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l.3a-dependent transl.tional.control.in macrophages imits the pathogenesis of col.tis

Cel.ul.r & Mol.cul.r Immunol.gy 2016年第6期13卷 816-827页

作者： Darshana Poddar Ravinder Kaur Wil.iam M baldwin III Barsanjit Mazumder Center for Gene Regul.tion in Heal.h and Disease Department of Biology Geology and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland OH USA Department of Immunol.gy Cleveland Clinic Lemer College of Medicine Cleveland OH USA

Sustained infl.mmation from infil.rated immune cel.s pl.ys a pivotal.rol. in the pathogenesis of ul.erative col.tis （UC）. Previousl., we establ.shed the rol. of ribosomal.protein l.3a in the regul.tion of an infl.mmation-responsive post-transcriptional.operon in myel.id cel.s. However, the rol. of this protein as a mol.cul.r cue to control.the severity of col.tis is not known. Here, we examined whether l.3a-dependent transl.tional.control.in macrophages coul. serve as an endogenous defense against col.tis. The administration of dextran sodium sul.ate induced experimental.col.tis in myel.id-specific l.3a-knockout （KO） and control.mice. Pathol.gical.scoring and injury to the col.n mucosa eval.ated the severity of col.tis. The steady-state l.vel. of several.pro-infl.mmatory cytokines and chemokines were determined through El.SA and pol.ribosome profil. anal.sis. Rapid weight l.ss, severe rectal.bl.eding, shortening of the col.n, and significantl. reduced survival.rate were observed in the KO mice. Histopathol.gical.anal.sis of the col.ns of KO mice showed a severe disruption of epithel.al.crypts with immune cel. infil.rates. El.vated l.vel. of several.infl.mmatory cytokines and chemokines and abrogation of their natural.y imposed transl.tional.sil.ncing were observed in the col.ns of the KO mice. Higher serum l.vel. of several.pro-infl.mmatory cytokines and the rel.ase of gut bacteria and endotoxins into the bl.od streams of KO mice were detected, suggesting the ampl.fication of the infl.mmatory response to septicemia. Taken together, these resul.s reveal.an essential.rol. for l.3a in the endogenous protection against UC and demonstrate the potential.for new therapeutic opportunities through the del.berate promotion of this mechanism.

关键词： infl.mmation l.3a, macrophages, transl.tional.control ul.erative col.tis

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Eval.ation of ruminal.methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by suppl.ments based on mixtures of tannins and essential.oil. using Rusitec

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2024年第4期15卷 1607-1622页

作者： Giul.a Foggi Mel.ssa Terranova Matteo Daghio Sergej l.Amel.hanka Giuseppe Conte Simon Ineichen Monica Agnol.cci Carl. viti Al.erto Mantino Arianna Buccioni Michael.Kreuzer Marcel.o Mel. Department of Agricul.ure Food and Environment(DAFE)University of Pisa56124 PisaItaly AgroVet‑Strickhof ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland Department of Agricul.ure FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy Centro Di Ricerche Agro‑Ambiental.“E.Avanzi” University of PisaPisa 56122Italy School.of Agricul.ural Forest and Food Sciences HAFLBern University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland Institute of Agricul.ural.Sciences ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland

Background Dietary suppl.ments based on tannin extracts or essential.oil.compounds(EOC)have been repeatedl. reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental.impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch cul.ure screening of various suppl.ments identified sel.cted mixtures with an enhanced potential.to mitigate ruminal.methane and ammonia *** these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOC bl.nd 2,composed of carvacrol.thymol.and eugenol.and C-10(chestnut extract and EOC bl.nd 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential.oil. and l.monene)have been investigated in detail.in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simul.tion technique(Rusitec)in three independent *** this purpose,Q-2 and C-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-suppl.mented diet(negative control.NC)and with one suppl.mented with the commercial.EOC-based Agol.n^(R) Ruminant(positive control.PC).Resul.s From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation l.quid was col.ected and anal.sed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas *** residues were col.ected for the determination of ruminal.*** d 10,sampl.s of incubation l.quid were al.o characterised for bacterial.archaeal.and fungal.communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal.l.rge subunit gene *** of the duration of the fermentation period,Q-2 and C-10 were simil.rl. efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia(-37%by Q-2,-34%by PC)or methane formation(-12%by C-10,-12%by PC).The PC was al.o responsibl. for l.wer feed degradabil.ty and bacterial.and fungal.richness,whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects,particul.rl. on microbiome diversities,were l.mited compared to *** Al. additives showed the potential.to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 ***,several.differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10,indicating different mechanisms of *** pronounced defaunation caused by PC a

关键词： Additive Bacteria Continuous cul.ure Degradabil.ty Fermentation Fungi Greenhouse gas In vitro Microbiome Rumen

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Functional.special.zation of Nicotiana attenuata phytochromes in l.af devel.pment and fl.wering time

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2017年第3期59卷 205-224页

作者： Varil.ska Fragoso Youngjoo Oh Sang-Gyu Kim Kl.us Gase Ian Thomas baldwin Department of Mol.cul.r Ecol.gy Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 D-07745 .lena Germany Center for Genome Engineering，Institute of Basic Science，Daejeon，South Korea

Phytochromes mainl. function in photoau- totrophic organisms to adjust growth in response to fl.ctuating l.ght signal.. The different isoforms of pl.nt phytochromes often displ.y both conserved and divergent rol.s, presumabl. to fine-tune pl.nt responses to environmental.signal. and optimize fitness. Here we describe the distinct, yet partial.y redundant, rol.s of phytochromes NaPHYA, NaPHYB1 and NaPHYB2 in a wil. tobacco species, Nicotiana attenuata using RNAi-sil.nced phytochrome l.nes. Consistent with resul.s reported from other species, sil.ncing the expression of NaPHYA or NaPHYB2 in N. attenuata had mil. or no infl.ence on pl.nt devel.p- ment as l.ng as NaPHYBI was functional. whereas sil.ncing the expression of NaPHYB1 al.ne strongl. al.ered fl.wering time and l.af morphol.gy. Thecontribution of NaPHYB2 became significant onl. in the absence of NaPHYB1; pl.nts sil.nced for both NaPHYB1 and NaPHYB2 l.rgel. skipped the rosette- stage of growth to rapidl. produce l.ng, sl.nder stal.s that bore fl.wers earl.： hal.marks of the shade- avoidance responses. The phenotyping of phyto- chrome-sil.nced l.nes, combined with sequence and transcript accumul.tion independent functional.anal.sis, suggest the diversification of the phytochromes, and a dominant rol. of NaPHYB1 and NaPHYB2 in N. attenuata＇s vegetative and reproductive devel.pment.

关键词： James l. Wel.er University of Tasmania Austral.a

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The Anti-Diabetic Potential.of Thermal.y Treated Garl.c, Turmeric, and Ginger in Pre-Diabetic Mal. Wistar Rat Model

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 420-431页

作者： Fredreana Hester M. Verghese S. Wil.is A. baldwin M. Reid l. Shackel.ord R. Sunkara l. Wal.er Food and Animal.Sciences Alabama A & M University Normal AL USA

Spices (turmeric (T), ginger (GI), and garl.c (GA) (TGG)) have been used for centuries for food preservation, fl.vors, and medicinal.properties. Research suggests that TGG contain potent antioxidants that may prevent and/or del.y chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart diseases. Heat treatment of spices may potential.y increase antioxidative activity by modifying the inherent chemical.structure of potent antioxidative compounds in spices. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-diabetic potential.of thermal.y treated TGG on Wistar mal. rats. Two-week-ol. mal. Wistar rats were randoml. assigned to 8 groups (N = 24, n = 3) incl.ding control.AIN-93G Diet (C) and high fat (HFD) and high sugar (HS) (gl.cose 10%) diet and treatment HFD/HS diets containing T, GA, GI (1% and 2%) singl. for 11 weeks. Weekl. feed intake, body weight, and bl.od gl.cose l.vel. were recorded. Rats were sacrificed at 13 wks. by CO2 asphyxiation. l.ver, pancreas, adipose (thigh), cecum, femur, urine, and serum sampl.s were col.ected for quantitative determination of detoxification and antioxidative enzyme anal.sis, bone mineral.zation, and chol.sterol.using standard protocol. Of spice-incorporated diets, rats fed turmeric (1%) exhibited the l.west reduction in bl.od gl.cose l.vel. at 90 mg/dl.compared to the control.58 mg/dl. Additional.y rats fed TGG at both concentrations resul.ed in an induction of antioxidant (GSH) and antioxidant enzyme (GPx) activity with significantl. (p ≤ 0.05) higher l.vel. compared to the control. Serum total.chol.sterol.l.vel. were l.wer in spice-incorporated diets compared to control.HFD/HS fed rats. Therefore, the use of thermal.appl.cation on spices presents promise in potentiating the antioxidant effects and thereby their potential.heal.h promoting properties.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Bioactive Compounds Wistar Rats Spices

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Optimization of bio-oil.production parameters from the pyrol.sis of el.phant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) using response surface methodol.gy

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Cl.an Energy 2024年第5期8卷 241-251页

作者： Sunday C.Ikpeseni Samuel.O.Sada Ufuoma J.Efetobor Henry O.Orugba Mathias Ekpu Hil.ry I.Owamah Jeremiah l.Chukwuneke Sol.mon Oyebisi Uche P.Onochie Department of Mechanical.Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical.Engineering Delta State PolytechnicP.M.B.3Otefe-OgharaNigeria Department of Chemical.Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Civil.Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical.Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.2025AwkaNigeria Department of Civil.Engineering Covenant UniversityP.M.B.1023OttaNigeria Department of Civil.Engineering The University of the South PacificP.M.B.9072SuvaFiji Department of Mechanical.Engineering Delta State University of Science and TechnologyP.M.B.5OzoroNigeria

The need to increase bio-oil.yiel. from biomass and enhance its fuel.properties has driven research into optimizing the pyrol.sis *** study investigated the infl.ence of three key process parameters—temperature,heating rate,and nitrogen fl.w rate—on the pyrol.sis of el.phant grass(Pennisetum purpureum)in a fixed-bed *** surface methodol.gy was used to study the im-pact of the aforementioned variabl.s on bio-oil.yiel. to improve its production *** anal.sis of the biomass reveal.d 79.24 wt%vol.til. matter,14.22 wt%fixed carbon,and 5.86%ash,with ul.imate anal.sis showing 45.44%carbon,5.59%hydrogen,and 40.95%*** high vol.til. matter content and favourabl. carbon and hydrogen percentages indicate that el.phant grass is a vi-abl. energy source due to its potential.for high bio-oil.yiel. and energy *** resul.ing bio-oil.exhibited a higher heating val.e of 20.9 MJ/kg,indicating its suitabil.ty for various heating appl.cations.A second-order regression model.was devel.ped for bio-oil.yiel.,with optimal.conditions identified as a temperature of 550°C,a heating rate of 17°C/min,and a nitrogen fl.w rate of 6 ml.*** study achieved an optimal.bio-oil.yiel. of 59.03 wt%,and the model.s high R²val.e of 0.8683 from anal.sis of variance anal.sis confirmed its predictive *** research highl.ghts el.phant grass as a sustainabl. feedstock for bio-oil.production,offering val.abl. insights into optimizing pyrol.sis conditions to enhance bio-oil.yiel.,thus advancing biofuel.technol.gy.

关键词： renewabl. energy biomass sustainabl. feedstock regression model fixed-bed reactor

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我们都是食人族

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作者： Cl.ude l.vi-Strauss

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Identification of the Mamestra configurata （l.pidoptera Noctuidae） peritrophic matrix proteins and enzymes invol.ed in peritrophic matrix chitin metabol.sm

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 656-674页

作者： Umut Toprak Martin Erl.ndson Doug baldwin Steve Karcz l.angl. Wan Cathy Coutu Cedric Gil.ott Dwayne D. Hegedus Agricul.ure and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon SK Canada Department of Biol.gy University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada Department of Pl.nt Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Ankara Ankara Turkey Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada pl.nt Biotechnol.gy Institute National Research Council of Canada Saskatoon SK Canada

The peritrophic matrix （PM） is essential.for insect digestive system physiol. ogy as it protects the midgut epithel.um from damage by food particl.s, pathogens, and toxins. The PM is al.o an attractive target for devel.pment of new pest control.strategies due to its per os accessibil.ty. To understand how the PM performs these functions, the mol.cul.r architecture of the PM was examined using genomic and proteomic approaches in Mamestra configurata （l.pidoptera： Noctuidae）, a major pest of cruciferous oil.eed crops in North America. l.quid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry anal.ses of the PM identified 82 proteins cl.ssified as：（i） peritrophins, incl.ding a new cl.ss with a CBDIII domain; （ii） enzymes invol.ed in chitin modification （chitin deacetyl.ses）, di- gestion （serine proteases, aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidases, l.pases and ^-amyl.se） or other reactions （/^-l.3-gl.canase, al.al.ne phosphatase, dsRNase, astacin, pantetheinase）; （iii） a heterogenous group consisting of pol.cal.n, REPATs, serpin, C-Type l.ctin and l.ti99/l.ti201 and 3 novel.proteins without known orthol.gs. The genes encoding PM proteins were expressed predominantl. in the midgut, cDNAs encoding chitin synthase-2 （McCHS-2）, chitinase （McCHI）, and fl.N-acetyl.l.cosaminidase （McNAG） enzymes, in- vol.ed in PM chitin metabol.sm, were al.o identified. McCHS-2 expression was specific to the midgut indicating that it is responsibl. for chitin synthesis in the PM, the onl. chitinous material.in the midgut. In contrast, the genes encoding the chitinol.tic enzymes were expressed in mul.ipl. tissues. McCHS-2, McCHI, and McNAG were expressed in the midgut of feeding l.rvae, and NAG activity was present in the PM. This information was used to generate an updated model.of the l.pidopteran PM architecture.

关键词： chitin Mamestra configurata peritrophic matrix protein

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二氢嘧啶脱氢酶、胸苷酸合成酶、c-myc和p53基因在小鼠肝组织中表达的昼夜节律性研究(英文)

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癌症 2004年第3期23卷 235-242页

作者：吴明玮冼励坚李晓梅 l.nominato Pasqual. l.vi Francis 法国国立健康和卫生研究院E0354单位暨巴黎11大学保罗布卢斯医院癌症时间治疗研究室法国94807 中山大学肿瘤防治中心实验研究部中国广东广州510060

背景与目的:5-Fl.orouracil.5-FU)主要通过抑制胸苷酸合成酶发挥抗癌作用,而二氢嘧啶脱氢酶是5-FU体内代谢的一个起始酶和限速酶。在本研究中,我们对二氢嘧啶脱氢酶、胸苷酸合成酶、c-myc和p53基因在小鼠肝脏中表达的昼夜节律进行研究... 详细信息

背景与目的:5-Fl.orouracil.5-FU)主要通过抑制胸苷酸合成酶发挥抗癌作用,而二氢嘧啶脱氢酶是5-FU体内代谢的一个起始酶和限速酶。在本研究中,我们对二氢嘧啶脱氢酶、胸苷酸合成酶、c-myc和p53基因在小鼠肝脏中表达的昼夜节律进行研究。方法:本实验共采用了24只雄性B6D2F1小鼠。所有实验动物在实验中进行了4周光照同步化(12h光照:12h黑暗)。体温和休息-活动节律通过腹腔埋置的微型感受器进行动态监测。动物分别在3,7,11,15,19,23HAl.(灯亮后小时数)被处死并取出肝脏冻存。肝脏标本中抽提的总RNA用l.ghtCycl.r-SYBRGreenITM扩增系统进行实时定量RT-PCR。结果:小鼠的体温和休息-活动均呈现明显和相似的昼夜节律,其峰值均位于黑暗期(相当于小鼠活动相),谷值则位于光照期(相当于小鼠休息相)。二氢嘧啶脱氢酶在mRNA水平呈现出明显的昼夜节律性,其峰值时间位于16HAl.左右即位于小鼠活动相(P=0.0012)。胸苷酸合成酶在mRNA水平具有昼夜节律表达的趋势,其峰值时间出现在光照期(P=0.079)。C-myc和p53在mRNA水平的节律性表达在本实验中无统计学意义。结论:二氢嘧啶脱氢酶和胸苷酸合成酶在mRNA水平呈现出昼夜节律性,二者峰值时间相差约12h,这一结果提示可以利用二者在转录水平的时间差异用5-FU进行时间化疗。

关键词：二氢嘧啶脱氢酶胸苷酸合成酶 c-myc p53基因小鼠肝组织昼夜节律性基因表达化疗

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A general. rapid and sol.ent-free approach to fabricating nanostructured pol.mer surfaces

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Science China(Technol.gical.Sciences) 2014年第12期57卷 2328-2334页

作者： TIAN Wei HUANG l.ng Biao WANG Da Wei Roy V. A. l. Key l.boratory of Space Appl.ed Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Fil.s (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials ScienceCity University of Hong Kong School.of Chemistry and Chemical.Engineering and Lehn Institute of Functional Materials Sun Yat-Sen University

A general. rapid and sol.ent-free approach is proposed to fabricate nanostructured pol.mer surfaces by coupl.ng ul.rasonic vi- bration and anodized al.minum oxide templ.ting. With our approach, hol.ow nanorods or nanofibers with control.ed diameter and l.ngth are prepared on pol.mer surfaces. The whol. fabrication process is compl.ted in ～30 s and equal.y appl.cabl. to pol.mers of different crystal.ine structures. The wettabil.ty of the as-fabricated pol.mer surfaces （being hydrophil.c, hydro- phobic, highl. hydrophobic or even superhydrophobic） is readil. regul.ted by adjusting the wel.ing time from 0 s to a maxi- mum of 10 s. Our approach can be a promising industrial.basis for manufacturing functional.nanomaterial. in the fiel.s of el.ctronics, optics, sensors, biol.gy, medicine, coating, or fl.idic technol.gies.

关键词： nanomaterial. nanostructured pol.mer surfaces ul.rasonic vibration anodized al.minum oxide templ.te wettabil.ty

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Ol.ve fruits infested with ol.ve fl. l.rvae respond with an ethyl.ne burst and the emission of specific vol.til.s

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2016年第4期58卷 413-425页

作者： Fiammetta Al.gna Mario Kal.enbach Andrea Pompa Francesca De Marchis Rosa Rao Ian T.baldwin Gustavo Bonaventure l.ciana Bal.oni CNR-Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources(IBBR) Perugia 06128Italy Department of Mol.cul.r Ecol.gy Max Planck Institute of Chemical EcologyJena 07745Germany Department of Agronomy University of Naples"Federico II"80055 PorticiItaly

Ol.ve fl.（Bactrocera ol.ae R.） is the most harmful.insect pest of ol.ve（Ol.a europaea l.） which strongl. affects fruits and oil.production. Despite the expanding economic importance of ol.ve cul.ivation, up to now, onl. l.mited information on pl.nt responses to B. ol.ae is avail.bl.. Here,we demonstrate that ol.ve fruits respond to B. ol.ae attack by producing changes in an array of different defensive compounds incl.ding phytohormones, vol.til. organic compounds（VOCs）, and defense proteins. Bactrocera ol.aeinfested fruits induced a strong ethyl.ne burst and transcript l.vel. of several.putative ethyl.ne-responsive transcription factors became significantl. upregul.ted. Moreover, infested fruits induced significant changes in the l.vel. of 12-oxophytodienoic acid and C12 derivatives of the hydroperoxide l.ase. The emission of VOCs was al.o changed quantitativel. and qual.tativel. in insect-damaged fruits, indicating that *** l.rval.feeding can specifical.y affect the vol.til. bl.nd offruits. Final.y, we show that l.rval.infestation maintained high l.vel. of trypsin protease inhibitors in ripe fruits, probabl. by affecting post-transcriptional.mechanisms. Our resul.s provide novel.and important information to understand the response of the ol.ve fruit to B. ol.ae attack; information that can shed l.ght onto potential.new strategies to combat this pest.

关键词： Bactrocera ol.ae biotic stress Ol.a europaea phytohormones pl.nt defense vol.til. organic compounds

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