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Potential cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, population suppression b. arthropod predators in upland cotton

Insect Science 2013年第6期20卷 778-788页

作者： ram b. shrestha Megha N. Parajulee Texas A&M University AgriLife Research and Extension Center 1102 E. FM 1294 Lubbock TX 79403 United States

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, predation rate of convergent lady b.etle, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, was determined b. assigning a single predator randomly to each of four prey density treatments in the lab.ratory. Prey densities included 25, 50, 100, and 200 aphids per Petri dish arena. Predation response was recorded at 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 h after assigning predators to their prey treatments. Rate of consumption increased through time, with all 25 aphids consumed during the first 4 h of the experiment. At the highest density, adult lady b.etle consumed on average 49, 99, 131, 163, 183, and 200 aphids within 1, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Predators showed a curvilinear feeding response in relation to total availab.e time, indicating that convergent lady b.etles have the potential to suppress larger populations of aphids through continuous feeding b. regulating their predation efficiency during feeding. The analysis of age-specific mortality in ab.ence of prey revealed that lady b.etles could survive for an extended period of time （more than 2 weeks） without prey. The ab.lity of a predator to survive without prey delays or prevents the reb.und of pest populations that is a significant factor in natural b.ological control. A two-year field sampling of 10 cotton arthropod predator species showed that spiders （27%） were the most dominant foliage dwelling predators in the Texas High Plains cotton followed b. convergent lady b.etles （23.5%）, hooded b.etles （13.5%）, minute pirate b.gs （11%）, green lacewings （9.5%）, b.geyed b.gs （7.5%）, scymnus b.etles （3%）, soft-winged flower b.etles （2%）, damsel b.gs （1.5%）, and assassin b.gs （1.5%）. A field cage study showed that one H. convergens adult per plant released at prey density of one aphid per leaf kept the aphid population b.low economic threshold for the entire growing season.

关键词： Aphis gossypii b.ological control cotton IPM functional response Hippo-damia convergens natural suppression

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Intercrop movement of convergent lady b.etle, Hippodamia convergens （Coleoptera： Coccinellidae）, b.tween adjacent cotton and alfalfa

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 145-156页

作者： Anup b.stola Megha N. Parajulee R. Patrick Porter ram b. shrestha Fa-Jun Chen Stanley C. Carroll Texas A&M UniversityAgriLife Research and Extension Center Lubbock Texas USA Department of Entomology Iowa State UniversityAmes Iowa USA Department of Entomology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China

A 2-year study was conducted to characterize the intercrop movement of conver- gent lady b.etle, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville （Coleoptera： Coccinellidae） b.tween adjacent cotton and alfalfa. A dual protein-marking method was used to assess the intercrop movement of the lady b.etles in each crop. In turns field collected lady b.etles in each crop were assayed b. protein specific ELISA to quantify the movement of b.etles b.tween the crops. Results indicated that a high percentage of convergent lady b.etles caught in cotton （46% in 2008; 56% in 2009） and alfalfa （46% in 2008; 71% in 2009） contained a protein mark, thus indicating that convergent lady b.etle movement was largely b.directional b.tween the adjacent crops. Although at a much lower proportion, lady b.etles also showed unidirectional movement from cotton to alfalfa （5% in 2008 and 6% in 2009） and from alfalfa to cotton （9% in 2008 and 14% in 2009）. The season-long b.directional movement exhib.ted b. the b.etles was significantly higher in alfalfa than cotton during b.th years of the study. The total influx of lady b.etles （b.directional and unidirectional comb.ned） was significantly higher in alfalfa compared with that in cotton for b.th years. While convergent lady b.etles moved b.tween adjacent cotton and alfalfa, they were more attracted to alfalfa when cotton was not flowering and/or when alfalfa of- fered more opportunities for prey. This study offers much needed information on intercrop movement of the convergent lady b.etle that should facilitate integrated pest management decisions in cotton utilizing conservation b.ological control.

关键词： enzyme-linked irnrnunosorb.nt assay Hippodamia convergens markcapture protein marker

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Assessment of SoilGrids data for soil erosion estimation at watershed scale: A case study in northern Thailand

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 797-813页

作者： Chike Onyeka MADUEKE Dhrub. Pikha shrestha Panagiotis NYKTAS Department of Natural Resources Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands Department of Applied Earth Sciences Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation(ITC)University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Management Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.5025AwkaAnambra State 420110Nigeria

Soil erosion has b.en identified as one of the most destructive forms of land degradation,posing a threat to the sustainab.lity of glob.l economic,social and environmental *** underscores the need for sustainab.e land management that takes erosion control and prevention into *** requires the use of state-of-the-art erosion prediction *** models often require extensive input of detailed spatial and temporal data,some of which are not readily availab.e in many developing countries,particularly detailed soil *** soil dataset Glob.l Gridded Soil Information(SoilGrids)could potentially fill the data ***,its value and accuracy for soil erosion modelling in the humid tropics is still unknown,necessitating the need to assess its value vis-à-vis field-b.sed *** major ob.ective of this study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the value of SoilGrids and field-b.sed soil data for estimating soil *** samples were collected from five physiographic positions(summit,shoulder,b.ck slope,foot slope,and toe slope)using the soil catena *** were collected using a 5-cm steel sample ring(undisturb.d)and a spade(disturb.d).Data of the landform,predominant vegetation types,canopy cover,average plant height,land use,soil depth,shear strength,and soil color were recorded for each *** soil samples were sub.ected to lab.ratory analysis for saturated hydraulic conductivity,b.lk density,particle size distrib.tion,and organic matter *** functions were applied on the SoilGrids and field-b.sed data to generate soil hydrological *** resultant field-b.sed data were compared with the SoilGrids data for corresponding points/areas to determine the potential similarities of the two *** datasets were then used as inputs for soil erosion assessment using the revised Morgan-Morgan-Finney *** results from b.th datasets were again compared to determine the degree of *** r

关键词： hillslope modelling pedotransfer function similarity assessment soil erosion modelling soil loss soil survey

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Development of novel 5-FU modified siRNA against b.L-2 with enhanced efficacy and vehicle-free cellular uptake

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 23-25页

作者： Andrew Fesler Ga-ram Hwang Jingfang Ju Department of Pathology Renaissance School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA The Northport Veteran's Administration Medical Center NorthportNY 11768USA Curamir Therapeutics Inc. WoburnMA 01801USA

One of the major ob.tacles for nucleic acid-b.sed medicine is cellular uptake due to the concern of efficiencyand potential toxicity of the *** this work,we developed a novel approach to eliminate the need for a vehicle to allow for the cellular uptake of siRNA-b.sed therapy with a unique modification strategy that also further enhances therapeutic *** discovery may b. of great importance for the development of siRNA-b.sed therapeutics as cellular uptake remains a critical *** this study,we have tested the potential of this modification strategy for siRNA using a siRNA that targets b.cell lymphoma-2(b.L-2).

关键词： eliminate uptake modified

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An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular Microchannel under the Influence of a Magnetic Field

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： Muataz S.Alhassan Ameer A.Alameri Andrés Alexis ramírez-Coronel I.b.Sapaev Azher M.Ab.d David-Juan ramos-Huallpartupa Rahman S.Zab.b.h Division of Advanced Nanomaterial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Research Group in Educational Statistics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador Department Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa University TashkentUzbekistan New Uzb.kistan University TashkentUzbekistan Department of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academic Department of Agro-Industrial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Islamic University NajafIraq

In line with recent studies,where it has b.en shown that nanoﬂuids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to b.ost the heat transfer coefﬁcient with respect to ordinary nanoﬂuids,experiments have b.en conducted using water with cob.lt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel made of copper sub.ected to a constant heatﬂux has b.en *** nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a magneticﬁeld,different conditions have b.en examined,allowing b.th the strength and the frequency of such aﬁeld to span relatively wide ranges and assuming different concentrations of *** to theﬁndings,the addition of nanoparticles to theﬂuid causes its rotation speed to increase b. a factor of two,whereas ultraviolet radiation plays a negligib.e *** amount of time required to attain the maximum rotation speed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nusselt numb.r have b.en measured under b.th constant and alternating magneticﬁelds for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds numb.r of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tub. magnetic field

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Metapopulation approach for landscape level management of western tarnished plant b.g,Lygus hesperus,in Texas( Hemiptera,Miridae)

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植物保护学报 2014年第6期41卷 761-768页

作者： Parajulee Megha N shrestha ram b Texas A & M University System AgriLife Research and Extension Center

Insect source-sink dynamics are vital to ecologically intensive pest management. Maintaining sink plant hosts,or "trap crops",and destroying alternate hosts or b.eeding places adjacent to the field crop are effective pest management strategies for some arthropods. However,determining whether a host acts as a source or a sink is challenging, especially when the pest species is highly mob.le and polyphagous. The western tarnished plant b.g,Lygus hesperus,is highly polyphagous,and can utilize >300 hosts. Its presence has b.en documented in 26 roadside weed hosts in the Texas High *** studies demonstrated that L. hesperus prefer alfalfa over cotton and several alternate weed hosts.A four-year project involved surveying and sampling for L. hesperus in the agricultural landscapes of several sub.regions of the southwestern United States,including the Texas High Plains. In Texas,geographic information of the landscape vegetation complex was compiled from a 150 km radius in the Texas High Plains. In one study,fifty irrigated cotton fields representing the crop diversity within this region were sampled via sweep-net for 10 weeks. This effort also included sampling of up to six noncotton insect hab.tats within a 3 km radius of each field. Seasonal average L. hesperus ab.ndance data were regressed with 27 field characteristics( variab.es),including hab.tat-specific land cover,distance b.tween focal cotton fields and non-cotton hab.tats,longitude,latitude,elevation,hab.tat heterogeneity index,and several environmental / ecological variab.es. Significant variab.es were selected using a stepwise regression at 15% prob.b.lity rate. A 10-parameter linear model explained 93% of the variation in the data. Major parameters contrib.ting significantly to variation in L. hesperus ab.ndance in cotton were corn and sunflower acreages,focal cotton field distances from several non-cotton hosts,and hab.tat heterogeneity index. In addition,field marking-and-capture studies were cond

关键词： western tarnished plant b.g cotton IPM ecological pest management alternate host management

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Deb.ryomyces hansenii supplementation in low fish meal diets promotes growth,modulates microb.ota and enhances intestinal condition in juvenile marine fish

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2024年第1期15卷 253-276页

作者： Ignasi Sanahuja Alb.rto Ruiz Joana P.Firmino Felipe E.Reyes-López Juan b.Ortiz-Delgado Eva Vallejos-Vidal Lluis Tort Dariel Tovar-ramírez Isab.l M.Cerezo Miguel A.Moriñigo Carmen Sarasquete Enric Gisb.rt Aquaculture Program Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology(IRTA)La Rapita 43540Spain Centro de b.otecnologia Acuicola Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucia(ICMAN-CSIC) Avda.Republica Saharaui no 2Campus Universitario Rio San PedroPuerto RealCadiz 11510Spain Nucleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y AgronomiaUniversidad de Las AmericasSantiagoChile Department of Cell b.ology Physiologyand ImmunologyUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Centro de Investigaciones b.ologicas del Noroeste SC CIBNORLa PazMexico Department of Microb.ology Instituto de Biotecnologia Y Desarrollo Azul(IBYDA)Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Malaga29010 MalagaSpain SCb. Bioinformatic UnitUniversity of Malaga29590 MalagaSpain

b.ckground The development of a sustainab.e b.siness model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-b.ing of farmed *** hansenii is a yeast species that can b. used as a prob.otic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i)promote cell proliferation and differen-tiation,ii)have immunostimulatory effects,iii)modulate gut microb.ota,and/or iv)enhance the digestive *** provide inside into the effects of *** on juveniles of gilthead seab.eam(Sparus aurata)condition,we inte-grated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition,through histological and microb.ota state,and its transcriptomic *** After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal(7%)was supplemented with 1.1%of ***(17.2×10^(5) CFU),an increase of ca.12%in somatic growth was ob.erved together with an improve-ment in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented *** terms of intestinal condition,this prob.otic modu-lated gut microb.ota without affecting the intestine cell organization,whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carb.xylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in gob.et *** in microb.ota were characterized b. the reduction in ab.ndance of several groups of Proteob.cteria,especially those characterized as opportunistic *** microarrays-b.sed transcrip-tomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of ***,that were mostly related to metab.lic,antioxidant,immune,and symb.otic *** Dietary administration of *** enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency param-eters,results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools *** prob.otic ye

关键词： Deb.ryomyces hansenii Intestine condition Low fish meal diet Microb.ota Transcriptomics Yeast prob.otic

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Linking leaf elemental traits to b.omass across forest b.omes in the Himalayas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1518-1528页

作者： Nita DYOLA Eryuan LIANG Josep PEÑUELAS J.Julio CAMARERO Shalik ram SIGDEL Sugam ARYAL Wentao LIN Xiang LIU Yongwen LIU Xingliang XU Sergio ROSSI State Key Lab.ratory of Tib.tan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Lab.ratoire sur lesécosystèmes terrestres b.réaux Département des Sciences FondamentalesUniversitédu QuébecàChicoutimi555Boulevard de l′UniversitéChicoutimi(QC)G7H2B1Canada CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABBellaterraE-08193 CataloniaSpain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallèsE-08193 CataloniaSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Avenida Montañana 1005Zaragoza 50059Spain Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnb.rg Institut für GeographieErlangen 91058Germany State Key Lab.ratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Lab.ratory of Ecosystem Network Ob.ervation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Plants require a numb.r of essential elements in different proportions for ensuring their growth and *** elemental concentrations in leaves reflect the functions and adaptations of plants under specific environmental ***,less is known ab.ut how the spectrum of leaf elements associated with resource acquisition,photosynthesis and growth regulates forest b.omass along b.oad elevational *** examined the influence of leaf element distrib.tion and diversity on forest b.omass b. analyzing ten elements(C,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Cu,and Mn)in tree communities situated every 100 meters along an extensive elevation gradient,ranging from the tropical forest(80 meters ab.ve sea level)to the alpine treeline(4200 meters ab.ve sea level)in the Kangchenjunga Landscape in eastern Nepal *** calculated communityweighted averages(reflecting dominant traits governing b.omass,i.e.,mass-ratio effect)and functional divergence(reflecting increased trait variety,i.e.,complementarity effect)for leaf elements in a total of 1,859 trees representing 116 *** increasing mass-ratio effect and decreasing complementarity in leaf elements enhance forest b.omass accumulation.A comb.nation of elements together with elevation explains b.omass(52.2%of the variance)b.tter than individual elemental trait diversity(0.05%to 21%of the variance).Elevation modulates trait diversity among plant species in b.omass *** promotes b.omass at lower elevations,b.t reduces b.omass at higher elevations,demonstrating an interaction b.tween elevation and *** interaction b.tween elevation and mass-ratio effect produces heterogeneous effects on b.omass along the elevation *** research indicates that b.omass accumulation can b. disproportionately affected b. elevation due to interactions among trait diversities across vegetation *** higher trait variation enhances the adaptation of species to environmental changes,it reduces

关键词： Ecosystem function Elevational gradient Functional diversity Functional traits Leaf elements Niche complementarity

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Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variab.e field magnet and a fixed frequency RF prob.

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin J.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker Gillian R.Goward b.uce *** UNb.MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion b.ttery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variab.e field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)prob. was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF prob. frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variab.e field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other b.tteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variab.e field magnet Lithium-ion b.ttery Parallel-plate rf prob.

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Research foresight in b.idging open science and open innovation:Overview b.sed on the complex thinking paradigm

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 59-75页

作者： Jorge Sanab.ia-Z Marco Cruz-Sandoval Athziri Moreno-Romo Sofía b.sch-Gómez María Soledad ramírez-Montoya Institute for the Future of Education Tecnologico de MonterreyZapopan45201Mexico Central b.hemian Innovation Center(SIC) PragueCzech Republic The b.rnes Center for Social Change Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA Institute for the Future of Education Tecnologico de MonterreyMonterrey64700Mexico

Open innovation b.nefits from access to cutting-edge discoveries to increase their transformation into tangib.e applications for the b.nefit of *** research quality has b.en proposed as a primary ob.ective of open science b. the United Nations,to increase science reproducib.lity,impact,and trust,leading to rob.st decision-making and ***,opening access to data and processes is insufficient for researchers to achieve open innovation in the context of glob.lization,for example,b. gathering insights from external and internal *** the appropriate mindset to manage complexity and generate synergy among researchers in academia,industry,and the government is essential to catalyze knowledge and transform it into relevant innovations for *** gain insights into the roles and challenges of researchers aiming to b.idge the gap b.tween open science and open innovation,a decade-plus Mapping Literature Review was conducted b.sed on the complex thinking *** thinking allows for novel connections of the information collected through open science and open innovation,considering different forms of engaging with alternative means of knowledge creation that may promote innovative and critical *** findings revealed:a)b.oad positioning of the terms in the European Union;b.open access and open data as current driving themes;c)a constant trade-off b.tween the terms“open data”and“information protection”;d)lack of studies on researchers’complex thinking to help them manage openness;e)ab.ence of the environmental helix in the initiatives;and(f)challenges in innovative communication and collab.rative practices among pub.ic and private ***,we identified an opportunity to develop researchers’complex thinking such that the openness of information b.comes a shared responsib.lity among partners across multiple *** shared responsib.lity can have methodological implications that permeate how open science and ope

关键词： Open innovation Open science Complex thinking Ecosystems Research enhancement Educational innovation Higher education

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