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Double diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A new entity or an underestimated condition

World Journal of Diabetes 2016年第20期7卷 621-626页

作者： Rim Braham Aus Alzaid Asirvatham Alwin Robert Muhammad Mujammami rania ahmad ahmad Monther Zitouni Samia Hasan Sobki Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prince Sultan Military Medical City Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit Department of MedicineKing Khalid University HospitalKing Saud University Department of Pathology Prince Sultan Military Medical City

AIM To determine the clinical and biological characteristics of double diabetes(DD) among young people in Saudi *** This was a retrospective descriptive chart review study including 312 young newly diagnosed diabetic patients(aged 12-20 years), whom were admitted over a five year period(January 2009 to December 2013). Family history of diabetes mellitus(DM)(first degree), physical body mass index(BMI), acanthosis nigricans, history of auto-immune disease and laboratory information for glycosylated hemoglobin, basal C peptide level and diabetes autoantibody response(anti-GAD, anti-IA2 and anti-ICA) were collected from medical report. A mean follow-up of 3 years for these patients was *** Patients were categorized into 4 groups, based on the autoantibody response(Ab+ or Ab-) and C-peptide secretion(β+ for fasting level 0.4-2.1 ng/mL and β- if < 0.4 ng/mL). Group1(type 1a): Ab+ β-(21%), group 2(type 1b): Ab- β-(9%), group 3(DD): Ab+ β+(31%)and group 4(classic type 2 DM): Ab- β+(39%). The mean age of the DD patients in our study was 15.1 ± 6.4 years. A total of 41% of the study population presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and 61% of the study population presented with positive family history of DM. The mean BMI was 26.8 kg/m2 with 64% of overweight or obese patients. Ninety two percent of the patients were started on insulin at the time of diagnosis. During a mean follow-up of 3 years, only 32% of the patients with DD required insulin and 78% were on metformin alone or with insulin. CONCLUSION Our findings enable us to arrive at the conclusion that almost one-third of the young Saudi diabetic patients reveal atypical forms of DM(double diabetes) expressing features resulting from both T1D and T2D.

关键词： Double diabetes Therapeutic approaches Hybrid diabetes Autoantibody response Saudi Arabia

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On Time Fractional Partial Differential Equations and Their Solution by Certain Formable Transform Decomposition Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第9期136卷 3121-3139页

作者： rania Saadeh ahmad Qazza Aliaa Burqan Shrideh Al-Omari Department of Mathematics Zarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmman11134Jordan

This paper aims to investigate a new efficient method for solving time fractional partial differential *** this orientation,a reliable formable transform decomposition method has been designed and developed,which is a novel combination of the formable integral transform and the decomposition ***,certain accurate solutions for time-fractional partial differential equations have been *** under concern demandsmore simple calculations and fewer efforts compared to the ***,the posed formable transformdecompositionmethod has been utilized to yield a series solution for given fractional partial differential ***,several interesting formulas relevant to the formable integral transform are applied to fractional operators which are performed as an excellent application to the existing ***,the formable transform decomposition method has been employed for finding a series solution to a time-fractional Klein-Gordon *** and above,some numerical simulations are also provided to ensure reliability and accuracy of the new approach.

关键词： Caputo derivative fractional differential equations formable transform time-fractional klein-gordon equation decomposition method

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Results Involving Partial Differential Equations and Their Solution by Certain Integral Transform

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1593-1616页

作者： rania Saadah Mohammed Amleh ahmad Qazza Shrideh Al-Omari Ahmet Ocak Akdemir Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmman11134Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and LettersAgri Ibrahim莈鏴n UniversityAgri04100Turkey

In this study,we aimto investigate certain triple integral transformand its application to a class of partial *** discuss various properties of the new transformincluding inversion, linearity, existence, scaling andshifting, etc. Then,we derive several results enfolding partial derivatives and establish amulti-convolution ***, we apply the aforementioned transform to some classical functions and many types of partial differentialequations involving heat equations,wave equations, Laplace equations, and Poisson equations ***,wedraw some figures to illustrate 3-D contour plots for exact solutions of some selected examples involving differentvalues in their variables.

关键词： ARA transform double ARA transform triple ARA transform partial differential equations integral transform

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Composite Fractional Trapezoidal Rule with Romberg Integration

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2729-2745页

作者： Iqbal M.Batiha rania Saadeh Iqbal H.Jebril ahmad Qazza Abeer A.Al-Nana Shaher Momani Department of Mathematics Al Zaytoonah University of JordanAmman11733Jordan Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center(NDRC) Ajman UniversityAjman 346United Arab Emirates Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics The University of JordanAmman11942Jordan

The aim of this research is to demonstrate a novel scheme for approximating the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral *** would be achieved by first establishing a fractional-order version of the 2-point Trapezoidal rule and then by proposing another fractional-order version of the(n+1)-composite Trapezoidal *** particular,the so-called divided-difference formula is typically employed to derive the 2-point Trapezoidal rule,which has accordingly been used to derive a more accurate fractional-order formula called the(n+1)-composite Trapezoidal ***,in order to increase the accuracy of the proposed approximations by reducing the true errors,we incorporate the so-called Romberg integration,which is an extrapolation formula of the Trapezoidal rule for integration,into our proposed *** numerical examples are provided and compared with a modern definition of the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator to illustrate the efficacy of our scheme.

关键词： Composite fractional Trapezoidal rule Romberg integration

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Effects of variable properties on MHD heat and mass transfer flow near a stagnation point towards a stretching sheet in a porous medium with thermal radiation

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第5期21卷 353-363页

作者： A.M.Salem rania Fathy Department of Basic Science Faculty of Computer&InformaticsSuez Canal University Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZagazig University

The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium are presented,taking into account thermal radiation and internal heat genberation/*** stretching velocity and the ambient fluid velocity are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation *** Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy *** governing fundamental equations are first transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using a scaling group of transformations and are solved numerically by using the fourth-order Rung-Kutta method with the shooting technique.A comparison with previously published work has been carried out and the results are found to be in good *** results are analyzed for the effect of different physical parameters,such as the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity,the ratio of free stream velocity to stretching velocity,the magnetic field,the porosity,the radiation and suction/injection on the flow,and the heat and mass transfer *** results indicate that the inclusion of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity into the fluids of light and medium molecular weight is able to change the boundary-layer behavior for all values of the velocity ratio parameter λ except for λ = *** addition,the imposition of fluid suction increases both the rate of heat and mass transfer,whereas fluid injection shows the opposite effect.

关键词： variable viscosity variable thermal conductivity stagnation point

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Hydromagnetic flow of a Cu water nanofluid past a moving wedge with viscous dissipation

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第4期23卷 365-372页

作者： A.M.Salem Galal Ismail rania Fathy Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Arts Qassim University Department of Basic Science Faculty of Computers and Informatics Suez Canal University Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Zagazig University

A numerical study is performed to investigate the flow and heat transfer at the surface of a permeable wedge immersed in a copper （Cu）-water-based nanofluid in the presence of magnetic field and viscous dissipation using a nanofluid model proposed by Tiwari and Das （Tiwari I K and Das M K 2007 Int. J. HeatMass Transfer 50 2002）. A similarity solution for the transformed governing equation is obtained, and those equations are solved by employing a numerical shooting technique with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. A comparison with previously published work is carried out and shows that they are in good agreement with each other. The effects of velocity ratio parameter ~, solid volume fraction tp, magnetic field M, viscous dissipation Ec, and suction parameter Fw on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are discussed. The unique and dual solutions for self-similar equations of the flow and heat transfer are analyzed numerically. Moreover, the range of the velocity ratio parameter for which the solution exists increases in the presence of magnetic field and suction parameter.

关键词： nanofluid dual solution magnetic field viscous dissipation

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Resistance to acid degradation,sorptivity,and setting time of geopolymer mortars

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第6期16卷 781-791页

作者： Osama A MOHAMED rania AL-KHATTAB Waddah AL-HAWAT College of Engineering Abu Dhabi UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Experimental evaluations were conducted to determine the water sorptivity,setting time,and resistance to a highly acidic environment,of mortar with alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag(GBS)binder and also of combinations of fly ash and GBS *** were activated using mixtures of NaOH and Na_(2)SiO_(3)*** molarity of NaOH in the mixtures ranged from 10 mol·L^(−1)to 16 mol·L^(−1),and the Na_(2)SiO_(3)/NaOH ratio was varied from 1.5 to *** samples were produced using three binder combinations:1)GBS as the only binder;2)blended binder with a slag-to-fly ash ratio of 3:1;and 3)mixed binder with 1:1 ratio of slag to fly *** samples were mixed and cured at(22±2)°C till the day of the *** impact of activator solution alkalinity,activator ratio Na_(2)SiO_(3)/NaOH,GBS content on the rate of water absorption were *** 7,28,and 90 d of immersion in a 10%sulfuric acid solution,the resistance of a geopolymer matrix to degradation was assessed by measuring the change in sample *** influence of solution alkalinity and relative fly ash content on setting times was ***-activated mortar with a slag-to-fly ash ratio of 3:1 had the least sorptivity compared to the two other binder combinations,at each curing age,and for mortars made with each of the NaOH alkaline activator *** sorptivity decreased with age and sodium hydroxide concentrations,suggesting the production of geopolymerization *** reduction in weight of sample occurred after immersion in the strong acid H_(2)SO_(4)solution for three months,regardless of binder *** was due to the synthesis of hydration and geopolymerization products in the presence of curing water,which outweighed the degradation of the geopolymer matrix caused by sulfuric acid.

关键词： alkali-activated materials fly ash sorptivity durability of concrete sodium hydroxide sodium silicates reduction in CO_(2)emissions sulfuric acid

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Polymeric nanocarriers for nose-to-brain drug delivery in neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 1866-1886页

作者： rania Awad Avi Avital Alejandro Sosnik Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science Department of Materials Science and EngineeringTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Behavioral Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Occupational TherapyFaculty of Social Welfare and Health SciencesUniversity of HaifaHaifa 3498838Israel

Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive conditions that affect the neurons of the central nervous system(CNS)and result in their damage and *** disorders include intellectual disability,autism spectrum disorder,and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and stem from the disruption of essential neurodevelopmental *** treatment of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions,together affecting~120 million people worldwide,is challenged by the blood—brain barrier(BBB)and the blood—cerebrospinal fluid barrier that prevent the crossing of drugs from the systemic circulation into the *** nose-to-brain pathway that bypasses the BBB and increases the brain bioavailability of intranasally administered drugs is promising to improve the treatment of CNS *** pathway is more efficient for nanoparticles than for solutions,hence,the research on intranasal nano-drug delivery systems has grown exponentially over the last *** nanoparticles have become key players in the field owing to the high design and synthetic *** review describes the challenges faced for the treatment of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions,the molecular and cellular features of the nasal mucosa and the contribution of intranasal nano-drug delivery to overcome ***,a comprehensive overview of polymeric nanocarriers investigated to increase drug bioavailability in the brain is introduced.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases Neurodevelopmental disorders Central nervous system Blood—brain barrier Nano-drug delivery systems Nose-to-brain pathway Intranasal administration Polymeric nanoparticles Polymeric micelles Dendrimers

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Applying design science approach to architectural design development

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第1期9卷 216-235页

作者： rania Aburamadan Claudia Trillo School of Architecture University of PhiladelphiaAmmanJordan School of Built Environment University of SalfordLancashireUK

Unlike research methods for social and positivist sciences,those for architectural design lack a discipline-specific conceptual *** science aims at producing outcomes for future use and therefore needs a robust methodological approach that encompasses different techniques and methods supporting an evidence-based architectural design *** study suggests that design science can be successfully applied to architectural design development and provides architects and designers with a powerful tool bridging the gap between research and *** so doing,this study explores the application of design science to implement a user-centered design approach.A design challenge is reframed within the robust framework of design science by referring to a case study on refugee *** traditional method by which shelter optimization is pursued by designers is questioned by involving the final users through an ethnographic approach within the framework of design *** design outcome produced through this process is a list of specifications allowing designers to create different architectural solutions and matching the requirements expressed by future *** authors argue that a user-centered design outcome can be achieved and validated through design science.

关键词： Design science Architectural design research methodology User-centered design Refugee shelter

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Singing Punishment and Redemption in the Taiping Civil War： Yu Zhrs Plays

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Frontiers of History in China 2018年第2期13卷 211-226页

作者： rania Huntington Department of Asian Languages and Cultures University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison 1220WI 53706 USA

Among the dramatists who depicted the Taiping Civil War, attempting to find meaning in the carnage and chaos, Yu Zhi （1809-74） is unique. He wrote plays during and after the war, so he considers the chaos from two historical vantage points. As one of the earliest literati to write plays in the newly popular pihuang form, he addressed different actual and imagined audiences compared to his peers. Although virtually all extant plays take an absolute anti-Taiping stance, his plays differ from his contemporaries＇ in their focus on morality rather than sentiment, and on edification rather than commemoration. At the root of these differences is an understanding of the nature of evil, redemption, and belief.

关键词： Taiping Civil War Yu Zhi drama didacticism

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