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Colon cancer and the epidermal growth factor receptor:Current treatment paradigms,the importance of diet,and the role of chemoprevention

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World journal of Clinical Oncology 2015年第5期6卷 133-141页

作者： Baldeep Pabla Marc Bissonnette Vani j Konda Center of Endoscopic Research and Therapeutics Section of Gastro- enterologyDepartment of MedicineKnapp Center for Biomedical Discoverythe University of Chicago Medicine

Colorectal cancer represents the third most common and the second deadliest type of cancer for both men and women in the United States claiming over 50000 lives in 2014. The 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with metastatic colon and rectal cancer is < 15%. Early detection and more effective treatments are urgently needed to reduce morbidity and mortality of patients afflicted with this disease. Here we will review the risk factors and current treatment paradigms for colorectal cancer, with an emphasis on the role of chemoprevention as they relate to epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) blockade. We will discuss how various EGFR ligands are upregulated in the presence of Western diets high in saturated and N-6 polyunsaturated fats. We will also outline the various mechanisms of EGFR inhibition that are induced by naturally occurring chemopreventative agents such as ginseng, green tea, and curcumin. Finally, we will discuss the current role of targeted chemotherapy in colon cancer and outline the limitations of our current treatment options, describing mechanisms of resistance and escape.

关键词： Chemoprevention Colon cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor Western diet Curcumin Green tea Ginseng

Low-quality Trials as a Source of Heterogeneity in the Association of Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 or 0.42 with Excess Mortality in Sepsis

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Chinese Medical journal 2016年第1期129卷 116-117页

作者： Christian j Wiedermann Department of Internal Medicine Central Hospital of Bolzano/Bozen Bolzano/Bozen (BZ) Italy

To the Editor： In their meta-analysis, Ma et al. aimed to determine the association of mortality with hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 or 0.42 （HES） with HES dose and daily fluid balance in sepsis patients. Sensitivity tests were performed to analyze reasons for heterogeneity in mortality data. These tests focused on ＂risk of bias.＂

关键词： Meta分析 Meta分析(主题) 敏感性与特异性内皮缩血管肽类脓毒症人口特征水电解质平衡羟乙基淀粉衍生物

Modern concepts of soil conservation

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第1期1卷 19-23页

作者： j.Dumanski R.Peiretti 不详 Independent researcher and International Technical Prospection Representative of AAPRESID(Argentinean No Till Farmers Association) Belgrano 14342189 Cruz AltaArgentina

Approaches to soil conservation are in constant evolution and *** paper summarizes some of the modern approaches,ranging from no till to conservation agriculture to sustainable land *** approaches are not separate,but components of a continuum of conservation approaches applicable at different levels and different *** tillage is important at the detailed,farm level,while CA and SLM are important at the farming systems and corporate *** successes achieved with no till in Argentina(also Brazil,Paraguay,Uruguay,Mexico,Canada,Australia,and others)illustrate how these concepts relate to each other.

关键词： Soil conservation No till Conservation agriculture Sustainable land management Ecosystem goods and services

Classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy and chronic wasting disease:two sides of the prion coin

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Animal Diseases 2024年第1期4卷 1-18页

作者： Nicholas j.Haley juergen A.Richt Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of Graduate StudiesMidwestern UniversityGlendaleAZUSA Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKSUSA

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies(TSEs)are a group of progressive and ultimately fatal neurologic diseases of man and animals,all resulting from the propagated misfolding of the host's normal cellular prion *** diseases can be spontaneous,heritable,anthropogenic/iatrogenic,or in some cases horizontally transmissible,and include such notable TSEs as bovine spongiform encephalopathy(BSE)of cattle and chronic wasting disease(CWD)of *** they are both unequivocally protein misfolding disorders,they differ markedly in their pathogenesis,transmissibility,and zoonotic *** the BSE epidemic has largely abated over the past three decades following global feed bans on ruminant meat and bone meal,CWD,which is readily transmitted through various forms of excreta,has rapidly expanded from its original endemic zone to encompass much of North America,along with recently identified foci in *** importantly,although the classical form of BSE has proven transmissible to humans consuming contaminated beef or beef products,so far there have been no conclusive reports on the zoonotic transmission of cWD to *** underlying basis for these differences-whether host or agent directed-are not well understood,though may be due to inherent differences in the three-dimensional structure of the misfolded BSE or CWD prion proteins or the expression levels and tissue distribution of respective cellular prion *** the uncontrolled geographic spread of CWD,it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the factors governing prion disease pathogenesis,transmission,and zoonotic potential.

关键词： Prion Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Chronic Wasting Disease Transmission Pathogenesis Zoonosis

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Open lung in ARDS

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2003年第12期 130-133页

作者： jack j HAITSMA,Robert A LACHMANN,Burkhard LACHMANN Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands

Every year, millions of patients worldwide receive ventilator support during surgery. Mechanical ventilation has become an important therapy in the treatment of patients with impaired pulmonary function and particularly in patients suffering from adult respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. ARDS is caused by multiple factors and is characterized by respiratory dysfunction including hypoxemia and decreased lung compliance. It is known that the decrease in lung distensibility is due to a disturbed surfactant system with an elevated surface tension. This increase in surface tension leads to an increase in forces acting at the air-liquid interface, resulting finally in endexpiratory collapse, atelectasis, an increase in right-to-left shunt and a decrease in PaO2.

关键词： lung it on or as ARDS Open lung in ARDS in

Structural geometry of orogenic gold deposits： Implications for exploration of world-class and giant deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1163-1177页

作者： David I.Groves M.Santosh Richard j.Goldfarb Liang Zhang Orebusters Pty Ltd Gwelup 6018 Western Australia Australia State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration Dept. of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Division of Interdisciplinary Science Faculty of Science Kochi University Kochi 780-8520 Japan

With very few exceptions, orogenic gold deposits formed in subduction-related tectonic settings in accretionary to collisional orogenic belts from Archean to Tertiary times. Their genesis, including metal and fluid source, fluid pathways, depositional mechanisms, and timing relative to regional structural and metamorphic events, continues to be controversial. However, there is now general agreement that these deposits formed from metamorphic fluids, either from metamorphism of intra-basinal rock sequences or de-volatilization of a subducted sediment wedge, during a change from a compressional to transpressional, less commonly transtensional, stress regime, prior to orogenic collapse. In the case of Archean and Paleoproterozoic deposits, the formation of orogenic gold deposits was one of the last events prior to cratonization. The late timing of orogenic gold deposits within the structural evolution of the host orogen implies that any earlier structures may be mineralized and that the current structural geometry of the gold deposits is equivalent to that at the time of their formation provided that there has been no significant post-gold orogenic overprint. Within the host volcano-sedimentary sequences at the province scale, world-class orogenic gold deposits are most commonly located in second-order structures adjacent to crustal scale faults and shear zones, representing the first-order ore-forming fluid pathways, and whose deep lithospheric connection is marked by lamprophyre intrusions which, however, have no direct genetic association with gold deposition. More specifically, the gold deposits are located adjacent to ～10°-25° district-scale jogs in these crustal-scale faults. These jogs are commonly the site of arrays of ～70° cross faults that accommodate the bending of the more rigid components, for example volcanic rocks and intrusive sills, of the host belts. Rotation of blocks between these accommodation faults causes failure of more competent units and/or re

关键词： Structural geometry Tectonic history Fluid pathways Orogenic gold deposits Exploration criteria

An underlying geometrical manifold for Hamiltonian mechanics

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Frontiers of physics 2017年第1期12卷 123-131页

作者： L. P. Horwitz A. Yahalom j. Levitan M. Lewkowicz School of Physics Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv 69978 Israel Department of Physics Bar llan University Ramat Gan 52900 Israel Department of Physics Ariel University Ariel 40700 Israel Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ariel University Ariel 40700 Israel

We show that there exists an underlying manifold with a conformal metric and compatible connection form, and a metric type Hamiltonian （which we call the geometrical picture）, that can be put into correspondence with the usual Hamilton-Lagrange mechanics. The requirement of dynamical equiva- lence of the two types of Hamiltonians, that the momenta generated by the two pictures be equal for all times, is sufficient to determine an expansion of the conformal factor, defined on the geometrical coordinate representation, in its domain of analyticity with coefficients to all orders determined by functions of the potential of the Hamiltonian-Lagrange picture, defined on the Hamilton-Lagrange coordinate representation, and its derivatives. Conversely, if the conformal function is known, the potential of a Hamilton-Lagrange picture can be determined in a similar way. We show that arbi- trary local variations of the orbits in the Hamilton-Lagrange picture can be generated by variations along geodesics in the geometrical picture and establish a correspondence which provides a basis for understanding how the instability in the geometrical picture is manifested in the instability of the the original Hamiltonian motion.

关键词： geometrical Hamiltonian stability analysis coordinate mapping Riemann-Euclidean Hamiltonian equivalence

Effect of Varying Carbon Content and Shot Peening upon Fatigue Performance of Prealloyed Sintered Steels

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第5期25卷 607-610页

作者： R.Bidulsky M.Actis-Grande M.Kabtov j.Bidulsk Politecnico Torino Alessandria CampusV.T.Michel5Alessandria 15000Italy Institute of Materials Research SASWatsonova 47Koice04011Slovakia Technical University of Koice Faculty of MetallurgyLetn9Koice 04200Slovakia

The aim of the work was to find out how the modification of surface treatment and microstructures affect the fatigue characteristics of the considered sintered materials. Two different systems were prepared： as-sintered and shot peened prealloyed sintered （Astaloy CrL based） steels with addition of 0.5% and 0.7% C. Sintering was carried out in laboratory tube furnace in an atmosphere of pure gases 75%N2＋25%H2. The sintering temperature was 1180℃ and sintering time was 60 min. Heating and cooling rates were 10℃/min. Fatigue tests were carried out in symmetric plane bending at stress ratio R=-1 with frequency of about 24 Hz. The presented experimental results showed that prealloyed water-atomised steels, with surface modification, exhibit positive effects on the fatigue failure resistance, and for that reason are suitable for high-performance applications.

关键词： Sintered steels Shot peening Fatigue strength S-N curves

Contribution to the Cladonia mycota of Greece,including Cladonia graeca ***

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菌物学报 2011年第6期30卷 877-880页

作者： Harrie j.M.SIPMAN Teuvo AHTI Botanischer Garten & Botanisches Museum Freie Universitaet BerlinKoenigin-Luise-Str.6-8Berlin D-14195Germany Botanical Museum Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 7FI-00014 University of HelsinkiFinland

From mid-elevation pine forest on the Aegean Sea island of Thasos 8 additional Cladonia species for the lichen mycota of Greece are *** have a wide distribution in Europe and reach their southern limit in *** schistose rock in the same area and on Evvia a new species is described,Cladonia graeca,which is probably related to *** and *** but contains fumarprotocetraric acid instead of psoromic or perlatolic acid.

关键词： TLC 显微镜观察菌物学