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Relationship Between Climate Change and Marmot Plague of Marmota himalayana Plague Focus—the Altun Mountains of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China,2000–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第4期6卷 69-74,I0006页

作者： Qun duan Xiaojin Zheng Zhiqiang Gan Dongyue Lyu Hanyu Sha Xinmin Lu Xiaoling Zhao Asaiti Bukai ran duan Shuai Qin Li Wang Jinxiao Xi Di Wu Peng Zhang Deming Tang Zhaokai He Huaiqi Jing Biao Kan Xin Wang National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Akesai Kazak Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jiuquan CityGansu ProvinceChina Jiuquan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jiuquan CityGansu ProvinceChina Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina

Introduction:Plague is a zoonotic disease that occurs naturally in specific geographic areas.Climate change can influence the populations of the plague host or vector,leading to variations in the occurrence and epidemiology of plague in animals.Methods:In this study,we collected meteorological and plague epidemiological data from the Marmota himalayana plague focus in the Altun Mountains of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The data spanned from 2000 to 2022.We describe the climatic factors and plague epidemic conditions and we describe their analysis by Pearson’s correlation.Results:During the period from 2000 to 2022,the isolation rates of Yersinia pestis(Y.pestis)from marmots and fleas were 9.27%(451/4,864)and 7.17%(118/1,646),respectively.Additionally,we observed a positive rate of F1 antibody of 11.25%(443/3,937)in marmots and 18.16%(142/782)in dogs.With regards to climate,there was little variation,and a decreasing trend in blowing-sand days was observed.The temperature in the previous year showed a negative correlation with the Y.pestis isolation rate in marmots(r=−0.555,P=0.011)and the positive rate of F1 antibody in marmots(r=−0.552,P=0.012)in the current year.The average annual precipitation in the previous two years showed a positive correlation with marmot density(r=0.514,P=0.024),while blowingsand days showed a negative correlation with marmot density(r=−0.701,P=0.001).Furthermore,the average annual precipitation in the previous three years showed a positive correlation with the isolation rate of Y.pestis from marmots(r=0.666,P=0.003),and blowing-sand days showed a negative correlation with marmot density(r=−0.597,P=0.009).Conclusions:The findings of this study indicate that there is a hysteresis effect of climate change on the prevalence of plague.Therefore,monitoring climate conditions can offer significant insights for implementing timely preventive and control measures to combat plague epidemics.

关键词： Plague epidemiology Plateau

Hot cracking behavior of large size GH4742 superalloy vacuum induction melting ingot

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第9期29卷 1505-1512页

作者： Liang Zhang Lei Wang Yang Liu Xiu Song Teng Yu ran duan Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheasternUniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina High Temperature Materials Division Fushun Special Steel Co.Ltd.Fushun 113001LiaoningChina Gaona Aero Material Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The developing of large size superalloy vacuum induction melting(VIM)ingots is limited owing to hot cracking,The hot cracking behavior of the large size GH4742 superalloy VIM ingot was investigated via experiment and simulation.The microstructure was examined by optical microscopy,and element segregation was investigated by electron probe microanalysis.The solidification temperature range and yield strength at high temperature(YSHT)were calculated by JMatPro software.The results show that the variations of microstructure and element segregation in different locations are caused by different cooling rates.Moreover,the larger secondary dendrite arm spacing and serious element segregation of Nb accelerate hot cracking of the VIM ingot.In addition,the solidification temperature range is wider,and YSHT is lower in center than at edge of the ingot.Therefore,the hot cracking susceptibility is the highest in the center of the GH4742 superalloy VIM ingot.The critical criterion of element segregation for hot cracking is that the partition coeffcient of Nb should be larger than 0.5.

关键词： Hot cracking Large size-Superlloy Vacuum induction melting ingot Element segregation

Effects of CuInS_(2)nanoparticles on the alignment control of liquid crystals

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7542-7548页

作者： Dongyu Zhao Yuanyuan Guo Weihua Bi Xin Li ran duan Lin Guo Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Liquid crystal-nanoparticle composite systems have attracted particular attention for both academic interests and applications in inducing macroscopic alignment,altering electro-optic response of the liquid crystal hosts,and generating ordered,tunable soft metamaterials.Herein,the synthesis of two shapes of CuInS_(2)nanoparticles,tremelliform-like CuInS_(2)and frame-like CuInS_(2),and their utilization in producing uniform homeotropic alignment of liquid crystals are reported.Through exploring the mechanism in detail,the crystal structures of CuInS_(2)nanoparticles were found to rely heavily on the reaction solvents during the growth process,which in turn play a significant role on the anchor of liquid crystal molecules.The achieved homeotropic alignment shows high thermal stability,owing to the outstanding stability of the CuInS_(2)nanoparticles.In addition,combining this feasible method with parallel-aligning technique,variable pretilt angles in a range of~0.9°to~7.2°could be continuously achieved.

关键词： CuInS_(2)nanoparticles morphology liquid crystals alignment pretilt angle

Scar-centered dilation in the treatment of large keloids

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第18期10卷 6032-6038页

作者： Min Wu Jie-Yu Gu ran duan Bo-Xuan Wei Feng Xie Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China

BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars and keloid treatment is a major problem in plastic surgery.While small keloids can be treated with resection followed by radiotherapy,large keloids require treatment with a tissue expander.Conventional methods increase the need for auxiliary incisions,causing new scar hyperplasia.AIM To introduce a new method for the treatment of keloids with an expander.METHODS Between 2018 and 2021,we performed surgeries to treat large keloids in nine patients with a two-stage approach.In the first stage,an intrascar incision was made in the keloid,and a customized expander was implanted under the keloid and the surrounding normal skin.A period of 3-6 mo was allowed for skin expansion.In the second stage,after the initial incision healed,a follow-up surgery was performed to remove the expander,resect the keloid,and repair the expanded skin flap.To accomplish this,an incision was made along the scar boundary to avoid making a new surgical incision and creating new scars.Superficial radiotherapy was then performed postoperatively.RESULTS Two patients had anterior chest keloids.After treatment,the anterior chest incision was broken repeatedly and then sutured again after debridement.It healed smoothly without scar hyperplasia.Keloids were successfully removed in 7 patients without recurrence.CONCLUSION This method was performed through a keloid incision and with a custom expander embedded.After full expansion,the keloid was directly resected using a linear suture,which avoids new surgical incisions and scars and can successfully remove large-area keloids.The treatment is effective,providing new insights and strategies for the treatment of similar large-area keloid and hypertrophic scar cases in the future.

关键词： Expander Keloids Superficial radiotherapy Intrascar incision Treatment

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数字技术赋能下演剧空间的沉浸感体验分析

四川戏剧 2024年第3期 139-142页

作者：段然中央戏剧学院数字戏剧系

随着数字技术在演剧艺术中的不断深入应用,沉浸感体验方式正呈现出多维度的拓展趋势,数字技术的引入为演剧艺术带来了全新的视听体验和更为丰富的空间形态。在此过程中,数字技术所产生的虚拟性、互动性等特点对演剧创作具有积极的影响,... 详细信息

随着数字技术在演剧艺术中的不断深入应用,沉浸感体验方式正呈现出多维度的拓展趋势,数字技术的引入为演剧艺术带来了全新的视听体验和更为丰富的空间形态。在此过程中,数字技术所产生的虚拟性、互动性等特点对演剧创作具有积极的影响,并引发其美学特性上的变化。本文通过深入分析近年来演剧中的典型案例,探讨数字技术在演剧艺术中的主要表现形式以及相应的审美属性。

关键词：数字技术沉浸感具身体验审美感官

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 — Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, 2001–2021

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China CDC weekly 2023年第14期5卷 311-314页

作者： Wenwen Zhu Hui Guo Jingjing Xu Weiwei Wu Yanmin Yi Jiao Wang ran duan Jing Tong Yangguang Du Xuzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Xuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Xuzhou Municipal Tongshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Xuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Xuzhou Municipal Center for Public Health Inspection Xuzhou CityJiangsu ProvinceChina

Escherichia coli(E.coli)that produce Shiga toxin or verocytotoxin is commonly known as Shiga toxinproducing E.coli(STEC)or verocytotoxin-producing E.coli(VTEC).Hemorrhagic enteritis(HC),caused by foodborne zoonotic pathogen enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC)O157:H7,was first reported in the United States in 1982 and has since caused outbreaks of human infections in various countries such as Canada,Japan,and China.In China,the pathogen was isolated from the feces of patients with diarrhea in Xuzhou City,Jiangsu Province in 1986.It later caused an outbreak in Xuzhou and adjacent areas from 1999 to 2000(1).Measures that included investigation of diarrhea patients,identification of the pathogen,and clearing epidemiological characteristics were implemented to control the spread of the disease.Subsequently,a surveillance program was reformulated in 2001 in Tongshan District,Xuzhou City based on the national O157:H7 surveillance program and the reality of Jiangsu Province.The program included 18 towns for diarrhea patients and food surveillance,and 3 major animal farming towns for animal surveillance.The program has led to changes in the detection rates and virulence genes of the strains.In this study,we analyzed O157:H7 surveillance data from 2001 to 2021 to predict possible transmission risks.

关键词： O157:H7 Xuzhou Canada

Neutralizing peripheral circulating IL1β slows the progression of ALS in a lentivirus-infected OPTN^(E478G)mouse model

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2023年第1期6卷 18-25页

作者： Wen-Bao Hu Xin Wang Zhi-Lin Pang ran duan Chun-Gu Hong Zheng-Zhao Liu Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaChina

Background:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is irreversible and fatal within 3-5 years,with limited options for treatment.It is imperative to develop a symptom-based treatment that may increase the survival of ALS patients and improve their quality of life.Inflammation status,especially elevated interleukin 1β(IL1β),has been reported to play a critical role in ALS progression.Our study determined that neutralizing circulating IL1βslows down the progression of ALS in an ALS mouse model.Methods:The ALS mouse model was developed by microinjection of lentivirus-carrying OPTN^(E478G)(optineurin,a mutation from ALS patients)into the intra-motor cortex of mice.Peripheral circulating IL1βwas neutralized by injecting anti-IL1βan-tibody into the tail vein.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were carried out to determine the protein and gene expression levels of IL1β.TUNEL assay was used to assess the neural cell death.Immunofluorescent staining of MAP2 and CASP3 was accomplished to evaluate neuronal cell apoptosis.Glial fibrillary acidic protein staining was performed to ana-lyze the number of astrocytes.Rotarod test,grip strength test,balance beam test,and footprint test were conducted to assess the locomotive function after anti-IL1βtreatment.Results:The model revealed that neuroinflammation contributes to ALS progression.ALS mice exhibited elevated neuroinflammation and IL1βsecretion.After anti-IL1βtreatment,ALS mice revealed decreased neural cell death and astrogliosis and gained improved muscle strength and motor ability.Conclusions:Blocking IL1βis a promising strategy to slow down the progression of ALS.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis inflammation interleukin 1β neurodegeneration optineurin

BiO_(2-x)Nanosheets with Surface Electron Localizations for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO_(2)Reduction to Formate

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第1期5卷 133-144页

作者： Zhonghao Tan Jianling Zhang Yisen Yang Yufei Sha ran duan Jiajun Zhong Buxing Han Jingyang Hu Yingzhe Zhao Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF) Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190

To enhance the activity and selectivity of electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction to formate is of great importance from both environmental and economical viewpoints.Herein,the BiO_(2-x)nanosheets with surface electron localizations were constructed and utilized for the efficient CO_(2)-to-formate conversion.The formate Faraday efficiency reaches 99.1%with current density of 12 mA cm^(−2)at^(−1).1 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)in an H-type cell while those in the flow cell are 91.3%and 319 mA cm^(−2)at^(−1).0 V versus RHE,respectively.Theoretical calculations indicate that the electron localization presenting in the BiO_(2-x)nanosheet favors OCHO*intermediate stabilization and suppresses H*intermediate adsorption,thus improving the CO_(2)-to-formate efficiency.The BiO_(2-x)electrocatalyst is nondopant,easily prepared,low-cost,highly active and selective for CO_(2)RR to formate,which has demonstrated potential for application in the Zn-CO_(2)battery.The maximum power density can reach 2.33 mW cm^(−2),and the charge/discharge cycling stability is>100 h(300 cycles)at 4.5 mA cm^(−2).

关键词： BiO_(2-x) electron localization CO_(2)electroreduction formate Zn-CO_(2)battery

Identification of Novel Bartonella washoensis Sequence Type 22 in Marmota himalayana-Jiuquan City,Gansu Province,China,2021–2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第20期5卷 442-445,I0001页

作者： ran duan Xiaojin Zheng Qun duan Asaiti Bukai Peng Zhang Shuai Qin Xinmin Lu Dongyue Lyu Haonan Han Dan Zhang Zhaokai He Junrong Liang Deming Tang Jinxiao Xi Huaiqi Jing Xin Wang State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Akesai Kazak Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention JiuquanChina Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention LanzhouChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?The prevalence of rodent-adapted Bartonella species has been increasing significantly.However,the specific Bartonella species carried by Marmota himalayana(M.himalayana),a large rodent species,and the potential risk it poses to human populations remain unknown.What is added by this report?Bartonella washoensis(B.washoensis),associated with human endocarditis,was initially identified in M.himalayana,exhibiting a detection rate of approximately one-third and demonstrating a predilection for the heart and lungs.The discovery of the novel Sequence Type 22 has expanded both the isolation source and genetic lineage of B.washoensis.What are the implications for public health practice?Individuals residing within the M.himalayana plague focus are at an elevated risk for B.washoensis infection.Consequently,there is a pressing need for public health warnings and efficient clinical case identification in this population.

关键词： Barton expanded initially