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Seasonal variations and health risk assessment of trace elements in the Badigad River,lesser Himalayas,Nepal

Acta Geochimica 2023年第4期42卷 689-703页

作者： ramesh raj pant Kiran Bishwakarma Kshitiz Kandel Sudip Poudel Jharana Nepal Bhanu Bhakta Neupane Virendra Bahadur Singh Central Department of Environmental Science Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Central Department of Chemistry Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal Department of Environmental Studies Ram Lal Anand CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110021India

The consumption of contaminated river water can have severe effects on human *** study aims to investigate the trace elements(TEs)content and their health risk assessment in the Badigad River Basin in the lesser Himalayas of *** total,44 water samples were collected from 22 different sites during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons,and 25 TEs were *** matrix and principal component analysis(PCA)were used to analyze the potential relationship between the measured TEs and their source ***,the water quality index(WQI),metal index(MI),and cancer index(CI)were *** TEs content in all samples were found to be within the WHO recommended guideline for drinking and domestic *** dominancy order of the TEs was observed as Sr>Ba>Li>Rb>Zn>Cr>Sc>Mn>Ti>Cu>As>Ni>Co>U>V>Pb>Cs>Ga>Y>Tl>Th>Zr>Bi>Cd>*** PCA analysis suggested that TEs could have natural,anthropogenic,and mixed *** WQI indicated that the river water is safe from a human health *** MI suggested that Badigad River can be considered safer for drinking purposes,and the cancer index(CI)showed that all the reported TEs are at low-risk *** findings of this study could be useful for government agencies in developing more sustainable water management policies in the ***,it is suggested that further investigations should be conducted in terms of other hydrogeochemical variables,including major ions,at spatiotemporal levels for the sustainability of the river basin.

关键词： Trace elements Water quality Health risk assessment Multivariate analysis Badigad River

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Signature of the 27-day variation in hemispheric sunspot activity and asymmetry during 2010-2015

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第4期21卷 331-340页

作者： Prithvi raj Singh Ahmad Islam Saad Farid Tarun Kumar pant Abhay Kumar Singh Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India Physics and Chemistry Department Faculty of EducationAlexandria UniversityAlexandria-21526Egypt Space Physics Laboratory VSSCThiruvananthapuram-695022India

In the present work,we study the time evolution,significance of the N-S asymmetry excesses presented as a function of the solar cycle and prominent rotational periods(~27 d)separately for the northern and southern *** have investigated short-term variations of the hemispheric solar activity(sunspot numbers and sunspot areas)during the time period 2010-2015,which covers the ascending and the maximum phase of solar cycle *** have implemented the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and continuous wavelet transform power spectrum techniques to study the time evolution and dominant rotational periods separately for the northern and southern hemispheres,and whole solar *** results showed that the northern hemisphere exhibited longer solar synodic periods than the southern hemisphere,indicating that the northern hemisphere has a lower rotation ***,the northern hemisphere was found to be dominant before transferring to the southern hemisphere during ***,the sunspot areas clearly demonstrated a two-peak structure of solar activity in the northern and southern hemispheres respectively during 2012 and *** statistical significance of the southern hemisphere affirmed enhanced excess during the maximum phase of solar cycle 24.

关键词： Sunspots Sunspot Area Asymmetry Solar Cycle

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In vitro germination and propagation of a threatened medicinal orchid,Cymbidium aloifolium(L.) *** artificial seed

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第12期4卷 971-976页

作者： Shreeti Pradhan Babulal Tiruwa Bijay raj Subedee Bijaya pant Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry Laboratory Central Department of BotanyTribhuvan University

Objective:To study the in vitro germination and plantlet regeneration from artificial seeds of Cymbidium aloifolium(***),a highly threatened medicinal orchid of ***:Artificial seeds were produced in vitro by encapsulation of protocorms with 4%sodium alginate and 0.2 mol/L calcium chloride *** vitro germination and plantlet regeneration of the artificial seeds were tested by culturing them on different strength of Murashige and Skoog(MS) liquid media(0.25,0.5 and 1.0) and MS liquid medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L benzyl amino purine and 0.5 mg/L naphthalene acetic *** produced artificial seeds were stored up to 28 d at 4 ℃.In order to check the viability,storage artificial seeds were treated with five different sterilization techniques(T_1 T_2,T_3 T_4,T_5) and inoculated on full strength(1.0) of MS liquid medium after each 7 d of interval upto28 th ***:The highest percentage of germination(100%) of artificial seed was obtained on quarter(0.25),half(0.5) and full(1.0) strength of MS liquid ***,full strength of MS liquid medium was more effective for earlier seedling development of *** seeds were successfully stored at 4 ℃ till 28 th *** T_1 and T_2showed 97.5%viability of storage artificial seeds and hence considered as the most effective sterilization techniques to recover the plant from storage artificial *** developed from artificial seeds were successfully acclimatized in potting mixture containing cocopeat,litter and sphagnum moss with 85%survival ***:The present study revealed that artificial seeds are the good alternative explants for in vitro mass propagation and short term conservation of ***.

关键词： Media Propagation Protocorms Encapsulation Artificial seed

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Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Education from Social Disciplinary Theoretical Perspectives

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第1期13卷 41-83页

作者： Yagya raj pant School of Health New Zealand School of Education Auckland New Zealand

Disaster is a social phenomenon. The occurrence and impacts of disasters including the education sector can be studied through a social problem lens. This paper draws meaning and understanding of DRR education using the sociological disciplinary framework in a detailed qualitative case study of three schools as they responded to the devastating Gorakha earthquake in 2015 and other disasters in Nepal. This paper considers the three sub-disciplines of sociology: the sociology of disaster, the sociology of education and the sociology of education governance in a development context. These sub-disciplines are nested together to analyse social, political and historical factors and their relationships which are helpful to identify risks and vulnerabilities in the education sector in Nepal. These are the major areas to explore the disaster context and needs of context-specific education acts (hereafter DRR education) to minimise the potential risks of disasters. The article concludes that the social disciplinary framework is significantly useful to analyse DRR education provisions and implications of education governance to mobilise school in disaster preparedness, response and recovery.

关键词： Sociology of Disaster Social Vulnerability Disaster Governance Education Governance Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Education Pluri-Scalar Education Governance

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Preparing Youth for Disasters: The Need for a Contextualised Disaster Risk Reduction Curriculum in Schools

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第4期13卷 183-217页

作者： Yagya raj pant New Zealand School of Education Auckland New Zealand

This study draws from detailed qualitative case studies of three schools that practise disaster risk reduction (DRR) education initiatives in their curriculum in Nepal. Using curriculum mapping and discourse analysis, it aims to elaborate the significance of relevant disaster risk reduction (DRR) content in school curriculum to prepare youths for disaster response and recovery. It elaborates the nature of the current DRR content covered in curricula and textbooks and provides suggestions to address the identified disaster-related issues in the school curriculum. It further elaborates that incorporation of local and contextualised DRR content in school curricula contributes to the establishment of the “culture of resilience” in disaster prone context like Nepal. It concludes that more organised and holistic approach is essential to develop disaster and management knowledge, skills and attitudes to youths.

关键词： Disaster Risk Reduction Curriculum Disaster Prevention Disaster Mitigation Disaster Response Disaster Recovery

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Participation in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Education: Analysing the Practices, Issues and Challenges

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2023年第4期12卷 198-222页

作者： Yagya raj pant New Zealand School of Education Auckland New Zealand

This article draws from detailed qualitative case studies of three schools as they responded to the devastating Gorakha earthquake in 2015 and other disasters in Nepal. Using Arnstein’s [1] ladder of participation, it explores nature and importance of participation to address the local disaster context. Along with Robertson et al.’s [2] pluri-scalar education governance framework, it also discusses the current forms of participation from various stakeholders specifically within the education system. The article analyses the reasons for stakeholders’ participation in DRR initiatives. It also explains the purpose of the participation, challenges of participation in DRR education, and highlights some key messages around what the study’s data says about participation in DRR education. The article concludes with the idea that curriculum participation is a crucial element to mobilise schools for their disaster preparedness, response and recovery journeys.

关键词： DRR Education Education Governance Participation Ownership

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Wheat Varietal Investigation for the Hill Region of Nepal

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2020年第2期2卷 37-42页

作者： Deepak Pandey Nutan raj Gautam Khem raj pant Dhruba Bahadur Thapa National Wheat Research Program BhairahawaRupandehi Agriculture Botany Division KhumaltarLalitpur

Multilocation testing of the Coordinated Varietal Trial for Mid-hill and High Hill(CVT-MHH)of wheat genotypes were conducted at different hill research stations of Nepal Agricultural Research Council(NARC)during the normal planting season of 2012-13 and *** genotypes including two check varieties were included in Randomized Complete Block(RCB)design with three replications in the *** on the different yield attributing traits were *** significant difference(p<0.01)among the genotypes for the days to heading,days to maturity,plant height,thousand grain weight and grain yield was observed in *** genotype BL 4061 had the highest grain yield with 3802 kg/ha followed by NL 1153(3736 kg/ha),NL 1159(3733 kg/ha),NL 1154(3674 kg/ha)and NL 1156(3462 kg/ha).In 2013-14 also a highly significant difference among the genotypes for all the recorded traits was observed and these genotypes were stable for the yield and yield attributing *** most promising genotype for the grain yield was NL 1153(5816 kg/ha)followed by NL 1178(5760 kg/ha),NL 1156(5454 kg/ha),NL 1159(5259 kg/ha)and NL 1179(5075 kg/ha).From the yield and other yield attributing trait wheat genotypes NL 1055,NL 1153,NL 1159,NL 1156 and NL 1179 need to be tested under farmers’field for further confirmation and release as variety.

关键词： Genotypes Productivity Trait Wheat Grain yield

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循环经济和废物管理视角下的社区发展战略：高能效社区的废物变能源概念以尼泊尔马哈拉西米市为例

循环经济和废物管理视角下的社区发展战略：高能效社区的废物变能...

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作者： Hitesh raj pant（王龙）天津大学

学位级别：硕士

城市垃圾的产生是人类活动和发展的必然结果。同时,它的数量也随着人口、工业化和城市化的增加而不断上升。2016年,全球的城市产生了约2.01亿吨的固体垃圾,并预计在2050年增加到3.4亿吨。因此,资源回收与废物最小量化是全球范围内可持... 详细信息

城市垃圾的产生是人类活动和发展的必然结果。同时,它的数量也随着人口、工业化和城市化的增加而不断上升。2016年,全球的城市产生了约2.01亿吨的固体垃圾,并预计在2050年增加到3.4亿吨。因此,资源回收与废物最小量化是全球范围内可持续管理废物的循环经济理念之一。尼泊尔是十大快速城市化的国家之一。随着城市化速度的加快,能源的消耗和垃圾的产生也在增加。尼泊尔已经面临垃圾管理和稳定能源供应问题的困难。因此,有必要从地方层面整合废物转化成能源的概念。能量转换的技术有直接燃烧、热电偶化学过程、物理化学过程和生物化学过程。热处理比生物处理相对昂贵,而且像尼泊尔这种低收入国家垃圾的有机物含量高,热处理效率甚至更低,所以不适合在当地应用。因此,好氧堆肥和厌氧消化处理的生化处理方式是比较可行和适宜的。由于马哈拉西米市的有机垃圾占主要部分,沼气发电可以减少倾倒在垃圾填埋场的垃圾,并为市政府带来收入。本研究试图从不同的角度探讨废物管理,并结合技术提出可行的解决方案。基于固体废物的发展前景,提出循环城市固体废物管理框架,将有助于提升社区的清洁能力和安全指数,并提高废物资源再利用的效率。该框架已从市政方面、地方方面和整体角度出发,在马哈拉西米市结合废物管理解决方案进行了讨论。最终,本研究的解决方案可以为马哈拉西米市的废物处理提供理论依据,也可以作为其他地区管理的一个范例和参考。

关键词：综合固体废物管理循环经济废物能源技术小社区循环框架

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Efficient Plant Regeneration of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw., a Threatened Orchid of Nepal through Artificial Seed Technology

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第14期7卷 1964-1974页

作者： Shreeti Pradhan Babu Lal Tiruwa Bijay raj Subedee Bijaya pant Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry Laboratory Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal

Artificial seed technology is a method of considerable potential for mass propagation and conservation of rare, endangered and threatened species. In the present investigation, artificial seeds were obtained through encapsulation of three weeks old protocorm (3.0 ± 1.0 mm diameter) of Cymbidium aloifolium with calcium alginate. Artificial seeds were cultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Knudson (Kn C) medium at different strength (×1.0, 0.5, 0.25) and full strength (1.0) of both media supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Full strength of MS medium without plant growth regulators was found to be the most favourable condition for efficient plantlet regeneration of C. aloifolium (9.83 shoot and 2.66 roots per culture). The storage potential of artificial seed was tested at 4°C and room temperature (RT, 21°C ± 2°C) for up to 90 days on both media and found 83.33% viability at 4°C storage on MS media. Eighty five percent of plantlets regenerated from artificial seeds culture were successfully hardened in a potting mixture of cocopeat, clay and sphagnum moss (2:1:1). Hence, the methodology can be used for propagation and conservation of C. aloifolium through artificial seed system.

关键词： Artificial Seed Protocorms In Vitro Germination Encapsulation Media

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Change in Energy of Non-Spinning Black Holes w.r.t. the Change in Mass

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第1期3卷 49-56页

作者： Dipo Mahto Rama Nand Mehta Neeraj pant raj Kumar Sah Department of Mathematics N. D. A. Khadakwasala Pune India Department of Physics Marwari College T. M. B. U. Bhagalpur India Department of Physics S. S. V. College Kahalgaon T. M. B. U. Bhagalpur India University Department of Mathematics T. M. B. U. Bhagalpur India

The present work discusses the derivation of the formula for the change in energy of non-spinning black holes with respect to the change in mass (dE/dM), which gives a constant quantity equal to 8.9998 x 1016 Joule/kg in both categories of X-ray binaries (XRBs) and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). This formula can be used to justify the life time of black hole given by Γ = 2.098(M/Mο)3 x 1067 years as proposed by Stephen Hawking, where M and Mο are the mass of the black hole and the sun respectively. The authors also calculate the change in energy and mass of non-spinning black holes with respect to the change in the radius of event horizon as well as (dE/dM) for different test non-spinning black holes in X-ray binaries (XRBs) and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN).

关键词： Life Time XRBs AGN Energy

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