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Isolated Rheumatic Pulmonary Valve Disease—Case Reports

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第6期5卷 207-215页

作者： ramachandran Muthiah Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital Thoothukudi India

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children and young adults worldwide and particularly developing countries continuing to experience a high incidence of this disease. The unexpected increase in the incidence of the disease in certain areas may explain the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this disease. The key manifestation of RHD is the cardiac valvular abnormalities characterized principally by deforming the layered and avascular leaflet architecture due to inflammation and subsequent diffuse fibrosis. Mitral valve is mostly involved and pulmonary valve is rarely affected. Background of these case reports highlighted the increased incidence of rheumatic pulmonary valve disease in Thoothukudi region of India in Tamil Nadu state.

关键词： Rheumatic Fever Pulmonary Valve Echocardiography ASO Screening Test

Left Ventricular “Horseshoe-Thrombus”—A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第4期5卷 140-146页

作者： ramachandran Muthiah Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital Thoothukudi India

Thrombi represent the most frequently found intracardiac masses. Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is an important complication in patients with ischemic heart diseases and in those with dilated cardiomyopathy and systolic heart failure. The diagnosis of left ventricular thrombus remains important since anticoagulation will reduce the risk of systemic embolization and stroke. Despite advances in other imaging modalities, echocardiography remains the most important tool for diagnosis and risk stratification in patients predisposed to develop left ventricular thrombi. Mural thrombi formed on the left ventricular endocardium and horseshoe-shaped in chronic dilated cardiomyopathy, masquerading as left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis was diagnosed by transthoracic 2D echocardiographic imaging in a 38 years old middle aged man. Background of this case highlighted the pathophysiology, high risk echocardiographic features and the role of anticoagulant therapy in LV thrombus with dilated cardiomyopathy.

关键词： Thrombus Left Ventricle Dilated Cardiomyopathy Echocardiography Anticoagulant Therapy

Metachronous chest wall metastasis from clear cell renal cell carcinomadA rarity

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第4期8卷 440-441页

作者： Hardik Patel P.Ashwin Shekar Dinesh Reddy Sandhya ramachandran Department of Urology Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical SciencesPrashantigramPuttaparthiAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Pathology Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical SciencesPrashantigramPuttaparthiAndhra PradeshIndia

A 55-year-old male who underwent left radical nephrectomy,4 years back for a left renal mass,presented with swelling over left chest since 2 *** initial histopathology report of the radical nephrectomy specimen mentioned a 7.2 cm6 cm large renal mass involving the upperpole of the left kidney which was infiltrating the renal sinus and was reported as a stage pT3a clear cell carcinoma with Fuhrman’s grade III *** physical examination,non-tender,firm swelling approximately 10 cm5 cm sized was seen and palpated in the left upper chest(Fig.1).His current blood biochemical workup including liver function tests was *** enhanced computed tomography(CECT)of abdomen showed empty left renal fossa with no evidence of *** of the chest showed two well defined,heterogenous enhancing lesions with central necrosis,involving anterior chest wall muscle and extended up to the left lateral cardiac border with the larger one being approximately 99 mm47 mm in size(Fig.2).

关键词： metastasis swelling sized

Right Ventricular Endomyocardial Fibrosis in Neonate—A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第5期5卷 170-175页

作者： ramachandran Muthiah Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital Thoothukudi India

Endomyocardial fibrosis is characterized by the formation of fibrous tissue in the endocardium. Although the disease may affect both ventricles, isolated or not, the right ventricle is more frequently involved. Endocardial fibrosis may be present in the entire ventricular cavity, being usually more marked in the apical region and right ventricular inflow tract. Its etiology, however, still remains unknown. Background—Reports on endomyocardial fibrosis in pediatric patients are not common. It is more frequent from the fourth year of age on, with few reports in the first 2 years of life. This case aimed at reporting right ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis in 7 days old male neonate, in addition to discussing the etiopathogenesis and future perspective of the disease.

关键词： Apical Fibrosis Right Ventricle Tricuspid Regurgitation Echocardiography Neonate

Rheumatic Mitral Valvulitis with a “Giant Vegetation”—A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第10期5卷 363-410页

作者： ramachandran Muthiah Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital Thoothukudi India

Infective endocarditis (IE) is the infection of inner endothelial layer of the heart including the heart valves and it may present as rapidly progressive or manifest itself as subacute or chronic disease. The epidemiology of infective endocarditis has been changed over the past few decades and the incidence of IE in children in United States and Canada is 1 in 1250 pediatric hospital admissions in the early 1980s. At least 70% of infective endocarditis in children occurs with congenital heart disease whereas rheumatic heart disease in southern states of India and the degenerative mitral valve disease (myxomatous, mitral valve prolapse) in the western countries are the most underlying predisposing conditions to infective endocarditis in adolescents. The characteristic lesion of infective endocarditis is “vegetation” and a “large” vegetation >10 mm in size has been reported with an incidence of 15.9% - 62.5% in patients. The significance of vegetation size has been a subject of discussion for many years to predict the embolic episodes. Background of this case study illustrated the varying size and shape of giant vegetation attached to the anterior leaflet of mitral valve in an underlying rheumatic mitral valvulitis and its consequence of valve damage such as chordal rupture, flail leaflet and mitral regurgitation with a description of anatomic features and echocardiographic manifestations in a 10-year-old female child.

关键词： Rheumatic Mitral Valvulitis Infective Endocarditis Giant Vegetation Flail Leaflet Mitral Regurgitation Ping-Pong Mitral Stenosis

Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of an Ar-N_2 Plasma Arc Inside a Non-Transferred Torch

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第6期11卷 679-687页

作者： B.SELVAN K.ramachandran K.P.SREEKUMAR T.K.THIYAGARAJAN P.V.ANANTHAPADMANABHAN School of Mechanical and Building Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityVellore 632014India Laser and Plasma Technology Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

A three-dimensional numerical model is developed to study the behaviour of an argon-nitrogen plasma arc inside a non-transferred torch. In this model, both the entire cathode and anode nozzle are considered to simulate the plasma arc. The argon-nitrogen plasma arc is simulated for different arc currents and gas flow rates of argon. Various combinations of arc core radius and arc length, which correspond to a given torch power, are predicted. A most feasible combination of the same, which corresponds to an actual physical situation of the arc inside the torch, is identified using the thermodynamic principle of minimum entropy production for a particular torch power. The effect of the arc current and gas flow rate on the plasma arc characteristics and torch efficiency is explained. The effect of the nitrogen content in the plasma gas on the torch power and efficiency is clearly detected. Predicted torch efficiencies are comparable to the measured ones and the effect of the arc current and gas flow rate on predicted and measured efficiencies is almost similar. The efficiency of the torch, cathode and anode losses and core temperature and velocity at the nozzle exit are reported for five different cases.

关键词： plasma arc numerical modeling plasma torch minimum entropy production electro-thermal efficiency

Left Ventricular Myxoma—A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第3期5卷 88-94页

作者： ramachandran Muthiah Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital Thoothukudi India

Left ventricular myxomas are extremely rare and account for 2.5% of all cardiac myxoma cases. A left ventricular myxoma originating from the apical interventricular septum and projecting into the left ventricular cavity was diagnosed by Transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiographic imaging in a 29-year-old male. The presentation of myxoma with symptoms masquerading as infectious hepatitis and dilated cardiomyopathy with a measured ejection fraction of 20% has been described.

关键词： Myxoma Interventricular Septum Left Ventricle Cardiomyopathy

Endomyocardial Fibrosis: Echocardiographic Profile

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第5期5卷 180-187页

作者： ramachandran Muthiah Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital Thoothukudi India

Evolution of two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography identified the typical features of Endomyocardial Fibrosis (EMF) such as dense ventricular apical fibrosis, dysfunction of atrioventricular valve and sub-valvular apparatus and cavity dimensions. This is the tool used most for the diagnosis of EMF in areas where the disease is endemic in Africa. Today echocardiography is used as a screening tool to identify cases of EMF at the community level and it could be confirmed at the bed side. Background of these cases highlighted the echocardiographic features of EMF in different age groups and the oldest one reported at the age of 85 years in a female in advanced stage at this coastal district of Thoothukudi in India.

关键词： Apical Fibrosis African Heart Pericardial Effusion EMF Syndrome Mushroom Sign

Antibacterial activity of various leaf extracts of Merremia emarginata

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第5期1卷 406-408页

作者： EK Elumalai M ramachandran T Thirumalai P Vinothkumar P.G.and Research Department of Zoology Physiology WingVoorhees College Bioinformatics Center Central Agricultural Research InstitutePort BlairAndaman & Nicobar P.G.and Department of Microbiology Mohamed Sathak College of Arts and ScienceSholinganallur

Objective:To investigate the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of the *** and petroleum ether leaf extracts of Merremia emarginata(***).Methods:The antibavterial activity of leaf extracts of *** were evaluated by agar well diffusion method against four selected bacterial ***:The presence of tannins,flavonoids,amino acids,starch,glycosides and carbohydrates in the different leaf extracts was *** methanol extract was more effective against Baciilus cereus and Eseherkhia coli,whereas aqueous extract was more effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas ***:The results in the present study suggest that *** leaf can be used in treating diseases caused by the tested organisms.

关键词： Merremia emarginata Methanol extract Aqueous extract