键词： Space syntax Privacy regulation Visibility analysis Traditional cities Spatial configuration Isovist analysis

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In situ XRD and electrochemical investigation on a new intercalation-type anode for high-rate lithium ion capacitor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第6期30卷 109-117,I0004页

作者： Bobo Zou Ting Wang Shengyuan Li Rong Kang Guochun Li Sherif ael-Khodary Dickon hLNg Xianhu Liu Jingxia Qiu Yan Zhao Jiabiao Lian huaming Li Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute(NEWRI) Interdisciplinary Graduate School(IGS)Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Avenue639798Singapore Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Materials Processing&Mold(Zhengzhou University) Ministry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002HenanChina

A new intercalation-type anode material is reported herein to improve the lithium storage kinetics for high-rate lithium ion *** crystal structure of orthorhombic NaNbo3 indicates two possible tunnels for lithium ions insertion into NaNbo3 host along theand***,in situ XRD is conducted to investigate the lithium storage mechanism and structural evolution of the NaNb o_(3) anode,demonstrating its intercalation behavior through(101)and(141)***,the rGo nanosheets are introduced to facilitate the charge transfer,which also effectively prevent the aggregation of NaNbo3 *** expected,the NaNbo_(3)/rGo nanocomposites possess remarkable reversible capacity(465 mA h g^(-1) at 0.1 A g^(-1)),superior rate capability(325 mA h g^(-1) at 1.0 A g^(-1))and cycling stability,attributed to their synergistic effect and high Li+diffusion coefficient DLi[D(NaNbo_(3)/rGo)/D(NaNbo_(3))≈31.54].Remarkably,the NaNbo3/rGo-based LIC delivers a high energy density of 166.7 W h kg^(-1) at 112.4 W kg^(-1) and remains 24.1 W h kg^(-1) at an ultrahigh power density of26621.2 W kg^(-1),with an outstanding cycling durability(90%retention over 3000 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1)).This study provides new insights on novel intercalation-type anode material to enrich the materials system of LICs.

关键词： Lithium ion capacitor Intercalation-type anode NaNbo3 nanocubes In situ XRD high energy/power densities

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Influence of butylated hydroxytoluene addition to cryodiluents on freezability and DNA integrity of Boer and Zaraibi buck spermatozoa

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2020年第2期9卷 96-103页

作者： Ahmed RMEl-Khawagah Zaher MRawash Diya ael-Badry Mohamed MMKandiel Theriogenology Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityEgypt Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Department Animal Reproduction Research InstituteAgriculture Research CenterGizaEgypt

objective:To evaluate the cryoprotective effect of butylated hydroxytoluene on buck frozen ***:Semen was collected from Boer(n=6)and Zaraibi(n=6)bucks by electroejaculator for 5 *** aliquots were diluted at 38℃in Tris-buffer with egg yolk 15.0%(vol/vol)(Tris-egg yolk extender)or soya lecithin 2.5%(weight/vol)(Tris-soya lecithin extender)supplemented with butylated hydroxytoluene at 0.0(as the control),0.5,1.0,2.0 and 4.0 ***-thawing motility(at 400×magnification),plasma(hypo-osmotic swelling test),acrosome(Trypan blue/Giemsa dual staining)membranes,DNA(comet assay),and lipid peroxidation(by malondialdehyde concentration)were ***:Spermatozoa motility was enhanced by butylated hydroxytoluene in Tris-soya lecithin extender at 0.5 mM in the two breeds,and in Tris-egg yolk extender at 1.0 mM in Boer and at 2.0 mM in Zaraibi bucks for up to 3 h *** and acrosome membranes and DNA integrity of the two breeds were maximally high with butylated hydroxytoluene at 1.0-2.0 mM in Tris-egg yolk extender and at 0.5-1.0 mM in Tris-soya lecithin *** peroxidation was minimal with butylated hydroxytoluene at 1.0-2.0 mM in Tris-egg yolk and soya lecithin extenders in the two *** hydroxytoluene at 4.0 mM deteriorated spermatozoa motility,and plasma and acrosome ***:The consequence of butylated hydroxytoluene on buck frozen-thawed spermatozoa varies with the levels of supplementation,buck breed,and phospholipid source in the *** parameters of Boer buck are better in their response to butylated hydroxytoluene than Zaraibi *** hydroxytoluene at 1.0 and 2.0 mM in Tris-egg yolk extender,and at 0.5 mM in Tris-soya lecithin extender represents the best concentrations and profitably improves the semen quality of buck semen.