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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso Iván Y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air *** Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is ***,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central *** studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the new *** applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the *** results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed nO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional *** contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency *** the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Maximizing aged photovoltaic array power:a computer modelling study

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 171-187页

作者： Fadi n.Sibai Electrical&Computer Engineering Department Gulf University for Science and TechnologyMishrefKuwait

Photovoltaic(PV)modules age with time for various reasons such as corroded joints and terminals and glass coating defects,and their ageing degrades the PV array *** the help of the PV array numerical model,this paper explores the effects of PV module ageing on the PV array power,and the power gains and costs of rearranging and recabling aged PV modules in a PV *** numerical PV array model is first revised to account for module ageing,rearrangement and recabling,with the relevant equations presented *** updated numerical model is then used to obtain the array powers for seven different PV *** power results are then analysed in view of the attributes of the seven PV array examples.A guiding method to recommend recabling after rearranging aged modules is then proposed,leading to further significant power gains,while eliminating intra-row *** certain conditions are met,it was shown that recabling PV modules after rearranging them may lead to further significant power gains,reaching 57%and 98%in two considered PV array *** gains are possible in other arrays.A cost-benefit analysis weighing annual power gains versus estimated recabling costs is also given for the seven considered PV array examples to guide recabling decisions based on technical and economic *** the considered examples,recabling costs can be recovered inns due to our proposed rearranging and recabling the PV arrays ranged between 73%and 131%in the considered examples—well over the gains reported in the ***,the cost of our static module rearrangement and recabling method outshines the costs of dynamic reconfiguration methods recently published in the literature.

关键词： solar energy optimizing array power photovoltaic array modelling photovoltaic modules ageing photovoltaic module rearrangement module recabling and reconfiguration PV array mismatch

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Predicting uniaxial compressive strength of tuff after accelerated freeze-thaw testing: Comparative analysis of regression models and artificial neural networks

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第10期21卷 3521-3535页

作者： Ogün Ozan VAROL Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of EngineeringVan Yuzuncu Yil UniversityVan 65080Türkiye

Ignimbrites have been widely used as building materials in many historical and touristic structures in the Kayseri region of Türkiye. Their diverse colours and textures make them a popular choice for modern construction as well. However, ignimbrites are particularly vulnerable to atmospheric conditions, such as freeze-thaw cycles, due to their high porosity, which is a result of their formation process. When water enters the pores of the ignimbrites, it can freeze during cold weather. As the water freezes and expands, it generates internal stress within the stone, causing micro-cracks to develop. Over time, repeated freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles lead to the growth of these micro-cracks into larger cracks, compromising the structural integrity of the ignimbrites and eventually making them unsuitable for use as building materials. The determination of the long-term F-T performance of ignimbrites can be established after long F-T experimental processes. Determining the long-term F-T performance of ignimbrites typically requires extensive experimental testing over prolonged freeze-thaw cycles. To streamline this process, developing accurate predictive equations becomes crucial. In this study, such equations were formulated using classical regression analyses and artificial neural networks (Ann) based on data obtained from these experiments, allowing for the prediction of the F-T performance of ignimbrites and other similar building stones without the need for lengthy testing. In this study, uniaxial compressive strength, ultrasonic propagation velocity, apparent porosity and mass loss of ignimbrites after long-term F-T were determined. Following the F-T cycles, the disintegration rate was evaluated using decay function approaches, while uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values were predicted with minimal input parameters through both regression and Ann analyses. The Ann and regression models created for this purpose were first started with a single input value and then dev

关键词： Ignimbrite Uniaxial compressive strength Freeze-thaw Decay function Regression Artificial neural network

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Antibiotic ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solutions by electrochemically activated persulfate process:Optimization,degradation pathways,and toxicology assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 85-98页

作者： Elif Yakamercan Ahmet Aygün Halis Simsek Environmental Engineering Department Bursa Technical UniversityBursaTurkey Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Ciprofloxacin(CIP)is a commonly used antibiotic in the fluoroquinolone group and is widely used in medical and veterinary medicine disciplines to treat bacterial *** CIP is discharged into the sewage system,it cannot be removed by a conventional wastewater treatment plant because of its recalcitrant *** this study,boron-doped diamond anode and persulfate were used to degrade CIP in an aquatic solution by creating an electrochemically activated persulfate(EAP)*** added to the system as a coactivator and the process was called EAP+*** effects of independent variables,including pH,Fe^(2+),persulfate concentration,and electrolysis time on the systemwere optimized using the response surface *** results showed that the EAP+Fe process removed 94%of CIP under the following optimum conditions:A pH of 3,persulfate/Fe^(2+)concentration of 0.4 mmol/L,initial CIP concentration 30 mg/L,and electrolysis time of 12.64 *** removal efficiency was increased from 65.10%to 94.35%by adding Fe^(2+)as a transition *** degradation products,7 pathways,and 78 intermediates of CIP were studied,and three of those intermediates(m/z 298,498,and 505)were *** toxicological analysis based on toxicity estimation software results indicated that some degradation products of CIP were toxic to targeted animals,including fathead minnow,Daphnia magna,Tetrahymena pyriformis,and *** optimumoperation costswere similar in EAP and EAP+Fe processes,approximately 0.54€/m^(3).

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Response surface methodology Electrochemically activated persulfate Electrooxidation

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EDSUCh:A robust ensemble data summarization method for effective medical diagnosis

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Digital Communications and networks 2024年第1期10卷 182-189页

作者： Mohiuddin Ahmed A.n.M.Bazlur Rashid School of Science Edith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia

Identifying rare patterns for medical diagnosis is a challenging task due to heterogeneity and the volume of *** summarization can create a concise version of the original data that can be used for effective *** this paper,we propose an ensemble summarization method that combines clustering and sampling to create a summary of the original data to ensure the inclusion of rare *** the best of our knowledge,there has been no such technique available to augment the performance of anomaly detection techniques and simultaneously increase the efficiency of medical *** performance of popular anomaly detection algorithms increases significantly in terms of accuracy and computational complexity when the summaries are ***,the medical diagnosis becomes more effective,and our experimental results reflect that the combination of the proposed summarization scheme and all underlying algorithms used in this paper outperforms the most popular anomaly detection techniques.

关键词： Data summarization Ensemble Medical diagnosis Sampling

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Study of asphaltene reaggregation in toluene/heptane mixture by dynamic and static light scattering

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 48-54页

作者： Vladimir n.Kuryakov Oil and Gas Research Institute of RAS(OGRI RAS) Gubkina Str.3119333MoscowRussian Federation

This paper presents the study of the effect of multiple ultrasonic impacts on submicron asphaltene aggregates in a toluene/heptane solution,conducted with dynamic light scattering *** objects of the study were four samples of asphaltenes obtained from four different *** all samples,the change in the average size of the asphaltene submicron aggregates with time was measured after the addition of a precipitant(heptane)to a solution of asphaltenes in toluene at an amount above the threshold *** aggregates formed in solution after the addition of the precipitant and were subjected to ultrasonic treatment,which led to the destruction of the asphaltene *** of destroyed asphaltenes was *** kinetics of this aggregation were similar to the kinetics of aggregation of asphaltenes after the addition of a *** iterations of asphaltene aggregate destruction in the sample led to a significant change in the kinetics of aggregation:the growth of aggregates slowed and stabilized at a size of approximately 200 nm and 30 nm for the different studied samples.

关键词： Asphaltenes Aggregation Sonication Dynamic light scattering Re-aggregation Colloidal stability Resins

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Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory Band Gap Calculations of Calix[n]arene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WOnG Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan M Musa n F n Abd Karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(CHnS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

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U-Pb dating of bastnäsite from the Vuoriyarvi massif:An example application for assessing the REE potential of carbonatite-related deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 444-453页

作者： Evgeniy n.Kozlov Ekaterina n.Fomina Qiuli Li Jiao Li Geological Institute Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of SciencesApatity 184209Russia Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The Vuoriyarvi massif is a Devonian multistage alkaline-ultrabasic carbonatite complex within the Kola alkaline *** carbonatites of the Vuoriyarvi massif contain abundant rare-earth mineralization mainly represented by ancylite-(Ce)and bastnäsite-(Ce).Ancylite was previously shown to have probably formed in the Devonian(ca.365 Ma)during an early postmagmatic *** geological observations have revealed a much later crystallization of bastnäsite but have not been able to specify the exact age of the *** in situ U-Pb dating of bastnäsite allowed us to constrain its ***äsite for this study was extracted from two varieties of dolomite carbonatite breccias cemented by(1)quartz-bastnäsite and(2)strontianite aggregates(hereafter bastnäsite-rich and strontianite-rich carbonatites–BRC and SRC,respectively).The obtained age estimations(237.7±9.8 Ma and 239.9±4.1 Ma,respectively)indicate that both studied rocks were formed during a single *** revealed age difference(~125 Ma)excludes the genetic link between the bastnäsite origin and regional alkaline magmatism,pointing out an additional source for the Vuoriyarvi bastnäsite-bearing ***,the obtained U-Pb ages provide strong evidence that a Triassic event is responsible for the occurrence of bastnäsite mineralization due to hydrothermal REE redistribution from the Devonian ancylite-rich *** of the REEs released during this process via dissolution of ancylite were precipitated in situ as bastnäsite,while strontium was transported and incorporated into *** Pb isotopic characteristics of bastnäsite(^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb=18.1±0.1,^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb=15.3±0.1,and^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb=0.84±0.01)are most probably inherited from the Devonian host rocks of the Vuoriyarvi massif involved in the Triassic *** signatures of Pb,Sr,and nd show that the depleted mantle and lower crust played the leading role in formation of the Vuoriyarvi alkaline

关键词： Bastnäsite REE Carbonatites U-Pb dating Vuoriyarvi Kola alkaline province

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Heterosis effect for larval performance of fall armyworm interstrain hybrids

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1296-1312页

作者： Laijiao Lan nicolas nègre DGIMI University of MontpellierINRAEMontpellierFrance

Spodoptera frugiperda,also known as fall armyworm(FAW),is an invasive crop pest that can feed on a variety of host plants,posing a serious threat to food *** are two sympatric strains of FAW that are morphologically identical but described with different food preferences:the“rice strain”(SfR)and the“corn strain”(SfC).A few genetic loci exist to identify these two *** and Z-chromosome-linked haplotypes are the most used,but the biggest part of the genome displays little polymorphism between strains that could explain their adaptation to different *** have previously observed consistent transcription differences between the strains in both laboratory and natural ***,we wonder if there are effects from host-strain-associated loci,maternally or paternally inherited,on FAW performance that could explain the divergence between the two FAW *** test this hypothesis,we first produced two F1 hybrid generations(SfR♀×SfC♂,SfC♀×SfR♂).These reciprocal hybrids should be heterozygous for all chromosomes except for the maternally inherited mitochondrial and sexual W *** evaluate whether plant preference is determined by these genetic loci,we cultivated the two hybrids and the two parental strains in triplicate on an artificial diet and recorded several phenotypic traits such as weight over time,survival rate,emerging rate,developmental time,and sex ***,the same performance experiment was carried out on corn ***,on the artificial diet,the two hybrid genotypes were both more performant than the two parental strains in terms of survival rate,pupal emerging rate,and developmental time,whereas they were intermediate to the inbred parental strains in pupal *** the corn plant diet,both hybrid genotypes outperformed the two parental strains in larval *** these asymmetrical results revealed that mitochondrial or sex-linked haplotypes alone cannot explain the performance differences

关键词： fall armyworm Haldane's rule heterosis hybrid performance mitochondria

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RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov P.B.Ermolinskiy O.n.Scheglovitova n.n.Sklyankina A.V.Muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.V.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia n.F.Gamaleya national Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(nO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced nO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the nO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that nO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only nO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of nO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,nO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

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