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Expression profiling of transgenes(Cry1Ac and Cry2A) in cotton genotypes under different genetic backgrounds

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第10期21卷 2818-2832页

作者： Kashif NOOR Hafiza Masooma Naseer CHEEMA Asif Ali khan rao sohail ahmad khan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of AgricultureMultan 60000Pakistan Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

Transgenic cotton carrying the CrylAc gene has revolutionized insect pest control since its adoption,although the development of resistance in insect pests has reduced its *** 10 years of cultivating Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)cotton with a single Cry1 Ac gene,growers are on the verge of adopting Bt cotton that carries the double gene(Cry1 Ac+Cry2 A)due to its better effectiveness against insect ***,the current study was designed to evaluate the role of each gene in the effectiveness of Bt cotton carrying the double *** expression levels of the Cry1 Ac and Cry2 A genes were evaluated in the leaves of 10 genotypes(2 parents and 8 Fhybrids)at 30 days after sowing(DAS),while samples of leaves,bolls and flowers were taken from the upper and lower canopies at 70 and 110 *** Fhybrids were developed through reciprocal crosses between two Bt(CKC-1,CKC-2)and two non-Bt(MNH-786,FH-942)*** differential expression of transgenes was evaluated through Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay(ELISA).The results showed that the MNH786 xCKC-1 hybrid had the highest concentrations of Cry1 Ac gene at30 DAS(3.08μg g^(-1))and 110 DAS(1.01μg g^(-1))in *** contrast,the CKC-2 xMNH-786 hybrid showed the lowest concentrations of Cry1 Ac gene at 30 DAS(2.30μg g^(-1))and 110 DAS(0.86μg g^(-1)).The Fhybrid FH-942×CKC-2 showed the highest concentrations of Cry2 A gene at 30 DAS(8.39μg g^(-1))and 110 DAS(7.74μg g^(-1))in leaves,while the CKC-1 xMNH-786 hybrid expressed the lowest concentrations of Cry2 A gene at 30 DAS(7.10μg g^(-1))and 110 DAS(8.31μg g^(-1)).A comparison between the two stages of plant growth showed that leaves had the highest concentrations at 30 DAS,whereas the lowest concentrations were observed at 110 DAS for both genes in *** the expression pattern was compared between various plant parts in genotype CKC-2,it was found that leaves had higher concentrations of Cry1 Ac(3.12μg g^(-1))and Cry2 A(8.31μg g^(-1))at 70 DAS,followed by bolls

关键词： transgenic cotton breeding transgene expression double gene insect resistance

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Polymorphic information and genetic diversity in Brassica speciesrevealed by RAPD markers

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BIOCELL 2020年第4期44卷 769-776页

作者： ALI RAZA ABU BAKR UMER FAROOQ WAQAR ahmad khan AHSAN IQBAL SADETTINÇELİK MAHWISH ALI rao sohail ahmad khan Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyVehari61170Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology&Biotechnology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan66000Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad38040Pakistan Department of Forestry GençVocational SchoolBingol UniversityGenç-Bingol12500Turkey Department of Biological Sciences National University of Medical SciencesRawalpindi46000Pakistan Key Lab of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceWuhan430062China

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)is a tremendously convenient approach used to discriminate between Brassica species owing to its accuracy and *** primers generate adequate genetic information that can be used in the primer-marker *** this work,twenty RAPD-PCR based markers were executed to generate polymorphic data,like polymorphic information content(PIC),mean resolving power(MRP),resolving power(RP),effective multiplex ratio(EMR),and marker index(MI)for the first time and genetic distance among and between six Brassica species were *** results indicated that 20 primers produced a total of 231 scored band and generated 87%polymorphic *** PIC,MRP,RP,MI,and EMR values were 0.088,0.65,6.7,0.78,and 8.9,*** showed an overall negative correlation with MRP,RP,MI,and EMR,whereas MRP,RP,and EMR,were positively correlated with each *** identities ranged from 41.99%(between Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea)to 68.83%(between Brassica campestris and Brassica oleracea).Dendrogram results showed no clustering between species except between Brassica campestris and Brassica ***,these results will be helpful to acquire useful information about the markers and their use to determine the genomic structures of Brassica ***,based on genetic distance and polymorphic information,new hybrids can be developed for effective oilseed production.

关键词： Brassica Dendrogram DNA markers Genetic distance Gel electrophoresis Polymorphism

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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan ahmad A.V.Prabu J.Nageswara rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen Nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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Barley chitinase genes expression revamp resistance against whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci) in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 90-100页

作者： BASHIR Samina YAQOOB Amina BASHIR Rohina BUKHARI Shanila SHAHID Naila AZAM Saira BAKHSH Allah HUSNAIN Tayyab SHAHID ahmad Ali rao Abdul Qayyum Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore 53700Pakistan Department of Botany Kinnaird College for Women UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Botany Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Botany University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan.

Background Chitinase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin,a major component of the exoskeleton of insects,including plant pests like *** present study aimed to investigate the expression of chemically synthesized barley ch1 and chi2 genes in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)through Agrobacterium-mediated ***-five putative transgenic cotton plants were obtained,out of which fifteen plants successfully survived and were shifted to the *** gene-specific primers,amplification of 447 bp and 401 bp fragments confirmed the presence of the ch1 and chi2 genes in five transgenic cotton plants of the T0 *** five plants were further evalu-ated for their mRNA expression *** T0 transgenic cotton plants with the highest mRNA expression level and better yield performance in field,were selected to raise their subsequent *** The T1 cotton plants showed the highest mRNA expression levels of 3.5-fold in P10(2)for the ch1 gene and 3.7-fold in P2(1)for the chi2 *** in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed a single copy number of ch1 and chi2(hemizygous)on chromosome ***,the efficacy of transgenes on whitefly was evaluated through an insect bioassay,where after 96 h of infestation,mortality rates of whitefly were calculated to be 78%–80%in transgenic cotton *** number of eggs on transgenic cotton plants were calculated to be 0.1%–0.12 per plant compared with the non-transgenic plants where egg number was calculated to be 0.90–1.00 per *** Based on these findings,it can be concluded that the chemically synthesized barley chitinase genes(ch1 and chi2)have the potential to be effective against insects with chitin exoskeletons,including *** transgenic cotton plants expressing these genes showed increased resistance to whiteflies,resulting in reduced egg numbers and higher mortality rates.

关键词： Chitinase Cotton White fly Transgene Bioassay

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Deep Learning Method to Detect the Road Cracks and Potholes for Smart Cities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1863-1881页

作者： Hong-Hu Chu Muhammad Rizwan Saeed Javed Rashid Muhammad Tahir Mehmood Israr ahmad rao sohail Iqbal Ghulam Ali College of Civil Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha410082China Department of CS University of OkaraOkara56310Pakistan Department of CS&SE Islamic International UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of IT Services University of OkaraOkara56310Pakistan Department of CS Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Automation Science Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

The increasing global population at a rapid pace makes road trafficdense;managing such massive traffic is challenging. In developing countrieslike Pakistan, road traffic accidents (RTA) have the highest mortality percentageamong other Asian countries. The main reasons for RTAs are roadcracks and potholes. Understanding the need for an automated system forthe detection of cracks and potholes, this study proposes a decision supportsystem (DSS) for an autonomous road information system for smart citydevelopment with the use of deep learning. The proposed DSS works in layerswhere initially the image of roads is captured and coordinates attached to theimage with the help of global positioning system (GPS), communicated tothe decision layer to find about the cracks and potholes in the roads, andeventually, that information is passed to the road management informationsystem, which gives information to drivers and the maintenance *** the decision layer, we projected a CNN-based model for pothole crackdetection (PCD). Aimed at training, a K-fold cross-validation strategy wasused where the value of K was set to 10. The training of PCD was completedwith a self-collected dataset consisting of 6000 images from Pakistani *** proposed PCD achieved 98% of precision, 97% recall, and accuracy whiletesting on unseen images. The results produced by our model are higher thanthe existing model in terms of performance and computational cost, whichproves its significance.

关键词： Road cracks and potholes CNN smart cities pothole crack detection decision support system

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Physicochemical,rheological and antioxidant profiling of yogurt prepared from non-enzymatically and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder under refrigeration

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第1期12卷 69-78页

作者： Ishtiaq ahmad Zhouyi Xiong Hanguo Xiong Rana Muhammad Aadil Nauman Khalid Allah Bakash Jvaid Lakhoo Zia-ud-din Asad Nawaz Noman Walayat rao Sanaullah khan College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Fisheries Research Institute Wuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430207China National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Schools of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Management and TechnologyLahore 54000Pakistan College of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Evidences show that the storage period greatly affects the quality of *** this study,three types of yogurt:control yogurt(CY),non-hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(PPY)and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(EHPPY)were prepared at 42℃ for 5 h and stored for 28 days at 4℃.The yogurts were evaluated for quality characteristics at different storage *** differences in pH values,titratable acidities and viable counts were detected in all three types of yogurt during ***,compared to other yogurts,EHPPY exhibited desirable water holding capacity,throughout the storage *** from this,sensory properties and antioxidant activities(2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP))of EHPPY were also significantly improved during the storage ***,the storage(G’)and loss(G”)modulus of PPY,EHPPY were lower than CY at 4℃ while a hysteresis loop was shown by all yogurts at the temperature range of 4-50℃ indicating higher G’(elasticity)than G”(viscosity).Based on our findings,EHPP could be an important functional ingredient in improving the quality and storage stability of yogurt for its production at an industrial level.

关键词： Storage stability Potato powder Yogurt Rheology Microbiology Antioxidant activity

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Performance Evaluation of MWCNTs Reinforced Cement Mortar Composites using Natural and Commercial Surfactants

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2022年第1期37卷 47-57页

作者： Qareeb Ullah rao Arsalan Khushnood Sajjad ahmad Muhammad Usman Shad Muhammad Jean-Marc Tulliani School of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad-44000Pakistan Department of Structural Geotechnical and Building EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTurin-10129Italy Department of Civil Engineering FE&TBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan-56000Pakistan Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di TorinoTurin-10129Italy

An efficient and promising approach for effectively dispersing multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)in cementitious composites has been *** naturally occurring organic extracts from species of indigenously known‘Keekar’trees scattered along tropical and sub-tropical regions;is found as an exceptional replacement to the non-natural commercial *** the initial phase of investigation,ideal surfactant’s content required for efficient dispersion of MWCNTs in solution was determined using ultra-violet *** experimental investigations were then extended to five different cement composite formulations containing 0.0,0.025,0.05,0.08 and 0.10%MWCNTs by weight of *** was observed that the natural surfactant produced efficient dispersion at much reduced cost(approx.14%)compared with the commercial *** estimated weight efficiency factor f was found 6.5 times higher for the proposed sustainable replacement to the conventional along with remarkable increase of 23%in modulus of rupture on 0.08 wt%addition of *** strength enhancement,the dispersed MWCNTs also improved the first crack and ultimate fracture toughness by 51.5%and 35.9%,*** field emission scanning electron microscopy of the cryofractured samples revealed efficient dispersion of MWCNTs in the matrix leading to the phenomenon of effective crack bridging and crack branching in the composite ***,the proposed scheme significantly reduced the early age volumetric shrinkage by 39%.

关键词： MWCNTs acacia nilotica gum keekar triton X-100 fracture crack bridging cement mortar early age micro-cracking sustainability

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Estimation of Genetic Divergence and Character Association Studies in Local and Exotic Diversity Panels of Soybean(Glycine max L.)Genotypes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第6期92卷 1887-1906页

作者： Syed Ali Zafar Muhammad Aslam Haroon Zaman khan Sehrish Sarwar rao Saad Rehman Mariam Hassan Ramala Masood ahmad Rafaqat AGill Basharat Ali Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Abdullah Ibrahim Md Atikur Rahman Ayman El Sabagh Oilseeds Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabadPakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430062China Department of Agricultural Engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan Department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Grassland and Forage Division National Institute of Animal ScienceRural Development AdministrationCheonanKorea Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KafrelsheikhKafr ElsheikhEgypt

The availability of favorable genetic diversity is a thriving vitality for the success of a breeding *** provides a firm basis of selecting superior breeding lines for the development of high yielding crop *** this context,present investigation aimed to generate information on genetic divergence and character association in a diversity panel of 123 local and exotic soybean *** of variance revealed significant response of the evaluated genotypes based on studied *** depicted the probability of selecting desirable soybean genotypes by focusing on character association studies and genetic diversity *** analysis revealed that seed yield per plant showed high positive correlation with 100-seed weight followed by pods per plant and plant ***,path coefficient analysis exposed that pods per plant had maximum direct contribution in seed yield per plant followed by 100-seed weight,days to flowering and SPAD *** named“G-10”showed maximum yield per plant followed by 24607,G-52,24593,Arisoy,24566,17426,A-3127,24570 and *** diversity analysis grouped the evaluated germplasm into 17 *** clusters showed zero intra-cluster variability;while inter-cluster divergence ranged from 9.00 to *** V showed maximum inter-cluster distance with cluster XII followed by that of between V and ***,cluster IV with superior genotypes(G-10,24607,24593 and 24566),VI(17426 and 24567),XIII(24570)and X(Arisoy and G-52)showed above mean values for most of the studied ***,the results of hybridization between the superior genotypes of these cluster pairs might be useful for soybean breeding with improving agronomic traits and adaptability.

关键词： Genetic variability correlation path analysis genetic diversity analysis soybean selective breeding

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Desulfovibrio desulfuricans aggravates atherosclerosis by enhancing intestinal permeability and endothelial TLR4/NF-kB pathway in Apoe^(-/-) mice

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第1期10卷 239-253页

作者： Kun Zhang Xian Qin Juhui Qiu Tong Sun Kai Qu ahmad Ud Din Wenhua Yan Tianhan Li Yidan Chen Wei Gu Xiancai rao Guixue Wang Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Information and Management Sciences Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450046China School of Medicine Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Microbiology College of Basic Medical SciencesArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400037China

It is increasingly aware that gut microbiota is closely associated with ***,which and how specific gut bacteria regulate the progression of atherosclerosis is still poorly *** this study,modified linear discriminant analysis was performed in comparing the gut microbiota structures of atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic mice,and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans(***)was found to be associatedwith ***-treated Apoe^(-/-) mice showed significantly aggravated *** proatherogenic effect of *** was attributed to its ability to increase intestinal permeability and subsequent raise in the transit of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)from the intestine to the *** LPS in the blood can elicit local and systemic inflammation and activate Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kB(NF-kB)signaling of endothelial ***-242,a specific inhibitor of TLR4,can ameliorate the development of *** atherosclerosis by blocking the LPS-induced activation of TLR4/NF-kB signaling.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Desulf ovibrio desulfuricans Gut microbiota Linear discriminant analysis TAK-242

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PGE and isotopic characteristics of Shergol and Suru Valley Ophiolites,Western Ladakh:Implications for supra-subduction tectonics along Indus Suture Zone

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 473-488页

作者： Irfan Maqbool Bhat Talat ahmad D.V.Subba rao Srinivasan Balakrishnan N.V.Chalapathi rao Department of Earth Sciences University of KashmirSrinagar 190006India Vice Chancellors Office University of KashmirSrinagar 190006India Geochemistry Division CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute(NGRI)Hyderabad 500007India Department of Earth Sciences Pondicherry UniversityPuducherry 605014India Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India

Present study reports the PGE-geochemistry of mantle peridotites and Nd-isotope geochemistry of arc related mafic rocks from the Indus Suture Zone(ISZ),western *** total PGE concentration of the Shergol and Suru Valley peridotites(∑PGE=96-180 ppb)is much higher than that of the primitive mantle and global ophiolitic mantle *** studied peridotites show concave upward PGE-distribution patterns with higher palladium-group PGE/Iridium-group PGE ratios(i.e.,0.8-2.9)suggesting that the partial melting is not the sole factor responsible for the evolution of these *** observed PGE-distribution patterns are distinct from residual/refractory mantle peridotites,which have concave downward or flat PGE-distribution *** enrichment of palladium-group PGE as well as other whole-rock incompatible elements(e.g.,LILE and LREE)and higher Pd/Ir ratio(1.1-5.9)reflects that these peridotites have experienced fluid/melt interaction in a supra-subduction zone(SSZ)tectonic ***,the Shergol mafic intrusives and Dras mafic volcanics,associated with the studied peridotites,have high^(143)Nd/^(144)Nd ratios(i.e.,0.512908-0.513078 and 0.512901-0.512977,respectively)and positiveε_(Nd)(t)(calculated for t=140 Ma)values(i.e.,+5.3 to+8.6 and+5.1 to+6.6,respectively),indicating derivation from depleted mantle sources within an intra-oceanic arc setting,similar to Spongtang and Nidar ophiolites from other parts of Ladakh *** transition from SSZ-type Shergol and Suru Valley peridotites to Early Cretaceous tholeiitic Shergol mafic intrusives followed by tholeiitic to calc-alkaline Dras mafic volcanics within the Neo-Tethys Ocean exhibit characteristics of subduction initiation mechanism analogous to the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc system within western Pacific.

关键词： PGE Nd-isotope Mantle peridotites Ophiolites Ladakh Neo-Tethys Ocean

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