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Contribution of the International Reference Ionosphere-2016 model in the Evidence of the Winter Anomaly

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第11期12卷 1749-1757页

作者： moustapha Konaté raoul Ilboudo Kadidia Nonlo Drabo Emmanuel Nanéma Frédéric Ouattara Unité de Recherche et de Formation en Sciences et technologie (UFR-St) Laboratoire de Recherche en Energétique et Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME) Université Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de gaoua Université Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et technologique (CNRSt) Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

this study is a contribution to the estimation of the winter anomaly in the F2 layer of the ionosphere at low latitudes. the aim is to study the variability of the virtual height (hmF2) of the F2 region of the ionosphere through the predictions of the latest International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI-2016). the present work allows analyzing the temporal evolution of hmF2 according to the different phases of three (3) solar cycles during the quiet geomagnetic activity to estimate the seasonal anomaly at the Ouagadougou station. the analysis of the seasonal profiles shows that the variability of hmF2 is: 1) strongly linked to the solar cycle activity, 2) dependent on the season and 3) variable from one cycle to the next for the same phase. It appears that hmF2 increases during the ascending phase to reach its maximum value at the phase maximum. During the descending phase, it decreases until the phase minimum where it finds its minimum value. the difference between winter and summer on the hmF2 values for each phase of the cycle is obtained at the phase minimum and is estimated to be at least 16 km. In low latitudes, solar irradiation is greater in summer than in winter. From this study, hmF2 values are larger in winter compared to summer indicating an anomaly in the virtual height of the F2 layer of the ionosphere through the predictions of IRI-2016 at the Ouagadougou station.

关键词： Winter Anomaly IRI hmF2 Quiet Day Solar Cycle Phases

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global Cardiovascular Risk of the HIV Positive Patients Receiving Antiretroviral therapy in Brazzaville

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第8期9卷 553-561页

作者： Stéphane méo Ikama Franck Ekoba-Otende Jospin makani Amélia Bokilo Bienvenu Ossibi-Ibara Louis Igor Ondze-Kafata Bertrand Fikhaem Ellenga-mbolla thierry raoul gombet Suzy gisèle Kimbally-Kaky Department of Cardiology Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo National Centre of Blood transfusion Brazzaville Congo Department of Infectious Diseases Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo

A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted from January to August 2015 at the Brazzaville Ambulatory treatment Center and at?the National Blood transfusion Center. the objective was to contribute to improving?the care of people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy by assessing their global cardiovascular risk (CVR). the variables studied focused on the epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects. the global CVR was assessed?by the Framingham and WHO/ISH scores. there were 135 HIV-positive subjects,?including 64 treated patients and 71 untreated HIV+ subjects. the subjects were divided into 83 men (61.5%) and 52 women (38.5%), with an average age of 42.6 ± 2.9 old years. the subjects were single people (62.2%), of a secondary educational level (63.7%), and civil servants (32.6%). the main risk factors found were dyslipidaemia (60%), obesity (36%), smoking (12.6%), hypertension (5.9%), diabetes (0.7%). the metabolic syndrome was found in seven cases (11.3%). the global CVR according to the score of Framingham, initially moderated at 17.2%, and mean at 1.5% within treated patients, was mean at 9.4% and high at 1.6% of the subjects respectively at the sixth month of treatment (p CVR under antiretroviral therapy. Preventive actions are highly recommended.

关键词： HIV Infection Antiretroviral therapy metabolic Disorders global Cardiovascular Risk Congo

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Hyperuricemia and Associated Factors during Arterial Hypertension in Brazzaville (Congo)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第3期9卷 236-244页

作者： Stéphane méo Ikama Amorce Rolles matingou Jospin makani Norbert Lamini Nsounda Solange Flore mongo-Ngamami Bertrand Fikhaem Ellenga-mbolla Louis Igor Ondze-Kafata thierry raoul gombet Suzy gisèle Kimbally-Kaky Department of Cardiology Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Department of Rhumatolology Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo

A longitudinal analytical and comparative study including outpatients was carried between June 1st?and December 31st?2017. the objectives were to determine the hyperuricemia frequency during arterial hypertension, to identify associated factors, and to evaluate its impact on the blood pressure control. We have included, hypertensive patients having a minimum blood test including at least an uricemia. they were divided into two groups according to?whether they have presented a?hyperuricemia (HU) or a normouricemia (NU).?Among?these 202 patients included, 61 (30.2%) presented a hyperuricemia.?the mean age in HU group was 54.6 ± 11.6 years vs 53.6 ± 11 years for NU group (p = 0.573). Following cardiovascular risk factors were more found in the HU group than NU group: overweight/obesity (68.8% vs 46.1%;p = 0.003), metabolic syndrome (42.6% vs 39%;p = 0.021). Diuretics were used in 72.1% of patients in HU group vs 47.5% in NU group (p = 0.002).?Bitherapy was used in 56% of the patients of HU group vs 69% in the NU group (p = 0.295), and the quadritherapy?in 8% and 1% of the patients respectively (p = 0.049). Blood pressure was not controlled in 68.8% of HU group vs 48.9% in the NU group (p = 0.014). In multivariate analysis after logistic regression, factors associated with hyperuricemia were: glucose intolerance or diabetes (p = 0.004;OR = 1.35) and uncontrolled blood pressure (p = 0.006;OR = 2.51). this preliminary study showed that hyperuricemia is commonly found in hypertensive patients and has negative impact on blood pressure control.

关键词： Hypertension Hyperuricemia Frequency Blood Pressure Control Congo

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Hypertensive Emergencies in the Department of Cardiology at the teaching University Hospital of Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo): Preliminary Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第1期9卷 1-8页

作者： Solange Flore mongo Ngamami Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga mbolla guénol Barthel Ebinda Christian michel Kouala Landa Louis I. Ondze Kafata méo S. Ikama thierry raoul gombet Suzy-gisèle Kimbally Kaky Department of Cardiology Teaching University Hospital Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Department of Doctoral Studies Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Background: Hypertensive emergencies are still a common mode of finding hypertension.?Objective: to determine the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the hypertensive emergency, and to evaluate the factors associated with poor blood pressure control. Patients and method: cross-sectional and analytical study, conducted from July 2010 to June 2014 (4 years), in the cardiology department of the Brazzaville University Hospital. Included, patients admitted were those systolic blood pressure (BP)?≥ 180 mm Hg, and diastolic BP ≥ 110 mm Hg, with target organ involvement. A minimum biological assessment, an ECg, a chest X-ray, a brain Ct-scan and a cardiac ultrasound were required.?Results: Fifty patients were included, including 31 women (62%). the mean age was 53.8?±?13.7 years old, age;?68%), low income?population (n = 23;?46%). Hypertension was often known (n = 49;98%), and poor compliance?(n = 33;67.4%). Associated risk factors were: obesity (n = 13),?and?diabetes (n = 7). the average consultation time was 4.1?±?3.7 days. the reasons for hospitalization were: dyspnea (n = 24;?48%), neuro-sensory signs (n = 24;?48%),?and?functional limb impotence (n = 15;?30%). the major laboratory abnormalities were hyperuricemia (n = 16;?32%) and hyperglycemia (n = 16). Left ventricular hypertrophy was noted at the ECg (n = 29;?58%). Cardiac ultrasound showed a LVEF ?40% (n = 8). the main hypertensive emergencies were: heart failure (n = 23;?46%), stroke (n = 23;?46%), severe renal failure (n = 10;20%), and malignant hypertension (n = 23;46%). the average hospital stay was 11.4?±?5.5 days, and 1 death was recorded. BP was uncontrolled in 38 cases (76%). Factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure were: female sex (OR 3;?95% CI 0.8 - 11.5) and low-income patient (OR 1.26;?95% CI 0.34 - 4.68).?Conclusion: organs affected during hypertensive emergencies are most often the heart, the brain and the kidney in our context. Early management of hypertension wil

关键词： Emergencies High Blood Pressure Stroke Heart Failure Black African

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Osteoarticular Lesions of the Shoulder girdle by Hippopotamus Bite: Highly Septic Lesion

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期14卷 114-121页

作者： Jr Pierre germain Ochou Achié Jean Régis Akobe Yao Aboh ganyn Robert Arnaud Assere Kouamé Jean-Eric Kouassi Adelaïde Aya Natacha Kouassi Ibrahim Soumahoro Zolopégué marcel Soro Sédi Loues De Randolphe Akpro gbalé Yannick Blé Kouamé Innocent m’bra Loukou Blaise Yao Bada Juste Léopold NiaoréSery Koffi Léopold Krah michel Kodo Department of Orthopaedic and traumatological Surgery Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Ivory Coast raoul Follereau Institute Manikro Centre Bouaké Ivory Coast

Hippopotamus bites are rare in medical consultations, despite several studies exposing their aggressive character. A case of a hippopotamus bite on the shoulder of a fisherman has been reported. In addition to the osteoarticular aspect representing a therapeutic problem, the infectious aspect was marked by sepsis, with a death in less than 48 hours. Based on this observation, a protocol for the initial management of large animal bites was submitted.

关键词： Bite Hippopotamus Septic Shock

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Atrial Fibrillation during Cerebral Infarction in Brazzaville: Frequency and Predictive Factors

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第12期9卷 891-898页

作者： Stéphane méo Ikama Yann Luiz Ngouabi ghislain mpandzou Paul macaire Ossou-Nguiet Jospin makani thibault gankama Christian Kouala-Landa Louis Igor Ondze-Kafata Bertrand Fikhaem Ellenga-mbolla thierry raoul gombet Suzy gisèle Kimbally-Kaky Department of Cardiology Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo

In order to contribute to the improvement of brain infarction management in Brazzaville, a cross-sectional and analytical study with prospective data collection was conducted in the cardiology and neurology departments of the Brazzaville University Hospital, from February 1 to July 31, 2018. It included patients hospitalized for cerebral infarction confirmed with imaging, and having done an etiological assessment with at least one electrocardiogram at rest and one of long duration. Among these 138 patients included, 11 had atrial fibrillation, equaling?a frequency of 7.9%. the mean age of AF patients was 71 ± 8.8 years. the cardiovascular risk factors found were hypertension in eight cases (72.7%), diabetes in five cases (45.5%), abdominal obesity in four cases (36.4%). AF was permanent in 10 cases (91%), and paroxysmal in one case (9%). It was valvular in three cases (27.3%) and non-valvular in eight cases (72.7%). the cardiopathy involved was hypertensive in seven cases (63.6%), ischemic and valvular in two cases each. the CHA2DS2-VASc score, calculated in eight patients, was an average of 2.2, and ≥2 in more than 80% of patients;HAS-BLED score of 2.4 on average was ≥?3 in more than 72% of patients. Digoxin was prescribed in seven cases (63.6%) and an anti-vitamin K in eight cases (72.7%). In multivariate analysis, age (OR = 20.10, p = 0.023), arterial hypertension (OR = 23.82, p = 0.011), and dyslipidemia (OR = 2.03, p = 0.032) were the predictive factors found. AF is infrequent during brain infarction in Brazzaville. this systematic research raises the problem of age in our context.

关键词： Atrial Fibrillation Cerebral Infarction Frequency Predictive Factors Congo

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Per-Partum Anaemia and missed Post-Partum Haemorrhage in Low Resources Settings

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and gynecology 2018年第14期8卷 1557-1568页

作者： Valere Salomon mve Koh Claude C. Noa Ndoa Julius Dohbit Sama raoul tefee II Philipe Nana Njotang University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon University teaching Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Centre Hospitalier de Recherche et d’Application en Chirurgie Endoscopique et Reproduction Humaine (CHRACERH) Yaoundé Cameroon gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Central Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Post-partum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death throughout the world, and anaemia is one of its indirect causes. Anaemia during labour increases the risk of PPH and may lead to maternal mortality even after moderate PPH. Undiagnosed PPH and post-partum anaemia increases the risk of late maternal death in the community. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia on admission for labour, the occult early post-partum haemorrhage and the magnitude of post-partum anaemia in a low resource setting. methods: this was a longitudinal study. We included pregnant women in labour. Haemoglobin concentration was measured on admission (H0), then 24 hours (H24) and 48 (H48) hours later. the post-partum blood loss was estimated by delta haemoglobin, using the criteria of m. Driessen et al. Results: We recruited 245 pregnant women. the mean age was 27.0 ± 6.0 years. the mean hemoglobin concentration was 11.7 ± 1.9 g/dl, the frequency of anaemia was 30.6% and was related to ethnicity (P = 0.042) gestational age (p marital status (p = 0.014) and the inter pregnancy time space (p = 0.001). twenty-two-point two percent had post-partum haemorrhage among which 40% were undiagnosed. the mean blood loss was 375 ml and post-partum anaemia rate was 44.5%. Conclusion: Anaemia on admission was related to socio-demographic characteristics. the frequencies of anaemia during labour, missed PPH and undiagnosed post-partum anaemia were high. Haemoglobin concentration on admission for labour and after delivery, reliable method to assess PPH should be mandatory, to better identify per and post-partum anemia, and the management of PPH, in low income environments.

关键词： Haemoglobinometer Per-Partum Anaemia

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global prevalence of hepatitis B virus serological markers among healthcare workers:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第9期13卷 1190-1202页

作者： gadji mahamat Sebastien Kenmoe Etheline W Akazong Jean thierry Ebogo-Belobo Donatien Serge mbaga Arnol Bowo-Ngandji Joseph Rodrigue Foe-Essomba marie Amougou-Atsama Chavely gwladys monamele Chris Andre mbongue mikangue ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse Jeannette Nina magoudjou-Pekam Cromwel Zemnou-tepap Dowbiss meta-Djomsi martin maidadi-Foudi Sabine Aimee touangnou-Chamda Audrey gaelle Daha-tchoffo Abdel Aziz Selly-Ngaloumo Rachel Audrey Nayang-mundo Jacqueline Felicite Yengue Jean Bosco taya-Fokou Lorraine K m Fokou raoul Kenfack-momo Dimitri tchami Ngongang Efietngab Atembeh Noura Herve raoul tazokong Cynthia Paola Demeni Emoh Cyprien Kengne-Nde Jean Joel Bigna Onana Boyomo Richard Njouom Department of microbiology The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Department Centre Pasteur of CameroonYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Biochemistry University of DschangDschang 00237Cameroon medical Research Centre Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants StudiesYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of mycobacteriology Centre Pasteur of CameroonYaounde 00237Cameroon Centre de Recherche sur les maladies Emergentes et Re-Emergentes Institut de Recherches Medicales et d'Etudes des Plantes MedicinalesYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Biochemistry The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of medical Biochemistry The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of microbiology Protestant University of Central AfricaYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Animals Biology and Physiology The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Evaluation and Research Unit National AIDS Control CommitteeYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Centre Pasteur of CameroonYaounde 00237Cameroon

BACKgROUND the hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health concern that affects about 2 billion people and causes 1 million people deaths *** is a bloodborne disease and healthcare workers(HCWs)are a high-risk group because of occupational hazard to patients’*** regions of the world show a highly variable proportion of HCWs infected and/or immunized against *** data on serologic markers of HBV infection and immunization in HCWs are very important to improve strategies for HBV *** to determine the worldwide prevalence of HBV serological markers among *** In this systematic review and meta–analyses,we searched Pubmed and Excerpta medica Database(Embase)to identify studies published between 1970 and 2019 on the prevalence of HBV serological markers in HCWs *** also manually searched for references of relevant *** independent investigators selected studies and included those on the prevalence of each of the HBV serological markers including hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis e antigen(HBeAg),immunoglobulin m anti-HBc,and *** quality of eligible studies was assessed and random-effect model meta-analysis resulted in the pooled prevalence of HBV serological markers HBV infection in ***(I²)was assessed using theχ²test on Cochran’s Q statistic and H ***’sources were explored through subgroup and metaregression *** study is registered with PROSPERO,number *** We reviewed 14059 references,out of which 227 studies corresponding to 448 prevalence data among HCWs(224936 HCWs recruited from 1964 to 2019 in 71 countries)were included in this *** pooled seroprevalences of current HBsAg,current HBeAg,and acute HBV infection among HCWs were 2.3%[95% confidence interval(CI):1.9-2.7],0.2%(95%CI:0.0-1.7),and 5.3%(95%CI:1.4-11.2),*** pooled seroprevalences of total immunity against HBV and immu

关键词： Healthcare workers Hepatitis B virus Seroprevalence Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis e antigen

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Kinetic, Isotherm and thermodynamic Studies of the Adsorption of thymol Blue onto Powdered Activated Carbons from garcinia cola NutShells Impregnated with H3PO4and KOH: Non-Linear Regression Analysis

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2020年第1期10卷 1-27页

作者： Idris-Hermann tiotsop Kuete Donald raoul tchuifon tchuifon george Nche Ndifor-Angwafor Arnaud tamo Kamdem Solomon gabche Anagho materials and Process Engineering team (mPEt) Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering (RUNOCHEE) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Industrial Engineering University of Douala Douala Cameroon Freiburg materials Research Center (FmF) University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

In this work, activated carbons (ACs) prepared by chemical activation of garcinia cola nut shell impregnated with H3PO4 (CBH2/1) and KOH (CBK1/1) were used to study the kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the adsorption of thymol blue from aqueous solution. the characterization of ACs showed the BEt measurements gave surface area and total pore volume respectively of 328.407 m2·g-1 and 0.1032 cm3·g-1 for CBH2/1 and 25.962 m2·g-1 and 0.03 cm3·g-1for CBK1/1;elemental analysis showed a high percentage of carbon in both ACs. Influence of parameters such as initial pH, contact time, adsorbent mass, initial concentration, ionic strength and the effect of temperature on the removal of thymol blue from aqueous solution were studied in batch mode. the studies showed that equilibrium adsorption was attained after 60 minutes for the two ACs, adsorption capacity increased with increasing concentration of thymol blue, and maximum adsorption capacity was obtained at an acidic environment with pH 2. Avrami’s non-linear kinetic expression was the best suited for describing the adsorption kinetics of thymol blue onto ACs, while equilibrium data showed that the three-parameter isotherms better described the adsorption process since R2 > 0.96, and the error functions were lowest for all of them. maximum adsorption capacity values obtained using the three-parameter Fritz-Schlunder equation were 32.147 mg·g-1 for CBH2/1 and 67.494 mg·g-1 for CBK1/1. the values of the model parameters g and mFS respectively, obtained using the Redlich-Peterson and Fritz-Schlunder III isotherms below 1, showed that the adsorption of thymol blue by the ACs occurred on heterogeneous surfaces. thermodynamic analyses of the data of the adsorption of thymol blue onto ACs revealed that the adsorption process was temperature dependent, endothermic and spontaneous.

关键词： garcinia Cola Nut Shell Chemical Activation Elemental Analysis Non-Linear Regression Adsorption Isotherms Adsorption Kinetic models

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Epidemiological, Diagnostic and therapeutic Aspects of Locally Advanced and/or metastatic Breast Cancers at the Chu-mel of Cotonou

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2022年第4期11卷 195-205页

作者： Sèdjro raoul Atade Patrice Dangbemey Roger Klipezo Donald Adjagba David Lionel togbenon Kabibou Salifou Benjamin Hounkpatin Justin Lewis Denakpo mother and Child Department Institute of Nursing and Obstetrical Care (IFSIO) University of Parakou Parakou Benin mother and Child Department Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) University of Abomey Calavi Godomey Benin mother and Child Department Faculty of Medicine (FM) University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Breast cancer mortality remains high in most developing countries. Benin Republic does not yet have a technical platform required for the diagnosis and effective management of breast cancer “according to the recommendations”. Objective: to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancers at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-de la mère et de l’Enfant Lagune (CHU-mEL) of Cotonou from 2018 to 2021. Study methods: this was a retrospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive purpose, carried out from January 1, 2018 to September 30, 2021 in the gynaecology-Obstetrics Section of the CHU-mEL of Cotonou. the study population was patients diagnosed with locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancers. Results: At the end of the study, 63 cases of locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer were recorded in 80 cases of breast cancer;a 74.11% prevalence of locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer. the mean age of the patients was 42.6 years. the main reason for consultation was the discovery of a mass in the breast (65.1%). Clinically, an orange peel was noted in 39.6%. mammography (47.6%) and breast ultrasonography (42.9%) were the reference imaging workups for breast cancer diagnosis. Histopathologically, infiltrating ductal carcinoma (94.1%) was the predominant type with Scarff-Bloom and Richardson (SBR) grade II found in 35.3%. Progesterone and estrogen receptors were present in 42.9%. mastectomy with axillary node dissection was the surgical treatment performed (80%) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (39.6%). Only one patient had received radiotherapy. No patient received hormone therapy. Conclusion: Locally advanced and metastatic cancers remain a real public health problem. It is essential that major investments be made in order to improve both their diagnosis and management.

关键词： Cancer Breast metastasis Ultrasonography mammography

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