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缺血性卒中的抗栓和溶栓治疗第7届ACCP抗栓和溶栓治疗会议

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国际脑血管病杂志 2006年第3期14卷 164+185-189页

作者： Gregory W.Albers Pierre Amarenco J.Donald Easton ralph l.sacco Philip Teal 苏克江安荣彪王桂敏 Stanford University MedicalCenter Stanford Stroke Center701Welch RdBuilding BSuite325PaloAltoCA94304-1705 解放军第66393部队医院

本文是《第7届ACCP抗栓和溶栓治疗会议:循证指南》的一部分,阐述卒中的预防和治疗。1级推荐最强,表示益处确实超过(或不超过)风险、负担和花费。2级推荐提示对个体化患者的评价可能导致选择差异(阅读Guyatt等的推荐等级说明有助于充分理... 详细信息

本文是《第7届ACCP抗栓和溶栓治疗会议:循证指南》的一部分,阐述卒中的预防和治疗。1级推荐最强,表示益处确实超过(或不超过)风险、负担和花费。2级推荐提示对个体化患者的评价可能导致选择差异(阅读Guyatt等的推荐等级说明有助于充分理解)。以下为本文包括的关键推荐:对于急性缺血性卒中(AIS)患者,如果是在确定的发病3h内,推荐给予静脉注射(IV)组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(tPA)治疗(1A级)。对于CT存在广泛而清晰可辨的低密度灶的患者,推荐不采用溶栓治疗(1B级)。对于未经选择的发病3～6h的AIS患者,推荐临床医生不采用IVtPA治疗(2A级)。对于AIS患者,推荐不使用链激酶治疗(1A级),同时推荐临床医生不要应用IV或皮下注射肝素或类肝素进行足量抗凝治疗(2B级)。对于那些未接受溶栓治疗的AIS患者,推荐早期应用阿司匹林治疗,剂量为160～325mg,1次/d(1A级)。对于活动受限的AIS患者,推荐预防性皮下注射小剂量肝素、低分子肝素或类肝素(1A级);而对于那些存在抗凝禁忌证的患者,推荐使用间歇性充气加压装置或弹力长袜(1C级)。对于急性脑内血肿患者,推荐开始应用间歇性充气加压装置(1C+级)。对于非心源性栓塞性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)[即动脉粥样硬化性血栓形成、腔隙性或原因不明性卒中]患者,推荐使用抗血小板药(1A级),包括阿司匹林50～325mg,1次/d;阿司匹林+缓释型双嘧达莫联合应用,25mg/200mg,2次/d;或氯吡格雷75mg,1次/d。对于这些患者,推荐阿司匹林+缓释型双嘧达莫联合应用25mg/200mg,2次/d,效果优于阿司匹林(2A级);氯吡格雷优于阿司匹林(2B级)。对于阿司匹林过敏者,推荐应用氯吡格雷(1C+级)。对于最近发生过卒中或TIA的心房颤动患者,推荐长期口服抗凝药治疗(目标国际标准化比率2·5,范围2·0～3·0)(1A级)。对于静脉窦血栓形成患者,推荐在急性期应用普通肝素(1B级)或低分子肝素(1B级),效果优于非抗凝疗法。

关键词：抗血栓药预防卒中组织型纤溶酶原激活剂

缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作患者的卒中预防指南

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中华脑血管病论坛 2006年第1期4卷 21-66页

作者： ralph l.sacco Robert Adams Grge Albers Mark J.AlBERTS Oscar Benavente Karen Furie larry B.Goldstein Philip Gorelick Jonathan Halperin Robert Harbaugh S.Claiborne Johnston Irene Katzan Margaret Kelly-Hayes Edgar J.Kenton Michael Marks lee H.Schwamm Thomas Tomsick 曹勇军（译）陈孝东（译）毛成洁（译）刘春风（译）

这份新声明旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活者的缺血性卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐，循证推荐包括对危险因素的控制，动脉粥样硬化性疾病的干预措施，心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性卒中抗血小板药的应用。另外，还为... 详细信息

这份新声明旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活者的缺血性卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐，循证推荐包括对危险因素的控制，动脉粥样硬化性疾病的干预措施，心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性卒中抗血小板药的应用。另外，还为其他多种特殊情况下复发性卒中的预防提供了推荐、包括动脉夹层分离、卵圆孔未闭、高同型半胱氨酸血症、高凝状态、镰状细胞病、脑静脉窦血栓形成、女性卒中（特别是与妊娠和绝经后激素替代治疗相关卒中），脑出血后肮凝药的应用，以及该指南在高危人群中执行和应用的特殊措施。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明缺血短暂性脑缺血发作卒中

Haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis and population genomics uncover the origin and domestication of sweetpotato

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 277-296页

作者： Mengxiao Yan Ming li Yunze Wang Xinyi Wang M-Hossein Moeinzadeh Dora G.Quispe-Huamanquispe Weijuan Fan Yijie Fang Yuqin Wang Haozhen Nie Zhangying Wang Aiko Tanaka Bettina Heider Jan F.Kreuze Godelieve Gheysen Hongxia Wang Martin Vingron ralph Bock Jun Yang Shanghai Key laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghai 201602China College of life Sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610061China College of life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Computational Molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsIhnestraBe 63-7314195 BerlinGermany Department of Biotechnology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement Crop Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8601Japan international Potato Center(CIP) LimaPeru CAS Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The hexaploid sweetpotato(lpomoea batatas)is one of the most important root crops ***,its genetic origin remains controversial,and its domestication history remains *** this study,we used a range of genetic evidence and a newly developed haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis to identify two probable progenitors of *** diploid progenitor was likely closely related to lpomoea ae-quatoriensis and contributed the B,subgenome,IbT-DNA2,and the lineage 1 type of chloroplast genome to *** tetraploid progenitor of sweetpotato was most likely *** 4x,which donated the B2 subgenome,IbT-DNA1,and the lineage 2 type of chloroplast *** most likely originated from reciprocal crosses between the diploid and tetraploid progenitors,followed by a subsequent whole-genome *** addition,we detected biased gene exchanges between the subgenomes;the rate of B,to B2 subgenome conversions was nearly three times higher than that of B2 to B subgenome *** analyses revealed that genes involved in storage root formation,maintenance of genome stabil-ity,biotic resistance,sugar transport,and potassium uptake were selected during the speciation and domestication of *** study sheds light on the evolution of sweetpotato and paves the way forimprovementofthiscrop.

关键词： sweetpotato origin gene conversion domestication IbT-DNA HPA

短暂性脑缺血发作的定义和评价:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会、心血管外科和麻醉委员会、心血管放射学和介入委员会、心血管护理委员会和外周血管病跨学科委员会对医疗卫生专业人员发布的科学声明:美国神经病学学会确认该声明作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值

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国际脑血管病杂志 2009年第9期17卷 643-660页

作者： J.Donald Easton Jeffrey l.Saver Gregory W.Albers Mark J.Alberts Seemant Chaturvedi Edward Feldmann Thomas S.Hatsukami Randall T.Higashida S.Claibome Johnston Chelsea S.Kidwell Helmi l.lutsep Elaine Miller ralph l.sacco 李海峰(译) 高翔(译) 不详青岛大学医学院附属医院神经内科 266003

本科学声明面向为短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attacks,TIA)患者提供医疗诊治的临床医生和相关医疗卫生人员。采用正规的证据复习方法对1990-2007年7月期间Medline数据库进行系统的文献检索,并运用证据表、汇总分析和病例资料... 详细信息

本科学声明面向为短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attacks,TIA)患者提供医疗诊治的临床医生和相关医疗卫生人员。采用正规的证据复习方法对1990-2007年7月期间Medline数据库进行系统的文献检索,并运用证据表、汇总分析和病例资料的合并分析,对数据进行综合处理。本文支持以下基于组织学的TIA定义:局灶性脑、脊髓或视网膜缺血引起的短暂性神经功能障碍发作,且无急性脑梗死。TIA患者的近期卒中风险较高,可根据临床量表、血管影像学和磁共振弥散加权成像进行风险分层。诊断推荐包括:TIA患者应在发病24h内接受神经影像学评价,最好是应用包括弥散序列在内的MRI;应进行无创性颈部血管成像检查,最好是无创性颅内血管成像;对于未能确定血管病因的患者,TIA发病后应尽快进行心电图检查,也应考虑持续心电监测和超声心动图检查;应进行常规血液化验;对于发病72h内就诊并且ABCD^(2)评分≥3分(提示近期复发风险较高)或在门诊不能迅速完成诊断评价的TIA患者,应收入院治疗。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明脑脑缺血缺血卒中短暂性脑缺血发作急性卒中综合征急性脑血管综合征

AHA/ASA关于卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作患者卒中预防推荐的更新

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中华脑血管病杂志（电子版） 2008年第6期2卷 378-381页

作者： Robert J.Adams Greg Albers Mark J.Alberts Oscar Benavente Karen Furie larry B.Goldstein Philip Gorelick Jonathan Halperin Robert Harbaugh S.Claiborne Johnston Irene Katzan Margaret Kelly-Hayes Edgar J.Kenton Michael Marks ralph l.sacco lee H.Schwamm 赵洪芹李海峰青岛大学医学院附属医院神经内科 266003

在卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemicattack,TIA）患者卒中预防推荐发表以后，美国心脏协会和美国卒中协会（American Heart Association／American Stroke Association，AHA／ASA）著述委员会对最近的一些试验结果进行了回... 详细信息

在卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemicattack,TIA）患者卒中预防推荐发表以后，美国心脏协会和美国卒中协会（American Heart Association／American Stroke Association，AHA／ASA）著述委员会对最近的一些试验结果进行了回顾。本文的目的是对这些新资料做简要回顾、

关键词：短暂性脑缺血发作卒中协会 AHA 预防 ASA 美国心脏协会委员会新资料

Ballistic tests on hot-rolled Ti-6Al-4V plates:Experiments and numerical approaches

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第8期26卷 39-53页

作者： Alexander Janda Benjamin James ralph Yael Demarty Marcel Sorger Stefan Ebenbauer Aude Prestl Ingo Siller Martin Stockinger Helmut Clemens Department of Materials Science Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straße 188700 LeobenAustria Department Product Engineering Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straße 188700 LeobenAustria French-German Research Institute of Saint-louis 5 Rue du General Cassagnou68300 Saint-LouisFrance voestalpine BOEHlER Bleche GmbH&Co KG Boehler-Gasse 18680MürzzuschlagAustria

Superior ballistic performance and the lightweight character of Ti alloys are considered as main reasons for their use in armour applications against a broad spectrum of ballistic threats,***,fragment or blast *** dynamic loading caused by typical penetrators is characterized by high strain rates,only specific test methods allow a closer investigation of the respective material *** the present study,quasi-static and dynamic compression tests as well as ballistic tests were conducted on a twophase a+βalloy Ti-6Al-4V(in m%)manufactured by ***-deformation heat treatments,influencing microstructure and mechanical properties were applied in order to compare three different microstructural configurations:as-rolled,mill-annealed and ***,on the one hand,ballistic tests were employed for the determination of the ballistic limit velocity v_(50),compression tests,on the other hand,delivered essential input parameters for the application of the Johnson-Cook constitutive model in a finite element simulation of the impact *** comparison of experimental results to simulation results was supplemented by means of microstructural characterization of tested samples with the focus set on the prevalently observed deformation and damage mechanisms,as for example adiabatic shearing.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V Ballistic performance Split Hopkinson pressure bar FE simulation Adiabatic shear bands Intermetallic phase

Improving Shape from Shading with Interactive Tabu Search

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第3期31卷 450-462页

作者： Jing Wu Paul l. Rosin Xianfang Sun ralph R. Martin School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA U.K.

Optimisation based shape from shading （SFS） is sensitive to initialization： errors in initialization are a signifi- cant cause of poor overall shape reconstruction. In this paper, we present a method to help overcome this problem by means of user interaction. There are two key elements in our method. Firstly, we extend SFS to consider a set of initializations, rather than to use a single one. Secondly, we efficiently explore this initialization space using a heuristic search method, tabu search, guided by user evaluation of the reconstruction quality. Reconstruction results on both synthetic and real images demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in providing more desirable shape reconstructions.

关键词： shape from shading user interaction tabu search

Rare earth oxides in zirconium dioxide:How to turn a wide band gap metal oxide into a visible light active photocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第2期26卷 270-276页

作者： Chiara Gionco Maria C.Paganini Elio Giamello Olga sacco Vincenzo Vaiano Diana Sannino Department of Chemistry University of Torino Department of Industrial Engineering University of Salerno

In the present study, we investigated the effect of cerium and erbium doping of the zirconium dioxide matrix. We synthesized doped samples using hydrothermal process. The amounts of dopant used were 0.5%, 1% and 5% molar(rare earth oxide over zirconium dioxide) respectively. The samples have been studied via X-ray Diffraction measurements for the structural characterization. UV visible diffuse reflectance was used for the optical analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) model for the measurement of the surface area. Finally the samples have been analysed via electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) for the electronic characterization. Then we tested the new synthetized materials to determine their photocatalytic activity in the reaction of degradation of methylene blue performed under irradiation by diodes(lEDs) emitting exclusively visible light.

关键词： 3rd generation photocatalysts Zirconium dioxide Rare earth ions Dyes mineralization

Skeleton-based canonical forms for non-rigid 3D shape retrieval

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Computational Visual Media 2016年第3期2卷 231-243页

作者： David Pickup Xianfang Sun Paul l.Rosin ralph R.Martin School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University

The retrieval of non-rigid 3D shapes is an important task. A common technique is to simplify this problem to a rigid shape retrieval task by producing a bending-invariant canonical form for each shape in the dataset to be searched. It is common for these techniques to attempt to "unbend" a shape by applying multidimensional scaling(MDS) to the distances between points on the mesh, but this leads to unwanted local shape distortions. We instead perform the unbending on the skeleton of the mesh, and use this to drive the deformation of the mesh itself. This leads to computational speed-up, and reduced distortion of local shape detail. We compare our method against other canonical forms: our experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art retrieval accuracy in a recent canonical forms benchmark, and only a small drop in retrieval accuracy over the state-of-the-art in a second recent benchmark, while being significantly faster.

关键词： canonical forms shape retrieval skeletons pose invariance