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From Network Functions to NetApps: The 5GASP Methodology

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4115-4134页

作者： Jorge Gallego-Madrid ramon sanc.ez-iborra Antonio Skarmeta University of Murcia Murcia30100Spain University Center of Defense General Air Force AcademySan Javier30720Spain

As the 5G ecosystem continues its consolidation,the testing and validation of the innovations achieved by integrators and verticals service providers is of preponderant *** this line,5GASP is a European H2020-funded project that aims at easing the idea-to-market process through the creation of an European testbed that is fully automated and self-service,in order to foster rapid development and testing of new and innovative 5G Network Applications(NetApps).The main objective of this paper is to present the 5GASP’s unified methodology to design,develop and onboard NetApps within the scope of different vertical services,letting them use specific 5G ***,we examine the whole 5GASP process in a tutorial fashion by adopting a specific use case focusing on the integration of a virtual On-Board Unit(vOBU)service that permits offloading processing from the attached vehicle and serving data-access *** demonstrated,the presented workflow permits the agile,rigorous,and safe development,testing and certification of NetApps,which will enable valuable in-network services for 5G and beyond infrastructures.

关键词： 5G NetApp 5GASP vOBU

MEC-based architecture for interoperable and trustworthy internet of moving things

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 270-279页

作者： Jesus sanc.ez-Gomez Rafael Marin-Perez ramon sanc.ez-iborra Miguel Angel Zamora Department of Information and Communications Engineering University of MurciaMurciaSpain Odin Solutions S.L. MurciaSpain University Center of Defense San Javier Air Force BaseMurciaSpain

The expansion of the Internet of Moving Things(IoMT)leads to limitless and continuous working playgrounds exploited by highly dynamic end *** requires the adoption of multi-Radio Access Technologies(RATs)-based strategies to provide IoMT units with ubiquitous *** this end,the development of secure bootstrapping and authentication mechanisms is necessary to permit the secure operation of end *** the transmission and power limitations of these elements,current cryptographic solutions do not address these stringent *** that reason,in the study we present a Multi-Access Edge Computing(MEC)-based endto-end architecture that enables an efficient and secure authentication and key agreement between end devices and network servers over heterogeneous resource-limited networks such as the Low Power Wide Area Networks(LPWANs).Our proposal is based on the Authentication,Authorization,and Accounting(AAA)architecture and the recent Internet Engineering Task Force initiatives Static Context Header Compression and Low-Overhead *** results obtained from experimental tests reveal the validity of the proposal as it enables constrained IoMT devices to gain IPv6 connectivity as well as performs end-to-end secure authentication with notable reliability and controlled latency.

关键词： Internet of moving things LPWAN Authentication LO-CoAP-EAP SCHC

TinyML-Based Fall Detection for Connected Personal Mobility Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3869-3885页

作者： ramon sanc.ez-iborra Luis Bernal-Escobedo Jose Santa Antonio Skarmeta University Center of Defense General Air Force AcademySan Javier30720Spain University of Murcia Murcia30100Spain Technical University of Cartagena Cartagena30202Spain

A new wave of electric vehicles for personal mobility is currently crowding public *** offer a sustainable and efficient way of getting around in urban environments,however,these devices bring additional safety issues,including serious accidents for ***,taking advantage of a connected personal mobility vehicle,we present a novel on-device Machine Learning(ML)-based fall detection system that analyzes data captured from a range of sensors integrated on an on-board unit(OBU)*** the typical processing limitations of these elements,we exploit the potential of the TinyML paradigm,which enables embedding powerful ML algorithms in constrained *** have generated and publicly released a large dataset,including real riding measurements and realistically simulated falling events,which has been employed to produce different TinyML *** attained results show the good operation of the system to detect falls efficiently using embedded *** considered algorithms have been successfully tested on mass-market low-power units,implying reduced energy consumption,flash footprints and running times,enabling new possibilities for this kind of vehicles.

关键词： Personal mobility machine learning on-board unit C-ITS IoT

Machine learning-based zero-touch network and service management:a survey

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第2期8卷 105-123页

作者： Jorge Gallego-Madrid ramon sanc.ez-iborra Pedro M.Ruiz Antonio F.Skarmeta Department of Information and Communication Engineering University of Murcia30100MurciaSpain Department of Engineering and Applied Techniques University Center of Defense30729San Javier Air Force BaseSpain

The exponential growth of mobile applications and services during the last years has challenged the existing network ***,the arrival of multiple management solutions to cope with this explosion along the end-to-end network chain has increased the complexity in the coordinated orchestration of different segments composing the whole *** Zero-touch Network and Service Management(ZSM)concept has recently emerged to automatically orchestrate and manage network resources while assuring the Quality of Experience(QoE)demanded by *** Learning(ML)is one of the key enabling technologies that many ZSM frameworks are adopting to bring intelligent decision making to the network management *** paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art application of ML-based techniques to improve ZSM *** this end,the main related standardization activities and the aligned international projects and research efforts are deeply *** this dissection,the skyrocketing growth of the ZSM paradigm can be ***,different standardization bodies have already designed reference architectures to set the foundations of novel automatic network management functions and resource *** with these advances,diverse ML techniques are being currently exploited to build further ZSM developments in different aspects,including multi-tenancy management,traffic monitoring,and architecture coordination,among ***,different challenges,such as the complexity,scalability,and security of ML mechanisms,are also identified,and future research guidelines are provided to accomplish a firm development of the ZSM ecosystem.

关键词： Zero-touch network and service management(ZSM) Next generation networks(NGN) Artificial intelligence(AI) Machine learning(ML)

Occult hepatitis B virus infection:A complex entity with relevant clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1529-1530页

作者： Juan-ramon Larrubia Translational Hepatology Unit Guadalajara University Hospital University of Alcalá

Occult hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection is a world-wide entity,following the geographical distribution of detectable hepatitis *** entity is defined as the persistence of viral genomes in the liver tissue and in some instances also in the serum,associated to negative HBV surface antigen *** molecular basis of the occult infection is related to the life cycle of HBV,which produces a covalently closed circular DNA that persists in the cell nuclei as an episome,and serves as a template for gene *** mechanism responsible for the HBsAg negative status in occult HBV carriers is a strong suppression of viral replication,probably due to the host’s immune response,co-infection with other infectious agents and epigenetic *** is emerging evidence of the potential clinical relevance of occult HBV infection,since this could be involved in occult HBV transmission through orthotopic liver transplant and blood transfusion,reactivation of HBV infection during immunosuppression,impairing chronic liver disease outcome and acting as a risk factor for hepatocellular *** it is important to bear in mind this entity in cryptogenetic liver diseases,hepatitis C virus/ HIV infected patients and immunosupressed *** is also necessary to increase our knowledge in this fascinating field to define better strategies to diagnose and treat this infection.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Occult infection Persistent infection

Reassessing the AMPK-MTORC1 balance in autophagy in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3209-3210页

作者： Marta García-Juan Mario Villa Irene Benito-Cuesta Lara Ordónez-Gutiérrez Francisco Wandosell Centro de Biología Molecular“Severo Ochoa”(CSIC-UAM) Nicolas Cabrera 1Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Fisiología Animal Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Department of Clinical Neuroscience CMM Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset SolnaStockholmSweden Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) MadridSpain

Autophagy is a cellular degradation and recycling system,indispensable for cellular and organ development,homeostasis,and *** cellular process is evolutionarily highly conserved to quality control of many proteins and dysfunctional organelles,which finally recycle components as amino *** process is effective during normal physiology as part of anabolism and plays an additional important role during starvation(Dikic and Elazar,2018).Different types of autophagy have been chara cterized based on their dynamic,mechanism of action,target substrates,and protein *** of them are macroautophagy(hereafter called"autophagy"),microa utophagy,and chape rone-media ted autophagy(Fleming et al.,2022).

关键词： homeostasis system hereafter

Rifaximin,but not growth factor 1,reduces brain edema in cirrhotic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第17期18卷 2084-2091页

作者： Gemmaòdena Mireia Miquel Anna Serafín Amparo Galan Rosa Morillas ramon Planas ramon Bartolí Hepatology Unit Department of GastroenterologyGermans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute08916 BadalonaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) 08036 BarcelonaSpain Department of Gastroenterology CorporacióSanitària Parc Taulí08208 SabadellSpain Platform of Laboratory Animal Applied Research Parc Científic de Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol08916 BadalonaSpain Liver Unit Department of GastroenterologyHospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol08916 BadalonaSpain

AIM:To compare rifaximin and insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-1 treatment of hyperammonemia and brain edema in cirrhotic rats with portal ***:Rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis with ascites plus portal vein occlusion and controls were randomized into six groups:Cirrhosis;Cirrhosis + IGF-1;Cirrhosis + rifaximin;Controls;Controls + IGF-1;and Controls + *** oral glutamine-challenge test was performed,and plasma and cerebral ammonia,glucose,bilirubin,transaminases,endotoxemia,brain water content and ileocecal cultures were measured and liver histology was ***:Rifaximin treatment significantly reduced bacterial overgrowth and endotoxemia compared with cirrhosis groups,and improved some liver function parameters(bilirubin,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase).These effects were associated with a significant reduction in cerebral water *** and cerebral ammonia levels,and area-underthe-curve values for oral glutamine-challenge tests were similar in rifaximin-treated cirrhotic rats and control group *** contrast,IGF-1 administration failed to improve most alterations observed in ***:By reducing gut bacterial overgrowth,only rifaximin was capable of normalizing plasma and brain ammonia and thereby abolishing low-grade brain edema,alterations associated with hepatic encephalopathy.

关键词： Hyperammonemia Low-grade brain edema Hepatic encephalopathy Rifaximin Insulin-like growth factor 1 Cirrhosis

A Sufficient Degree Condition for a Graph to Contain All Trees of Size k

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第1期27卷 135-140页

作者： Camino BALBUENA Alberto MARQUez Jose ramon PORTILLO Departament de Matemhtica Aplicada III Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya C/ Jordi Girona 1-3 (Edifici C2 Despatx 302) 08034 Barcelona Spain Departamento de Matemdtica Aplicada I Universidad de SeviUaE.T.S. de Informdtica Avda. Reina Mercedes s//n 41012 SeviUa Spain

The Erdos-Sos conjecture says that a graph G on n vertices and number of edges e（G）〉 n（k - 1）/2 contains all trees of size k. In this paper we prove a sufficient condition for a graph to contain every tree of size k formulated in terms of the minimum edge degree ξ（G） of a graph G defined as {（G） = min{d（u）＋ d（v） - 2 ： uv ∈ E（G）}. More precisely, we show that a connected graph G with maximum degree △（G） ≥ k and minimum edge degree {（G）〉 2k - 4 contains every tree of k edges if dG（x）＋ dG（y） ≥ 2k - 4 for all pairs x, y of nonadjacent neighbors of a vertex u of dG（u） ≥ k.

关键词： Erdos-Sos conjecture

Some Comments on Zonal Polynomials and Their Expected Values with respect to ***

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2017年第3期33卷 567-574页

作者： Jose A.Diaz-Garcia ramon Gutierrez-Jaimez Department of Statistics and Computation Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro25350 BuenavistaSaltilloCoahuilaMexico Department of Statistics and O.R University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain

In this paper, we give alternative proofs of some results in [15] （Li R.,1997） about the expected value of zonal polynomials.

关键词： elliptical matrix distributions random matrices zonal polynomials generalised Wishart distribution