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Cost-optimization based target reliabilities for design of structures exposed to fire

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2024年第2期3卷 20-33页

作者： ranjit Kumar Chaudhary Thomas Gernay Ruben Van Coile Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Civil Engineering Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218United States

Adequacy of structural fire design in uncommon structures is conceptually ensured through cost-benefit analysis where the future costs are balanced against the benefits of safety ***-benefit analyses,however,are complicated and computationally challenging,and hence impractical for application to individual *** address this issue,design guidance proposes target reliability indices for normal design conditions,but no target reliability indices are defined for structural fire *** revisit the background of the cost-optimization based approach underlying normal design target reliability indices then we extend this approach for the case of fire design of *** also propose a modified objective function for cost-optimization which simplifies the evaluation of target reliability indices and reduces the number of *** optimum safety level is expressed as a function of a new dimensionless variable named“Damage-to-investment indicator”(DII).The cost optimization approach is validated for the target reliability indices for normal design *** method is then applied for evaluating DII and the associated optimum reliability indices for fire-exposed *** case studies are presented:(i)a one-way loaded reinforced concrete slab and(ii)a steel column under axial *** study thus provides a framework for deriving optimum(target)reliability index for structural fire design which can support the development of rational provisions in codes and standards.

关键词： Target reliability Cost optimization Life-cycle cost Structural fire engineering Design code

A novel bioremediation strategy for petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants using salt tolerant Corynebacterium variabile HRJ4 and biochar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 7-13页

作者： Hairong Zhang Jingchun Tang Lin Wang Juncheng Liu ranjit Gajanan Gurav Kejing Sun College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation Tianjin 300071 China Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education) Tianjin 300071 China State Key Laboratory of Enuironmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012 China

The present work aimed to develop a novel strategy to bioremediate the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in the *** tolerant bacterium was isolated from Dagang oilfield,China and identified as Corynebacterium variabile HRJ4 based on 16 S r RNA gene sequence *** bacterium had a high salt tolerant capability and biochar was developed as carrier for the *** bacteria with biochar were most effective in degradation of n-alkanes（C16,C18,C19,C26,C28） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（NAP,PYR） *** result demonstrated that immobilization of *** HRJ4 with biochar showed higher degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons（THPs） up to 78.9%after 7-day of incubation as compared to the free leaving *** approach of this study will be helpful in clean-up of petroleum-contamination in the environments through bioremediation process using eco-friendly and cost effective materials like biochar.

关键词： Bioremediation Biochar Corynebacterium variabile HRJ4 Immobilization Petroleum hydrocarbons

Elevational distribution of butterflies in the Himalayas: a case study from Langtang National Park, Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1384-1390页

作者： ranjit PANDEY Kapil K KHADKA Anuj GHIMIRE Puja JHA Umesh PATHAK Oklahoma State University Department of Integrative Biology University of Arkansas Department of Biological Sciences Tribhuvan University Central Department of Zoology Oklahoma State University Tribhuvan University Central Department of Environmental Sciences

Mountain ecosystems are relatively more vulnerable to climate change since human induced climate change is projected to be higher at high altitudes and latitudes. Climate change induced effects related to glacial response and water hazards have been documented in the Himalayas in recent years, yet studies regarding species' response to climate change are largely lacking from the mountains and Himalayas of Nepal. Changes in distribution and latitudinal/altitudinal range shift, which are primary adaptive responses to climate change in many species,are largely unknown due to unavailability of adequate data from the past. In this study, we explored the elevational distribution of butterflies in Langtang Village Development Committee(VDC) of Langtang National park; a park located in the high altitudes of Nepal. We found a decreasing species richness pattern along the elevational gradient considered ***, elevation did not appear to have a significant effect on the altitudinal distribution ofbutterflies at family level. Also, distribution of butterflies in the area was independent of habitat type,at family level. Besides, we employed indicator group analysis(at family level) and noticed that butterfly families Papilionidae, Riodinidae, and Nymphalidae are significantly associated to high, medium and low elevational zone making them indicator butterfly family for those elevational zones, respectively. We expect that this study could serve as a baseline information for future studies regarding climate change effects and range shifts and provide avenues for further exploration of butterflies in the high altitudes of Nepal.

关键词： Butterflies Indicator species Nepal Range shift Climate change Himalayas

Functional Role of Dendritic Cells in Patients with Unstable Angina

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2005年第4期25卷 397-399,415页

作者：李大主 Sharma ranjit 曾秋棠 Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 China

Summary： To investigate the function of dendritic cells （DC） in patients with unstable angina, 10 mL of blood was drawn from 30 subjects. 15 patients diagnosed as having unstable angina and 15 healthy subjects were included in an observation and a control groups respectively. The mononuclear cells were separated from the peripheral blood and cultured in RPMI1640 supplemented with recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor （rh GM-CSF） and recombinant human interleukin-4 （rh IL-4） to induce dendritic cells. The shape and ultrastructure of DC was examined with electronic microscope. The phenotype of DC was analyzed with FACS and the alloantigen presenting capacity of DC was evaluated by mixed lymphocyte reaction （MLR）. The expression tale of CD86 of DC in patients with unstable angina was （40. 7±3. 6）%, which was obviously higher than thai of normalDC （29.6±2.5 %）（P〈0.001）. The capacity of the DCs in unstable angina patients to induce allogenic T cells （OD 2.73±1. 10）, was significantly higher than that of the normal DC （OD：0.9±0.21）（P〈0.005）. It is suggested thai the function of DC in patients with unstable angina is increased, which may play an important role in the initiation of immune reaction in the plaque.

关键词： unstable angina dendritc cells

Study of pedestrian hybrid beacon's effectiveness for motorists at midblock pedestrian crossings

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第6期3卷 531-539页

作者： ranjit Prasad Godavarthy Eugene R.Russell Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University Department of Civil Engineering Kansas State University

Pedestrian signals, particularly at signalized, midblock crossings, delay drivers, which is termed ＂unnecessary delay＂ in this study. A pedestrian hybrid beacon was proven to be effective in decreasing this unnecessary delay to the drivers at midblock pedestrian crossings when compared to standard signalized midblock crossings. Two pedestrian hybrid beacons were installed at midblock pedestrian crossings in Lawrence, Kansas. A study was conducted at these two locations to determine the effectiveness of the pedestrian hybrid beacon in decreasing the unnecessary delay to drivers by comparing them with a signalized midblock on Massachusetts Street, Lawrence, Kansas. In addition to the delay measurements for drivers at pedestrian hybrid beacon and signalized treatment at midblock pedestrian crossings, other parameters such as driver compliance rate, pedestrian compliance rate, and other driver and pedestrian characteristics were also studied. Video cameras were used at these test locations and the effectiveness of the pedestrian hybrid beacon was analyzed from the video. A more than 90% reduction in delays was observed for the drivers at the pedestrian hybrid beacon at midblock crossings compared to the signalized crossing. Further, a better driver compliance rate was also recorded at the pedestrian hybrid beacon. Information about reductions in unnecessary delay to drivers and improvements to driver and pedestrian compliance rates from the use of pedestrian hybrid beacons would be useful to engineers, decision makers, and researchers to determine an optimum treatment at desired pedestrian crossings.

关键词： HAWK beacon Midblock pedestrian treatment Pedestrian hybrid beacon Pedestrian safety Unnecessary delay

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第10期12卷 479-482页

作者： ranjit Sah Meenu Chaudhary Shusila Khadka Rafael Toledo Lucrecia Acosta Department of Microbiology Tribhuvan University Institute of MedicineKathmanduNepal Department of Ophthalmology BP Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic StudiesTribhuvan University Institute of MedicineKathmanduNepal área de Parasitología Departamento de FarmaciaTecnología Farmacéutica y ParasitologíaFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de ValenciaAv.Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n46100 BurjassotValenciaSpain área de Parasitología Departamento de Agroquímica y Medio AmbienteUniversidad Miguel Hernández de ElcheCampus de Sant Joan d′Alacant s/n03550 Sant JoanAlicanteSpain

Rationale: Microbial keratitis caused by coinfection with more than one species of pathogens is a severe condition with an unfavorable prognosis. Patient concerns: An immunocompetent Nepali woman complained of pain in the left eye, redness, watering and decreased vision for 5 months. Interventions: The patient was discarded and accurately diagnosed with coinfection with Fusarium sp. and Acanthamoeba sp. The habit of washing the eyes with tap water from a domestic storage tank was the most likely source of infection since it was found to be contaminated with cysts of Acanthamoeba sp. The woman received eye drops of fluconazole and natamycin(5%), cefazoline(50 mg/m L), atropine, and tablets of itraconazole(100 mg), which were later switched to eye drops of clotrimazole(1%), natamycin(5%) and voriconazole(1%), and tablets of itraconazole. A full thickness penetrating keratoplasty was performed followed by treatment with eye drops of voriconazole(1%), natamet(5%), ofloxacin, atropine and carboxymethylcellulose for one ***: After treatment, the condition of the patient significantly improved and was discharged one week after keratoplasty. Lessons: This is the first report of Acanthamoeba keratitis in Nepal and the first report of coinfection with Fusarium in this country and highlights the importance of early diagnosis of microbial keratitis both in single microorganism infections and coinfections, even in no contact lens wearers.

关键词： Acanthamoeba Fusarium Coinfection Microbial keratitis Nepal

Harmful algal blooms in fresh and marine water systems： The role of toxin producing phytoplankton

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第3期9卷 191-210页

作者： Nilesh Kumar Thakur S. K. Tiwari ranjit Kumar Upadhyay Department of MathematicsNational Institute of Technology Raipur 492010 Department of Applied MathematicsIndian School of Mines Dhanbad 826004

In this paper, we have investigated a model with three interacting species： non-toxic phy- toplankton, toxic phytoplankton and zooplankton with Holling type II and III functional responses over the space and time. The role of toxin producing phytoplankton （TPP） has been studied. We have presented the theoretical analysis of pattern formation in spatially distributed population with local diffusion. The paper highlights the hetero- geneity of HABs over space and time. The choice of parameter values and the functional response is important to study the effect of TPP, also it would depend more on the non- linearity of the system. With the help of numerical simulations, we have observed the spatial and spatiotemporal patterns for plankton system. This study demonstrates that TPP plays an important role in controlling the dynamics. We have observed that prey＇s anti-predator efforts promote predator switching. It has been found that high predation of TPP helps for the coexistence of toxic, non-toxic phytoplankton and zooplankton population.

关键词： Plankton harmful algal bloom toxin producing phytoplankton spatiotem-poral pattern.

Impact of geomorphometric parameters on the occurrence and distribution of landslides in Yamuna River Basin,North-Western Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2374-2396页

作者： Ravi SHANKAR Gyan Prakash SATYAM Prakash Kumar SINGH Nilesh Kumar RAI ranjit Kumar PASWAN REED CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel ResearchDhanbad 826001India Department of Applied Geology Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)Dhanbad 826004India Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of AllahabadPrayagraj 211002Uttar PradeshIndia

The majority of landslides in the Indian Himalayas are triggered by rainfall and *** geology and geomorphology also play an important role and constitute the major predisposing factor controlling ***,active tectonics modify the landscape,impacting the occurrence and distribution of *** objective of this study is to investigate the role of some of the major predisposing factors to assess landslide patterns in the Yamuna River Basin as it is prone to recurrent landslide *** approach mainly deals with the application of geographical information system-based statistical analysis and quantifying frequency-area distribution of rainfalltriggered landslides for the years 2015 to *** analysis shows that the frequency of landslides is highest in the slope range 40°-70°and the mean landslide size is higher in the slope range 0°-20°and 30°-40°,remaining constant on further increase in slope *** study shows that some critical slope range controls both the frequency and size of *** were mostly restricted to south facing *** 91%of the landslide occur in the drainage density range of 1.2 to 2.1 km/km^(2) while landslides show very low occurrence in either lower(2.1)drainage *** distribution analysis of landslides depicts a distinct cutoff point but an indistinct rollover ***-sampling of small landslides can be a reasonable cause for *** other studies,the present data fits very well for medium and large landslides following an inverse power law with a scaling exponent *** 80% of landslides are smaller than the cutoff size and 20% larger than this *** geology and tectonics of Lesser Himalayas and Sivaliks offer favorable conditions for frequent *** such as Dehradun,Uttarkashi,Sirmaur,Shimla,and Solan are very prone to landslide activity owing to the presence of poorly consolidated sandstone,conglomerate,quartzites,phylli

关键词： Himalaya Geomorphometry Landslide Yamuna River Basin

Deep Convolutional Network Based Machine Intelligence Model for Satellite Cloud Image Classification

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第1期6卷 32-43页

作者： Kalyan Kumar Jena Sourav Kumar Bhoi Soumya Ranjan Nayak ranjit Panigrahi Akash Kumar Bhoi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Parala Maharaja Engineering CollegeBerhampur 761003India Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity UniversityUttar Pradesh 201303India Department of Computer Applications Sikkim Manipal Institute of TechnologySikkim Manipal UniversitySikkim 737102India Directorate of Research Sikkim Manipal UniversityGangtokSikkim 737102India

As a huge number of satellites revolve around the earth,a great probability exists to observe and determine the change phenomena on the earth through the analysis of satellite images on a real-time ***,classifying satellite images plays strong assistance in remote sensing communities for predicting tropical *** this article,a classification approach is proposed using Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN),comprising numerous layers,which extract the features through a downsampling process for classifying satellite cloud *** is trained marvelously on cloud images with an impressive amount of prediction *** time decreases for testing images,whereas prediction accuracy increases using an appropriate deep convolutional network with a huge number of training dataset *** satellite images are taken from the Meteorological&Oceanographic Satellite Data Archival Centre,the organization is responsible for availing satellite cloud images of India and its *** proposed cloud image classification shows 94% prediction accuracy with the DCNN framework.

关键词： satellite images satellite image classification cyclone prediction Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN) features layers down-sampling process