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Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in wild and farmed Chilean salmon and preliminary flow data for commercial transport

维普期刊数据库评论

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 221-227页

作者： Monica Montory Evelyn Habit Pilar Fernandez Joan O.grimalt Ricardo Barra Aquatic Systems Research Unit EULA-Chile Environmental Sciences CentreUniversity of Concepción Center for Ecosystems Research in Patagonia(CIEP) Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research(IDAEA)

This pilot study documented the occurrence and levels of brominated flame retardants in the tissues of farmed and wild salmon in southern *** of Coho salmon and rainbow trout were obtained from fish farms,rivers and lakes in the Patagonia in Aysen Region,*** samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Negative Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the different polybrominated diphenyl ether（PBDE） *** were observed in all the samples,and the congeners BDE 17,28,47 and 66 were observed in all both farmed and wild *** concentrations were higher in the farmed Coho salmon,presenting significant differences with wild *** levels reached 182 pg/g wet weight（ww） vs.120 *** the case of the rainbow trout,the concentrations were lower,although the congener profile was quite *** levels reached an average of 100 pg/g ww in the farmed fish versus 110 pg/g ww in wild fish,and no significant difference was observed between the *** both species,the congener with the highest concentration was BDE *** on this information,the BDE ？ow was estimated for commerce,which is a form of pollutant transport not usually considered in POP pollution studies.A preliminary estimation indicated that the quantity of PBDEs mobilized by commerce was in the order of kg,and in the case of Chile might reach almost 1 kg.

关键词： Polybrominated diphenyl ethers farmed Salmon Chile POPs Patagonia

An evaluation of mass,number concentration,chemical composition and types of particles in a cafeteria before and after the passage of an antismoking law

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Particuology 2013年第5期11卷 527-532页

作者： Jorge Pey Barend L.van Drooge Anna Ripollb Teresa Moreno Joan O.grimalt Xavier Querol Andres Alastuey Department of Epidemiology Lazio Regionvia S.Costanza5300198 RomeItaly Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research.ID/EA-CSIC C/Jordi Girona.18-2608034 BarcelonaSpain

This study assessed air quality indicators before and after enactment of the Spanish anti-smoking law. Mass and number concentrations and the chemical composition of particles were evaluated. Microscopy analyses were also conducted. Real time concentrations of PMlo, PM2.s, PM1 and ultrafine particles were measured under ventilated and non-ventilated conditions and PMlo samples were collected for detailed inorganic and organic chemical characterization. Before enactment of the law in 2010, tobacco smoke produced significant indoor ambient particulate matter pollution, with elevated particulate matter mass concentrations （PM10 and PM1 concentrations of 122-220 and 48-85 Dg/m3, respectively） and ultrafine particle numbers （75,000 and 48,000 cm ~ under ventilated and non-ventilated conditions, respectively）. Typical tobacco smoke tracers including iso- and anteiso-alkanes and elements including La and Ce from the ignition of lighters were abundant. Additionally, several toxic substances derived from tobacco smoke, including Cd （3.1 ng/m3） and benzo[a]pyrene （1.0 ng/m3） were present at concentrations approximately 10 times greater than those measured after enactment of the anti-smoking law. The anti-smoking law sig- nificantly reduced exposure to potentially toxic compounds by approximately 90%. This law is expected to have a positive health impact, particularly for people who spend considerable time in affected envi- ronments, such as employees.

关键词： Indoor airParticulate matterUltrafine particlesNucleationCoagulation-condensationEnvironmental tobacco smoke

Gene expression changes in blood RNA after swimming in a chlorinated pool

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 250-261页

作者： Lucas A.Salas Laia Font-Ribera Mariona Bustamante Lauro Sumoy Joan O.grimalt Sarah Bonnin Maria Aguilar Heidi Mattlin Manuela Hummel Anna Ferrer Manolis Kogevinas Cristina M.Villanueva ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology(CREAL)Barcelona Spain Department of Epiderniology The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH USA Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain CIBER Epiclemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) Barcelona Spain Genomics and Disease Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Genomics Core Facility Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC) Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP) Can Ruti Campus Badalona Spain Department of Environmental Chemistry Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (CSIC) Barcelona Spain

Exposure to disinfection by-products（DBP） such as trihalomethanes（THM） in swimming pools has been linked to adverse health effects in humans, but their biological mechanisms are unclear. We evaluated short-term changes in blood gene expression of adult recreational swimmers after swimming in a chlorinated pool. Volunteers swam 40 min in an indoor chlorinated pool. Blood samples were drawn and four THM（chloroform,bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform） were measured in exhaled breath before and after swimming. Intensity of physical activity was measured as metabolic equivalents（METs）. Gene expression in whole blood m RNA was evaluated using Illumina Human HT-12v3 Expression-Bead Chip. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the relationship between gene expression changes and THM exposure. Thirty-seven before-after pairs were analyzed. The median increase from baseline to after swimming were： 0.7 to 2.3 for MET, and 1.4 to 7.1 μg/m^3 for exhaled total THM（sum of the four THM）.Exhaled THM increased on average 0.94 μg/m^3 per 1 MET. While 1643 probes were differentially expressed post-exposure. Of them, 189 were also associated with exhaled levels of individual/total THM or MET after False Discovery Rate. The observed associations with the exhaled THM were low to moderate（Log-fold change range：-0.17 to 0.15）. In conclusion, we identified short-term gene expression changes associated with swimming in a pool that were minor in magnitude and their biological meaning was unspecific. The high collinearity between exhaled THM levels and intensity of physical activity precluded mutually adjusted models with both covariates. These exploratory results should be validated in future studies.

关键词： Trihalomethanes Disinfection by-products Gene expression Swimming pools Metabolic rate

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孕期体重增加与新生儿持久性有机污染物暴露

环境与职业医学 2014年第12期31卷 956-956页

作者： Esther Vizcaino Joan O.grimalt Berit Glomstad Ana Fernández-Somoano Adonina Tardón

[背景]胎儿发育期间持久性有机污染物(POPs)暴露可以增加儿童期不良健康影响的风险。产妇的特征和妊娠期间的生理变化,例如孕期体重增加(GWG),可能对新生儿的POPs总负荷有一定影响。然而,尚无研究充分阐明GWG与POPs浓度之间的关联。[目... 详细信息

[背景]胎儿发育期间持久性有机污染物(POPs)暴露可以增加儿童期不良健康影响的风险。产妇的特征和妊娠期间的生理变化,例如孕期体重增加(GWG),可能对新生儿的POPs总负荷有一定影响。然而,尚无研究充分阐明GWG与POPs浓度之间的关联。[目的]校正孕前母体的体质指数(BMI)和其他影响POPs转移进入新生儿体内的潜在决定因素之后,研究GWG与脐带血清POPs浓度之间的关联。参考美国医学研究所(IOM)的指南对妊娠妇女进行分组,并估算GWG值。[方法]测定一个西班牙出生队列中325份脐带血清样本中14种有机氯杀虫剂、7种多氯联苯(PCBs)和14种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的水平。采用多变量模型估算GWG、孕前BMI和其他产妇的决定性因素与脐带血清POPs浓度的关联。[结果]在校正了年龄、孕前BMI、受教育程度以及鱼类消费等因素后,新生儿的POPs浓度与GWG呈负性相关。平均而言,与GWG不足的母亲所生的新生儿相比,符合IOM建议的GWG妇女所生的新生儿具有较低的POPs浓度。[结论]目前的研究结果提示新生儿POPs暴露与怀孕期间GWG不足之间存在关联。鼓励怀孕妇女达到IOM指南推荐的GWG,可能会降低POPs在新生儿中的蓄积。

关键词：持久性有机污染物孕期体重增加新生儿 POPs 脐带血清有机氯杀虫剂妊娠妇女医学研究所

暂时性的新生儿脱发:一种常见的暂时性新生儿皮肤病

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第A3期2卷 53-53页

作者： Cutrone M. grimalt R. 虎小毅 Department of Dermatology Hospital Clinic University of Barcelona Villarroel 170 08036 Barcelona Spain

For many years the aetiology of neonatal occipital alopecia (NOA) has been reported to be friction. We have made a retrospective check to see if the incidence of NOA has increased since the new paediatric tendencies of putting children back to sleep in the safest way have been used (APP guidelines). The results of this study in 301 neonates demonstrated that it has not. The aetiology of this phenomenon is the physiological shedding of hair in the first weeks of life. The pillow, which is often blamed, only aids this shedding. Parents should be informed that there is no relationship between the sleep position and the onset of this problem, to prevent them from changing the position of the sleeping child, which could lead to a fatal outcome.

关键词：自然脱落病因学枕部