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Variability in Spatial Distribution of Precipitation Overall Rugged Topography of Lebanon, Using TRMM Images

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第3期9卷 369-380页

作者： Ihab Jomaa Marie Therese Abi Saab Sleiman Skaf Nisrine El Haj randa Massaad Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute Tal Amara Lebanon Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute Fanar Lebanon

Rain gages data represents limited spatial coverage, especially in rugged terrains like Lebanon. Other precipitation data sources are the developing satellite and radar technologies. In this study, Tropical Rain Measurement Mission (TRMM) monthly rainfall data of 18 years (1998-2014 and 2017) was used to understand monthly and yearly precipitation spatial distribution overall Lebanon. Topographic effect of rainfall spatial distribution was investigated in comparison to Plassard’s map of 1971. The annual precipitation over the country ranged between 850 mm and 200 mm that differs than the existing historical map. The maximum rainfall rate decreased by about 700 mm between the derived TRMM rainfall map and Plassard’s one. Spatial distribution of maximum precipitation rates does not coincide between maps. TRMM map of elevated terrains did not show similar trends of rainfall distribution as Plassard’s. Pixels (Lebanon was divided into 27 pixels) of lower rainfall rates was found toward the eastern side of Lebanon, in contrast to Plassard’s results. Anti-Lebanon did not show an increase in precipitation in accordance to altitude. Spatial variability of precipitation was about 50 mm between pixels which reveals the importance of considering topography while implemented rain gages as observation points. TRMM and satellite rainfall data aid in investigating complete spatial distribution of rainfall over continuous periods. Accumulating knowledge of spatial rainfall distribution on timely basis will lead to better future modelling on floods and drought conditions in Lebanon.

关键词： TRMM Data Rainfall Plassard’s Map Lebanon Topography

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Some Chemical and Microbiological Characteristics of <i>Agashi</i>Meat Product

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 851-856页

作者： Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman Mandour H. Abdelhai El Rakha B. babiker Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of Gezira Wad-Medani Sudan Food Research Centre Agricultural Research Corporation Shambat Sudan.

This study aimed to determine the chemical characteristics and the microbiological quality of Agashi sliced meat product which is consumed largely as snack food in Sudan. The study addressed the contents of moisture (32.76% ± 0.30% to 72.37% ± 0.21%), ash (0.97% ± 0.4% to 8.55% ± 0.2%), proteins (10.5% ± 0.45% to 30.7% ± 0.5%), fibers (0.20% ± 0.3% to 0.81% ± 0.6%), fats (3.34% ± 0.32% to 11.9% ± 0.1%) carbohydrates (0.39% ± 0.83 to 45.93% ± 0.84%). The concentrations of macro minerals Fe, Na, K were higher in cooked Agashi compared to those of raw Agashi samples, these macro minerals contained a range of 21.5 - 95, 30.6 - 90 and 0.1 - 1.5 mg/100g, respectively. The microbiological analyses revealed presence of high levels of total viable count, coliforms, yeast and mould, Staphylococcus spp. E. coli (about 75% positive samples) in the product, moreover, salmonella was detected in most of the raw and cooked Agashi samples. This high contamination of Agashi with food spoilage organisms and pathogens decrease the quality and constitute a public health hazard.

关键词： Agashi Meat Protein Macro-Mineral Microbiological Analysis

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Growth, Physiological and Molecular Responses of Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) under NaCl Stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第5期5卷 605-614页

作者： Sameera Hassan Muhammad Bilal Sarwar Sajjad Sadique Bushra Rashid Beenish Aftab Bahaeldeen babiker Mohamed Tayyab Husnain Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Salinity is one of the most serious growth limiting factor, therefore, no longer being ignored. Although, cotton is fairly salt tolerant;its sensitivity at crop stand and yield is affected. This study is planned to identify the growth, physiological and molecular parameters in local cotton varieties FDH 171 and FDH 786 under NaCl stress. There was 100% seed germination but hypocotyl length was reduced at increasing level of NaCl. Plant height, fresh and dry biomass were reduced as the plants were subjected to increased stress of NaCl. Stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthetic rate and ionic imbalance were found to be reduced under the gradual increase in NaCl stress and affected the plant’s overall physiological processes. PCR product of AtNHX3 has been identified in stressed and non-stressed plants. Thus, the genotypes FDH 171 & FDH 786 were found tolerant to adoption of salt stress and could be used as a source in crop improvement.

关键词： Salt Stress Gossypium arboretum Cotton Gas Exchange Parameters Growth Analysis

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Study and Development of A Quasi-direct-drive Quadruped Robot with A Compliant Leg

Study and Development of A Quasi-direct-drive Quadruped Robo...

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作者：哈里（Khalid babiker Fadlelmula Hussain）东南大学

学位级别：硕士

随着科学技术的飞速发展,腿足型移动机器人已经活跃在人类生活的各个方面。尤其是四足机器人,由于其结构和控制简单、运动稳定性好、运动速度快等优点,而受到人们的青睐。本文介绍了一种利用五杆机构设计的准直接驱动腿足式移动机器人:S... 详细信息

随着科学技术的飞速发展,腿足型移动机器人已经活跃在人类生活的各个方面。尤其是四足机器人,由于其结构和控制简单、运动稳定性好、运动速度快等优点,而受到人们的青睐。本文介绍了一种利用五杆机构设计的准直接驱动腿足式移动机器人:SEU-doggo。该机器人具有垂直跳跃高、惯性小、运动速度快、结构简单、稳定性高、适应地形环境能力强等优点。提出SEU-doggo的设计方案,分析五杆机构腿足的结构与变位原理,为其在数字化设计平台上的应用提供参考。对四足机器人的腿足结构进行运动学分析与动力学分析,提出优化方案,确定满足使用需求的五杆机构腿足移动机器人。在此基础上,设计了五杆腿足移动机器人的控制系统,搭建与之匹配的控制模型。本文以SEU-doggo为研究对象,比较分析五杆机构的连杆长度与移动机器人的垂直跳跃性能之间的关系。证明了五杆机构准直接驱动四足机器人的性能优于串联腿驱动四足机器人,尤其是在跳跃敏捷性方面。最后,将SEU-doggo加工成实体样机,并搭建相应的实验平台。最终设计的SEU-doggo能够完成走路、小跑、跳跃等动作从而适应不同的场景。其机身体积很小(0.135m*0.19m*0.435m),质量轻、负载能力强。该机器人所使用的零件均可通过机加工与3D打印完成,零件尺寸较小,低成本,易福志,非常适合商业和教育使用。结果表明,对于垂直跳跃高度和腿部运动的敏捷程度两个指标而言,本文提出的方法比以往同类机器人获得了更好的设计效果。

关键词：四足机器人 SEU-doggo 准直接驱动五杆机构

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Evaluation of Angiopoietin-2 Serum Level as a Marker of Cardiovascular Risk in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2015年第4期5卷 105-116页

作者： Manal Abdel-Salam Asmaa Abd EL Wakeel Soheir Ibrahim Tagreed Abdel-Rahman Hend Ezzat randa Sabour Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiology Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Background: Cardiovascular complications are a major clinical problem in uremic patients accounting for 44% of all deaths in this population. Angiopoietin cytokines are involved with controlling micro vascular permeability, vasodilatation and vasoconstriction by signaling smooth muscle cells surrounding vessels. Aim: To assess Angiopoietin-2 serum level as an early marker of cardiovascular risks in children with chronic kidney disease on regular hemodialysis and correlate with intimal medial thickness and echo data in those children. Patients and methods: The study included 40 children with CKD on regular hemodialysis (HD), and they were selected from the hemodialysis unit of Al-Zahraa Hospital, Al-Azhar University, during the period from December 2014 to April 2015. Another group of 40 apparently healthy children, matches age and sex with patients group as a controls. Angiopoietin-2 serum level, Doppler ultrasound (U/S) to assess: intima-media thickness (IMT) and the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the main arteries including the (aorta, carotid and femoral) arteries, conventional echo and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of mitral and tricuspid annular velocities are obtained for both groups. Results: Children on regular HD have significantly higher (Angiopoietin-2) serum level compared to their controls, and it is (161.35 ± 38.30 ng/ml) and (9.25 ± 12.64 ng/ml) respectively (p, 0.000) and increases in the aorta, carotid and femoral (IMT) with significant increase in their mean systolic velocities in patients group compared to the controls. Significant increase in tricuspid valve late diastolic velocity (TVA vel m/s) and (E/e’ ratio) obtained by (TDI), its abnormalities threshold is detected in patients group than controls, with significant increase right ventricular systolic pulmonary pressure in patients compared to the controls. Conclusions: Higher prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction is detected by conventional and TDI echo in children on hemodialysis. Angi

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease Angiopoietin-2 Intima-Medial Thickness

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Variation in Polyamine Content among 12 Pollinated Wheat Genotypes under Drought Stress Condition

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Open Journal of Geology 2017年第8期7卷 1094-1109页

作者： Mahdi Seyedsalehi Parisa Sharifi Ombretta Paladino Gassan Hodaifa Elba C. Villegas randa M. Osman Department of Environmental Engineering Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Urmia University Urmia Iran Department of Civil Chemical and Environmental Engineering Università di Genova Genoa Italy Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Chemical Engineering Area University of Pablo de Olavide Seville Spain Laboratory of Function-Structure and Protein Engineering Center for Research on Biotechnology Autonomous University of Morelos State (UAEM) Cuernavaca Mexico Department of Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant National Research Centre Cairo Egypt

The present work aims to study the drought stress effects on polyamine content and its relationship with growth and development in seeds, during cell division (from the beginning and until 17 days after pollination) and grain filling (until reaching the physiological maturity) stages. Factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design was carried out with three replications. Two factors of the experiment were considered: the level of irrigation (irrigation without and with drought stress during cell division stage and with drought stress during grain filling stage) and the level of wheat genotype (drought-resistant, semi-resistant and sensitive genotypes). As control treatment, soil moisture content of the field was considered. For drought-stress treatment, the 50% of the soil moisture content in control treatment was established. According to the experimental results, Putrescine content value is higher in control treatment which develops seeds of drought-resistant genotypes than that are registered for semi-resistant and sensitive genotypes. Both drought stress treatments induced significant rises in putrescine amount in the different genotypes of the study. The rises of putrescine content in sensitive and semi-resistant genotypes, however, were higher than in resistant ones, and the highest rise in putrescine content appeared in manning semi-resistant genotype during the stage of grain filling (27 days after pollination). Exerting drought stress in both stages of cell division and grain filling led to significant increase in spermine and spermidine contents of developing seeds of entire genotypes of the study. The highest spermidine content during grain filling stage occurred in sensitive genotypes of Shark and Tevee’s, and the lowest occurred in semi-resistant genotype of Sabalan. The highest spermine content during cell division stage, though, happened in semi-resistant genotype of manning. In fact, spermine and spermidine act as analogous to p

关键词： Polyamines Drought Wheat Randomized Complete Block (RCB)

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A Spectrally Selective Window for Hot Climates

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2017年第2期7卷 33-44页

作者： M. O. Sid-Ahmed M. H. Bilal S. G. babiker Department of Physics Omdurman Ahlia University Omdurman Sudan Department of Physics Faculty of Education University of Algadarif Gadaref Sudan Department of Physics Red Sea University Port Sudan Sudan

Rigorous coupled-wave analysis has been used to design a glazing for hot climates. The designed glazing is relatively simple and it transmits most of the visible light and reflects most of the infrared radiation. It does not need any external source of energy to control its optical properties. It consists of ITO and four periodic pairs of Si/SiO2, deposited on a glass sheet. The optimum thicknesses of ITO, Si and SiO2 are 0.1 μm, 0.15 and 0.4 μm, respectively. The glazing acts as an optically selective filter. It transmits about 80% of the visible light and reflects almost all the infrared radiation. The performance of the glazing is almost independent of the angle of incidence of solar radiation. This makes it suitable for all hours of the day. The fabrication of the glazing and the testing have been performed at the laboratories of the Faculty of Science, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa. Magnetron sputtering technique has been used for the fabrication. ITO, Si and SiO2 have been used as sputtering targets. The experimental results are almost identical to the simulation results.

关键词： Smart Windows Electrochromic Windows Thermochromic Windows Hot Climates

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加拿大30年来层状烃类溶剂驱评价

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国外石油地质 1995年第4期17卷 48-55,80页

作者： randa.,T 金建

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Effect of Diet Supplementation with Food Industry By-Products on Diabetic Rats

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 875-882页

作者： Sirekhatim B. Elhardallou Wisal A. M. babiker Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman Adil Abdalla Gobouri Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Taif Taif Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences University of Taif Taif Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Biology Faculty of Science University of Hail Hail Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The present research work aimed to study the effects of 3 nutritional food industry by-products (orange peels, peanut skin peels and pomegranate peel) on regulating blood glucose level. 66 male adult Sprague-Dawely rats weighing 125 ± 5 g each were used. These rats were injected with alloxan for inducing diabetes. The negative control group consisted of rats fed on basal diet, while the positive control group consisted of (3 - 11) sub-groups fed on basal diet in addition to 5%, 7.5% and 10% of nutritional food industry by-products. After 4 weeks the effect of the different experimental diets on body weight gain, organs relative weight, blood glucose level, liver functions and kidney functions was recorded for the negative group and all the positive sub-groups. The results revealed that there was non-significant difference between all relative organ weights of liver, kidney and pancreas compared to control negative. Blood glucose level significantly decreased in all sub-groups compared to the control positive group.

关键词： Glucose Orange Peels Peanut Skin Peels Body Weight

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牛副结核病的诊断和防治(综述)

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中国兽药杂志 1986年第3期 48-50页

作者： HANS RRIEMANN babiker ABBAS 周齐美国加里福利亚大学

副结核病的文献是大量的,在世界各地,许多种类家畜和野生动物中都诊断出本病。但主要侵害反刍动物,这个病的重要经济意义在于牛、绵羊和山羊。既敏感又特异的诊断方法还没有找到,没有找到的原因或者是由于感染动物免疫反应阶段性质或者... 详细信息

副结核病的文献是大量的,在世界各地,许多种类家畜和野生动物中都诊断出本病。但主要侵害反刍动物,这个病的重要经济意义在于牛、绵羊和山羊。既敏感又特异的诊断方法还没有找到,没有找到的原因或者是由于感染动物免疫反应阶段性质或者是用各种试验中使用的抗原制剂纯度不够。控制和消除副结核病仍处于研究阶段,使用菌苗的地方主要是欧洲,並且收到明显的效果。对菌苗的估价,並不总是很恰如其分。其它几种控制方针也提出方案或偿试。但对任何一个都没有作出最后评价。这个疾病对人们仍属于一个挑战性的问题。

关键词：牛副结核病估价保护力自然感染副结核菌素牛群菌苗疫苗皮内变态反应

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