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Reversible Video Steganography Using Quick Response Codes and Modified ElGamal Cryptosystem

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3349-3368页

作者： ramadhan j.mstafa Department of Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoDuhok42002Kurdistan RegionIraq Department of Computer Science College of ScienceNawroz UniversityDuhok42001Kurdistan RegionIraq

The rapid transmission of multimedia information has been achieved mainly by recent advancements in the Internet’s speed and information *** spite of this,advancements in technology have resulted in breaches of privacy and data *** it comes to protecting private information in today’s Internet era,digital steganography is *** academics are interested in digital video because it has a great capability for concealing important *** have been a vast number of video steganography solutions developed lately to guard against the theft of confidential *** visual imperceptibility,robustness,and embedding capacity of these approaches are all challenges that must be *** this paper,a novel solution to reversible video steganography based on Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT)and Quick Response(QR)codes is proposed to address these *** order to increase the security level of the suggested method,an enhanced ElGamal cryptosystem has also been *** to the embedding stage,the suggested method uses the modified ElGamal algorithm to encrypt secret QR ***,it applies two-dimensional DWT on the Y-component of each video frame resulting in Approximation(LL),Horizontal(LH),Vertical(HL),and Diagonal(HH)***,the encrypted Low(L),Medium(M),Quantile(Q),and High(H)QR codes are embedded into the HL sub-band,HHsub-band,U-component,and V-component of video frames,respectively,using the Least Significant Bit(LSB)*** a consequence of extensive testing of the approach,it was shown to be very secure and highly invisible,as well as highly resistant to attacks from Salt&Pepper,Gaussian,Poisson,and Speckle noises,which has an average Structural Similarity Index(SSIM)of more than *** from visual imperceptibility,the suggested method exceeds current methods in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)average of 52.143 dB,and embedding capacity 1 bpp.

关键词： Reversible video steganography QR code security ElGamal cryptosystem DWT

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Optimizing Region of Interest Selection for Effective Embedding in Video Steganography Based on Genetic Algorithms

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 1451-1469页

作者： Nizheen A.Ali ramadhan j.mstafa Department of Computer Science College of ScienceUniversity of DuhokDuhok42001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoZakho42002Iraq Department of Computer Science College of ScienceNawroz UniversityDuhok42001Iraq

With the widespread use of the internet,there is an increasing need to ensure the security and privacy of transmitted *** has led to an intensified focus on the study of video steganography,which is a technique that hides data within a video cover to avoid *** effectiveness of any steganography method depends on its ability to embed data without altering the original video’s quality while maintaining high *** paper proposes a new method to video steganography,which involves utilizing a Genetic Algorithm(GA)for identifying the Region of Interest(ROI)in the cover *** ROI is the area in the video that is the most suitable for data *** secret data is encrypted using the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES),which is a widely accepted encryption standard,before being embedded into the cover video,utilizing up to 10%of the cover *** process ensures the security and confidentiality of the embedded *** performance metrics for assessing the proposed method are the Peak Signalto-Noise Ratio(PSNR)and the encoding and decoding *** results show that the proposed method has a high embedding capacity and efficiency,with a PSNR ranging between 64 and 75 dBs,which indicates that the embedded data is almost indistinguishable from the original ***,the method can encode and decode data quickly,making it efficient for real-time applications.

关键词： Video steganography genetic algorithm advanced encryption standard security effective embedding

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Face Recognition Based on Gabor Feature Extraction Followed by FastICA and LDA

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 1637-1659页

作者： Masoud Muhammed Hassan Haval Ismael Hussein Adel Sabry Eesa ramadhan j.mstafa Department of Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoDuhok42002Kurdistan RegionIraq Scientific Research and Development Center Nawroz UniversityDuhok42001Kurdistan RegionIraq

Over the past few decades,face recognition has become the most effective biometric technique in recognizing people’s identity,as it is widely used in many areas of our daily ***,it is a challenging technique since facial images vary in rotations,expressions,and *** minimize the impact of these challenges,exploiting information from various feature extraction methods is recommended since one of the most critical tasks in face recognition system is the extraction of facial ***,this paper presents a new approach to face recognition based on the fusion of Gabor-based feature extraction,Fast Independent Component Analysis(FastICA),and Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA).In the presented method,first,face images are transformed to grayscale and resized to have a uniform *** that,facial features are extracted from the aligned face image using Gabor,FastICA,and LDA ***,the nearest distance classifier is utilized to recognize the identity of the ***,the performance of six distance classifiers,namely Euclidean,Cosine,Bray-Curtis,Mahalanobis,Correlation,and Manhattan,are *** results revealed that the presented method attains a higher rank-one recognition rate compared to the recent approaches in the literature on four benchmarked face datasets:ORL,GT,FEI,and ***,it showed that the proposed method not only helps in better extracting the features but also in improving the overall efficiency of the facial recognition system.

关键词： Artificial intelligence face recognition FastICA Gabor filter bank LDA

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AR-assisted children book for smart teaching and learning of Turkish alphabets

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2022年第3期4卷 263-277页

作者： Ahmed L ALYOUSIFY ramadhan j.mstafa Department of Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoDuhok 42002Iraq Department of Computer Science College of ScienceNawroz UniversityDuhok 42001Iraq

Background Augmented reality(AR),virtual reality(VR),and remote-controlled devices are driving the need for a better 5 G infrastructure to support faster data *** this study,mobile AR is emphasized as a viable and widespread solution that can be easily scaled to millions of end-users and educators because it is lightweight and low-cost and can be implemented in a cross-platform ***-efficiency smart devices and high latencies for real-time interactions via regular mobile networks are primary barriers to the use of AR in *** 5 G cellular networks can mitigate some of these issues via network slicing,device-to-device communication,and mobile edge *** In this study,we use a new technology to solve some of these *** proposed software monitors image targets on a printed book and renders 3 D objects and alphabetic *** addition,the application considers *** sound(phonetic)and 3 D representation of a letter are played as soon as the image target is detected.3 D models of the Turkish alphabet are created by using Adobe Photoshop with Unity 3 D and Vuforia *** The proposed application teaches Turkish alphabets and phonetics by using 3 D object models,3 D letters,and 3 D phrases,including letters and sounds.

关键词： Human computer interaction 5 G Augmented reality IOT Turkish alphabet Smart teaching AR assisted book

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Plio-Pleistocene sedimentation and palaeogeographic reconstruction in the Poso Depression,Central Sulawesi,Indonesia:from a sea channel to a land bridge

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journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第3期12卷 331-357页

作者： Abang Mansyursyah Surya Nugraha ramadhan Adhitama Adam D.Switzer Robert Hall Earth Observatory of Singapore Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave.639798Singapore Fakultas Teknologi Kebumian dan Energi Universitas TrisaktiKampus A Gedung DJI.Kyai Tapa No.1GrogolJakarta 11441Indonesia Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave.639798Singapore SE Asia Research Group Department of Earth SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamSurreyTW200EXUK

The Poso Depression provides a record of Plio-Pleistocene environments and palaeogeography of Central ***-based sedimentological and provenance studies suggest that during the Pliocene the Poso Depression was a sea channel connecting Gorontalo and Bone bays formed in an asymmetric *** Pliocene history began with deposition of the Puna Formation with fan deltas at the eastern basin margin and channel complexes in the deep-water basin further *** of light and heavy minerals indicate the main sediment source was ultrabasic rocks in East Sulawesi with minor and intermittent magmatic and metamorphic input from West ***,in the Middle to Late Pliocene,carbonates of the Poso Formation accumulated on the eastern basin *** are unconformably overlain by shallow marine glaucophane-rich siliciclastics of the Pleistocene Lage Formation that are associated with the rapid exhu-mation and uplift of the Pompangeo metamorphic *** uplift led to the development of a land bridge connecting western and eastern *** terrane evolution favoured increasing the area of exposed land due to rapid tectonic uplift,which when combined with the tropical climate,contributed to faunal speciation and dispersal in Sulawesi.

关键词： Palaeogeography Poso Sulawesi Sedimentation history Provenance

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher j.O’Connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

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Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha j.Holdsworth Alistair j.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

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Carbon capture,utilization,and storage in Indonesia:An update on storage capacity,current status,economic viability,and policy

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 20-35页

作者： Romal ramadhan Min Thura Mon Suparit Tangparitkul Roengchai Tansuchat Dita Audina Agustin Encovy Institute JakartaIndonesia jackson School of Geosciences The University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Centre of Excellence in Econometrics Faculty of EconomicsChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand

As part of its climate action policy,Indonesia prioritizes the development of carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)*** the necessity of reducing emissions,Indonesia is aggressively implementing novel carbon capture and storage(CCS)*** paper gives a detailed assessment of Indonesia's CCS potential,covering CO_(2) emission profiles,storage capabilities,active projects,economic feasibility,and policy *** plans to cut carbon emissions by 29%by 2030 and reach net zero emissions by *** 15 CCUS projects set to begin by 2026,the government is making tremendous progress toward its *** concept includes pilot projects,feasibility studies,and phased adoption of CCUS using existing oil and gas *** such as Tangguh CO_(2)-EGR and Gundih CCS show how smaller-scale projects may pave the way for larger *** cost assessments show that natural gas processing plants producing high-purity CO_(2) are the most cost-effective for *** developments,such as MEMR February 2023 and Presidential Order No.14/2024,highlight the importance of supporting policies in promoting local and international *** advances,there are still gaps in long-term performance data,risk assessments,and economic consequences for industries such as iron,steel,cement,and *** studies should fill these gaps by concentrating on environmental implications,economic viability across several industries,legal and financial obligations,integration with renewable energy sources,and socioeconomic *** efforts among government,business,and academia will be critical for the effective development and deployment of CCUS technology following Indonesia's climate goals.

关键词： Energy transition CCSCCUS Indonesia Climate change

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A New Species of Cat Snake(Serpentes:Colubridae) Morphologically Similar to Boiga cynodon from the Nusa Tenggara Islands,Indonesia

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Asian Herpetological Research 2010年第1期1卷 22-30页

作者： Gilang ramadhan Djoko T.Iskandar Dadang R.Subasri School of Life Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung10Jalan Ganesa Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense Research Centre for Biologythe Indonesian Institute of SciencesCibinong

We describe a new cat snake species of the genus Boiga from the Nusa Tenggara Islands, Indonesia. The new species is superficially similar to Boiga cynodon, as it was identified previously. It differs from the latter species by the following combination of characteristics: only reaching half of the size of B. cynodon(up to 1250 mm SVL), higher number of dorsal scales; lower ventral and subcaudal counts and having only a very fine postorbital stripe.

关键词： Lesser Sunda Islands Boiga description taxonomy biogeography

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown Rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

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