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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural re.e.eration re.e.rch 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： ramón Pérez-Núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has re.e.led that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,re.e.sing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and pre.e.t central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Priming the seed:Helicobacter pylori alters epithelial cell invasiveness in early gastric carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2018年第9期10卷 231-243页

作者： Silvia Molina-castro Vanessa ramírez-Mayorga Warner Alpízar-Alpízar Cancer epidemiology re.e.rch Program Health Research InstituteUniversity of Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica Clinical Department School of MedicineUniversity of Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica Public Nutrition Section School of NutritionUniversity of Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica Center for re.e.rch in Microscopic Structures University of Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineUniversity of Costa RicaSan José2060Costa Rica

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is a wellestablished risk factor for the development of gastric cancer(GC), one of the most common and deadliest neoplasms worldwide. H. pylori infection induces chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa that, in the absence of treatment, may progress through a series of steps to GC. GC is only one of several clinical outcomes associated with this bacterial infection, which may be at least partially attributed to the high genetic variability of H. pylori. The biological mechanisms underlying how and under what circumstances H. pylori alters normal physiological processes remain enigmatic. A key aspect of carcinogenesis is the acquisition of traits that equip pre.e.plastic cells with the ability to invade. Accumulating evidence implicates H. pylori in the manipulation of cellular and molecular programs that are crucial for conferring cells with invasive capabilities. We pre.e.t here an overview of the main findings about the involvement of H. pylori in the acquisition of cell invasive behavior, specifically focusing on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, changes in cell polarity, and deregulation of molecules that control extracellular matrix remodeling.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Plasminogen activation system Invasion epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

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Modeling the Spike response for Adaptive Fuzzy Spiking Neurons with Application to a Fuzzy XOR

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2018年第6期115卷 295-311页

作者： A.M.e.ramírez-Mendoza CONACYT re.e.rch Fellow–State University of Nuevo León(UANL for its acronym in Spanish) Mechanical and Electrical Engineering School(FIME for its acronym in Spanish)Center for Research and Innovation in Aeronautical Engineering(CIIIA for its acronym in Spanish)Carretera a Salinas Victoria km.2.3ApodacaNuevo LeónMéxico

A spike response model(SRM)based on the spikes generator circuit(SGC)of adaptive fuzzy spiking neurons(AFSNs)is *** SRM is simulated in MatlabTM *** proposed model is applied to a configuration of a fuzzy exclusive or(fuzzy XOR)operator,as an illustrative example.A description of the comparison of AFSNs with other similar methods is *** novel method of the AFSNs is used to determine the value of the weights or parameters of the fuzzy XOR,first with dynamic weights or self-tuning parameters that adapt continuously,then with fixed weights obtained after training,finally with fixed weights and a dynamic gain or self-tuning gain for a fine adjustment of amplitude.

关键词： Spike response model spikes generator circuit fuzzy XOR adaptive fuzzy spiking neuron learning algorithm fuzzy neuron self-tuning

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Photoconductive devices for terahertz pulsed spectroscopy:a review[Invited]

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Photonics re.e.rch 2016年第3期4卷 36-42页

作者： e.castro-Camus M.Alfaro Centro de Investigaciones en Optica A.C. Departamento de Matematicas y Fisica Centro de Ciencias BasicasUniversidad Autonoma de Aguascalientes

Photoconductive switches were the key components that allowed the generation and detection of coherent broadband electromagnetic pulses at terahertz frequencies, opening the possibility for performing spectroscopy and,therefore, measuring complex dielectric properties of materials in this band, which was mostly unexplored. In this paper, we pre.e.t a brief introduction to the operation principles of these devices. Subsequently, we pre.e.t a review of the current state-of-the-art in this field and discuss the challenges to be faced in future development of these devices.

关键词： As Ga THz Photoconductive devices for terahertz pulsed spectroscopy:a review[Invited

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A Generalized Array Factor for Time-Modulated Hexagonal Based Antenna Array Geometry With Novel Trapezoidal Switching

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Ieee/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第9期11卷 1967-1972页

作者： Gopi ram Department of electronics and Communication engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004India

The concept of the time-modulated array has been emerging as an alternative to the complex phase shifters,which lowers the cost of the array feeding network due to the utilization of radio frequency(RF)*** various forms of hexagonal antenna array geometries can be used for applications like surveillance tracking in phased array radar and wire.e.s communication *** work proposes the generalized array factor(AF)for the hexagonal antenna array geometry based on time *** time modulation in generalized hexagonal geometry can maintain the fixed static amplitude excitation,giving more flexibility over ***,a novel trapezoidal switching function is also proposed and applied to the generalized array factor to enable future re.e.rchers to use this array factor in the field of advancement to observe how switching schemes like trapezoidal and rectangular affect the array pattern's side lobe level(SLL).The generalized equation can be utilized for the analysis and synthesis of radiation characteristics of the time-modulated hexagonal array(TMHA),time-modulated concentric hexagonal array(TMCHA),time-modulated hexagonal cylindrical array(TMHCA),and time-modulated hexagonal concentric cylindrical array(TMHCCA).The numerical result illustrates the generation of AF of time-modulated hexagonal structures and also shows that the trapezoidal switching sequence outperforms the rectangular switch using the cat swarm optimization(CSO)approach.

关键词： Hexagonal array geometry radiation pattern time-modulation trapezoidal pulse

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Participatory Risk Governance for Seoul,South Korea's Flood Risk Management

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 317-331页

作者： Bokjin ro Gregg Garfin School of Geography Development and EnvironmentThe University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85721USA Interdisciplinary Program for Disaster Crisis and Risk ManagementSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do16419Republic of Korea School of Natural resources and the environment The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85721USA

Risk governance is a widely used framework in natural and societal risk management *** from natural hazards in urban areas call for the establishment of rigorous and participatory urban risk *** this study,we examined participatory risk governance(PRG)of flood risk management(FRM)in Seoul,South *** conducted key informant interviews and implemented a survey with citizens,to explore perceptions of flood risks and risk management,and to examine prospects for improving PRG in *** found a gap between the perceptions of key informants and *** informants believed that citizens'low aware.e.s of flood risks hinders *** our re.e.rch found that citizens'risk aware.e.s was not low,and risk aware.e.s may not be the main barrier to participation in ***,we found that citizens lacked knowledge of FRM actions,and they assigned government bodies a high level of responsibility for FRM,compared to the level of responsibility that citizens assigned to ***,the actors involved in FRM tended not to trust each other,which implies a lack of mutual *** increase the eff ectiveness of PRG,we suggest a polycentric governance structure anchored by a leading actor group,and active promotion of the participation of actors at multiple levels of *** between government and citizen participants,designed to foster improved understanding and recognition of one another's roles and contributions to FRM,will enhance trust and improve the implementation of PRG in Seoul.

关键词： Citizen participation-Flood risk management Participatory risk governance Risk aware.e.s South Korea:Urban flood risk

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Prediction of environment variables in precision agriculture using a sparse model as data fusion strategy

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 171-183页

作者： L.Mancipe-castro R.e.Gutierrez-Carvajal Multimedia engineering Program/Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Bogota 110111Colombia

Precision agriculture seeks to optimize production processes by monitoring and analyzingenvironmental variables. For example, establishing farming actions on the crop requiresanalyzing variables such as temperature, ambient humidity, soil moisture, solar irradiance,and Rainfall. Although these signals might contain valuable information, it is vital to mixup the monitored signals and analyze them as a whole to provide more accurate information than analyzing the signals separately. Unfortunately, monitoring all these variablesresults in high costs. Hence it is necessary to establish an appropriate method that allowsthe infer variables behavior without the direct measure.e.t of all of *** paper introduces a multi-sensor data fusion technique, based on a sparse repre.e.tation, to find the most straightforward and complete linear equation to predict and understand a particular variable behavior based on other monitored environmental variablesmeasure.e.ts. Moreover, this approach aims to provide an interpretable model that allowsunderstanding how these variables are combined to achieve such results. The fusion strategy explained in this manuscript follows a four-step process that includes 1. data cleaning,2. redundant variable detection, 3. dictionary generation, and 4. sparse regression. Thealgorithm requires a target variable and two highly correlated signals. It is essential to pointout that the developed method has no restrictions to specific variables. Consequently, it ispossible to replicate this method for the semiautomatic prediction of multiple critical environmental *** a case study, this work used the SML2010 data set of the UCI machine learning repository to predicted the humidity’s derivative trend function with an error rate lower than 17%and a mean absolute error lower than 6%. The experiment results show that even thoughsparse model predictions might not be the most accurate compared to those of linearregression (LR), support vector m

关键词： Precision agriculture Multi-sensor data fusion Sparse repre.e.tation Inference of variables Humidity

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exploratory study on microRNA profiles from plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2019年第1期8卷 382-398页

作者： Ana Gámez-Valero Jaume Campdelacreu Dolores Vilas Lourdes Ispierto ramón reñé ram.roÁlvarez MPilar Armengol Francesc e.Borràs Katrin Beyer Department of Pathology Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBadalona 08916Spain reMAR-IVeCAT group Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP)08916 BadalonaSpain Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeL’Hospitalet de Llobregat 08907Spain Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol08916 BadalonaSpain Genomic and Microscopy facilities Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP)08916 BadalonaSpain Department of Cell Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BarcelonaSpain

Background:Because of the increasing life expectancy in our society,aging-related neurodegenerative disorders are one of the main issues in global *** of these diseases are characterized by the deposition of misfolded proteins and a progressive cognitive *** these diseases,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB)are the most common types of degenerative *** both show specific features,an important neuropathological and clinical overlap between them hampers their correct *** this work,we identified molecular biomarkers aiming to improve the misdiagnosis between both ***:Plasma extracellular vesicles(eVs)-from DLB,AD and healthy controls-were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography(SeC)and characterized by flow cytometry,Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis(NTA)and cryo-electron *** Generation Sequencing(NGS)and related bibliographic search was performed and a selected group of eV-associated microRNAs(miRNAs)was analysed by ***:results uncovered two miRNAs(hsa-miR-451a and hsa-miR-21-5p)significantly down-regulated in AD samples respect to DLB patients,and a set of four miRNAs(hsa-miR-23a-3p,hsa-miR-126-3p,hsa-let-7i-5p,and hsamiR-151a-3p)significantly decreased in AD respect to *** two miRNAs showing decreased expression in AD in comparison to DLB provided area under the curve(AUC)values of 0.9 in roC curve analysis,thus suggesting their possible use as biomarkers to discriminate between both *** gene analysis of these miRNAs using prediction online tools showed accumulation of phosphorylation enzymes,pre.e.ce of proteasome-related proteins and genes involved in cell death among ***:Our data suggest that plasma-eV associated miRNAs may reflect a differential profile for a given dementia-related disorder which,once validated in larger cohorts of patients,could help to improve the differential diagnosis of DLB versus AD.

关键词： Neurodegenerative disorders Biomarker exosomes Next generation sequencing extracellular vesicles

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Assessment of Mg(OH)_(2)/TiO_(2) coating in the Mg-Ca-Zn alloy for improved corrosion resistance and antibacterial performance

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 361-378页

作者： Leonardo Hernández Jesús ramón-Sierra Montserrat Soria-castro Ángel Bacelis Geonel rodríguez-Gattorno elizabeth Ortiz-Vázquez Gloria Acosta Applied Physics Department Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute(CINVESTAV-IPN)Carr.Ant.a Progreso km.6C.P.97310MeridaYucatanMexico Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida.Av.Tecnológico s/n Km.4.5 ant.Carr.Mérida-Progreso C.P.97118MéridaYucatánMéxico Facultad de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Av.Universidad 3000C.P.04510CoyoacánCDMXMéxico

The high activity of metallic magnesium and alloys limits its potential in biomedical applications;in re.e.t years,extensive efforts have been devoted to modulating this *** this work,we pre.e.t Mg(OH)_(2) and TiO_(2)barrier coatings to reduce the degradation of magnesium alloy(Mg-Ca-Zn)*** coatings were deposited by the anodization method and the spin-coating technique,*** anodized layer was coated with TiO_(2)generated from the hydrolysis of 3%weight of TTIP(Ti[OCH(CH_(3))_(2)]_(4),Titanium(IV)isopropoxide)in 2-Propanol deposited by the spin-coating *** the degradation in Ringer’s solution by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and OCP re.e.led a 98%reduction in pittings in uncoated samples after 14 days of *** p H measure.e.ts re.e.led that the TiO_(2)coating reduced the alkalization of the physiological environment,keeping the pH at 6.0 *** vitro studies of two types of bacteria(*** and ***)exhibited zones of inhibition in the agar and activity bactericidal(kill time test).The mechanisms behind the improved degradation resistance and enhanced antibacterial activity are pre.e.ted and discussed *** modification with Mg(OH)_(2)/TiO_(2)coatings is a promising strategy to control the biodegradation of magnesium implants for bone re.e.eration.

关键词： Magnesium alloy eIS Mg(OH)_(2) TiO_(2) Antibacterial coatings

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NeCAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural re.e.eration re.e.rch 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.e.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael J.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal eF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NeCAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the pre.e.ce of at least one eF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NeCAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NeCAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled re.e.tors, while NeCAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NeCAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NeCAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NeCAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NeCAB3 is pre.e.t in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NeCAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NeCAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the eF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium eF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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