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Geoinformatics and digital earth initiatives:a German perspective

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2008年第1期1卷 17-30,I0002页

作者： M.ehlers Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing University of OsnabrueckSeminarstr.19 abD-49074 OsnabrueckGermany

This paper discusses the role of Geoinformatics as a new scientific discipline designed for handling of geospatial *** on the scientific background of the people involved in shaping the emerging discipline,emphasis may be placed on different aspects of *** and developments may address geoscientific,spatial planning,or computer science related *** scientific field of Geoinformatics encompasses the acquisition and storing of geospatial data,the modelling and presentation of spatial information,geoscientific analyses and spatial planning,and the development of algorithms and geospatial database *** is the position of the author that these tools from Geoinformatics are necessary to bridge the gap between Digital Earth models and the real world with its real-world problems(‘connecting through location’).It is,however,crucial that Geoinformatics represents a coherent integrated approach to the acquisition,storage,analysis,modeling,presentation,and dissemination of geo-processes and not a patchwork solution of unconnected fields of *** is as such not a part of Geography,Surveying,or Computer Science,but a new self-contained scientific *** current paper highlights international and national trends of the discipline and presents a number of Geoinformatics *** research and teaching activities of the newly formed Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing(IGF)at the University of Osnabrueck serve as an example for these *** these developments have lead to the long overdue formation of a scientific‘Society for Geoinformatics’(German:Gesellschaft fu¨r Geoinformatik-GfGI)in Germany.

关键词： geoinformatics digital earth modeling position paper emerging scientific discipline academic programmes

Extent and chronology of Quaternary glaciation

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Episodes 2008年第2期31卷 211-218页

作者： Jurgen ehlers Philip Gibbard Geologisches Landesamt Billstrasse 84. D-20539 Hamburg Germany Cambndge Quaternary Department Of Geography University of cambridge Downing Street Cambridge CB2 3EN England.

In a recent INQUA project the extent of Pleistocene glaciations has been digitally mapped and the chronology of events reviewed. The onset of the present Ice Age in both hemispheres dates back to the Palaeogene. In Greenland, Iceland, North America and southernmost South America sizeable ice sheets formed well before 2.6 ka BP. In Alaska and on Tierra del Fuego the ice advanced further than in any later glaciations. Evidence for Early Pleistocene glaciation （2.6-0. 78 Ma） has been reported from many parts of the world, but in most cases dating remains problematic, and the size of the glaciers and ice sheets is unknown.

关键词：第四纪地质时代冰川范围年代

Particle size and packing characterization by diffuse light transmission

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Particuology 2012年第5期10卷 619-627页

作者： Henrik ehlers Jyrki Heinmki Jouko Yliruusi Division of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E) FI-00014 University of Helsinki Finland Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory Department of Biosciences bo Akademi University BioCity Artillerigatan 6 20520 Turku Finland Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine University of Tartu Nooruse 1 50411 Tartu Estonia

Particle size, packing density and blend composition of glass ballotini, microcrystalline cellulose pellets and theophylline granules were studied by diffuse light transmission. Diffuse visible light was directed to the sample and the intensity of the light transmitted to the opposite side of the sample was measured through a diffusing lens using a phototransistor, Light transmission was found to decrease with decreasing particle size and with increasing packing density, There was a correlation, though somewhat irregular, between light transmission and particle size for glass ballotini and microcrystalline cellulose pellets, and a strong near-linear correlation between light transmission and particle size for theophylline granules, The effect of packing density on light transmission was significant, Differentiating the composition of binary blends of microcrystalline cellulose pellets and glass ballotini and blends of theophylline granules was found possible on the basis of light transmission, The method proposed showed potential as a rapid, simple and inexpensive analytical tool for basic process diagnostics,

关键词： Light transmissionParticle sizePacking densityConvectionSegregation

NIBU: a new approach to representing and analysing interior utility networks within 3D geo-information systems

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2012年第1期5卷 22-42页

作者： Ihab Hamzi Hijazi Manfred ehlers Sisi Zlatanova Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote SensingIGF University of OsnabrueckOsnabrueckGermany OTB Research Institute for HousingUrban and Mobility StudiesDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

Facility management departments’responsibilities include monitoring and maintenance of building infrastructure,such as water,gas or *** often these tasks are completed using paper maps,which make integrated analysis of networks *** to consider interior network structure and provide semantic and connectivity information supporting the required analysis operations are thus *** paper presents an approach relying on Building Information Model(BIM)as a data source for obtaining information about interior *** semantic and connectivity information of BIM is mapped onto a new model called Network for Interior Building Utilities(NIBU).NIBU is based on the semantic categorisation of utilities,and the spatial functions that have to be *** scenarios(‘maintenance operation’,‘emergency response’and‘inspection operation’)are developed to test the proposed *** model and its functions are implemented in spatial *** model is populated directly from a BIM server applying an Industrial Foundation Class(IFC)parser developed *** analysis functions are implemented to support spatial operations:trace upstream,trace downstream,find ancestors,find source and find *** investigation proves that BIM provides both the required semantics and attributes,and connectivity information that can facilitate analysis of interior utility *** provides a simple yet flexible way to manage interior network information,which can be integrated into Digital Earth.

关键词： building information model(BIM) building service system graph spatial DBMS utility network industrial foundation class(IFC)

Advancing Digital Earth:beyond the next generation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第1期7卷 3-16页

作者： Manfred ehlers Peter Woodgate Alessandro Annoni Sven Schade Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing University of Osnabru˝ckOsnabru˝ckGermany Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information Australia and New ZealandMelbourneAustralia Joint Research Centre European CommissionIspraItaly European Environment Agency CopenhagenDenmark

The Digital Earth(DE)movement is gaining *** of it is *** paper examines a number of recent developments including those in health sensors(Wearable Absence,Q-Sensor,and Guardian Angels)and systems frameworks(Gelernter’s Mirror Worlds,Virtual Australia,and New Zealand).Consideration is given to the implications of DE for citizens and on citizen science,including those of ethics.A suite of principles to guide the development of DE is proposed.

关键词： Digital Earth vision virtual spatial science Geomatics social science ethics

NIBU:An Integrated Framework for Representing the Relation Among Building Structure and Interior Utilities in Micro-Scale Environment

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2011年第2期14卷 98-108页

作者： Ihab HIJAZI Sisi ZLATANOVA Manfred ehlers Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing (IGF) University of Osnabrueck OTB Research Institute for HousingUrban and Mobility Studies Delft University of Technology

This paper describes a framework for modeling interdependencies between different network systems and building *** provides an approach for the integrated analysis of interior building utilities by describing a framework to model and simulate infrastructure interdependencies and their complex *** is a graph-based spatial model that can support use cases such as providing the location and specifications of interior utilities to a technician who wants to perform a maintenance *** location could be needed for maintenance or replacement,or to investigate the result of damage to the building structure on another utility network,or to estimate the effect of different maintenance operations in different locations along utilities service *** model accounts for two important aspects:first,the relationship between interior utilities and building elements or spaces and second,the building hierarchy structure to which the utilities network is related.A proper hierarchy of the building is developed which supports the generation of human-oriented descriptions of interior utilities,where a method for partitions of large building element and spaces as well as a method to reference a network element to another building are *** connection of the different utilities network systems and buildings are generated using joints,which are based on a containment *** example is presented which shows the effectiveness of this approach for supporting maintenance operations,as well as the independences between the maintenance operation location and the other network *** paper presents the data model and explains the links with current 3D building model standards.

关键词： Building Information Model (BIM) building service system utility network graph city models

Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第2期19卷 169-174页

作者： Friederike Lütt Luise ehlers Horst Nizze Robert Jaster Department of Medicine II Division of GastroenterologyRostock University Medical CenterE.-Heydemann-Str.618057 RostockGermany Institute of Pathology Rostock University Medical CenterStrempelstraβ1418057 RostockGermany

Background:Current animal models of chronic pancreatitis(CP)often provide only limited pathophysio-logical insights since they incompletely reflect the human *** induced by injection of dibutyltin dichloride(DBTC-pancreatitis)shares with human CP the important feature of extended fibrosis and would be an even more attractive model if it could be transferred from rats to mice,as recently sug-gested in the context of combined ethanol and DBTC *** study aimed to evaluate the effects of DBTC in pancreas and liver of C57BL/6 mice,a strain commonly used to engineer genetic mouse ***:C57BL/6 mice and Lewis rats were exposed to variable doses of *** an investigation period of up to 4 weeks,laboratory findings and histopathological changes of pancreas and liver were ***:Chronic DBTC-pancreatitis in rats was characterized by acinar cell damage,ductal changes,fi-brosis,and inflammatory cell *** treated with DBTC at 6–8 mg/kg body weight,the standard doses in rats,showed transient increases of lipase activities but no morphological signs of chronic DBTC-pancreatitis 4 weeks after injection of the *** doses of 10–12 mg/kg DBTC were intolerable due to their high *** contrast,mice and rats presented with a similar histopathology of the liver that can be characterized as a chronic-proliferative DBTC-cholangitis with predominating damage and proliferation of the small bile ducts as well as secondary portal inflammatory cell infiltrates and a begin-ning portal ***:The DBTC-model cannot be transferred from rats to C57BL/6 mice with respect to chronic DBTC-pancreatitis,but might be of interest to study DBTC-cholangitis in both species.

关键词： Animal models Cholangitis Pancreatitis

Radiogenic Source Identification for the Helium Production-Diffusion Equation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第6期14卷 1-20页

作者： Gang Bao Todd A.ehlers Peijun Li Department of Mathematics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Mathematics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Geosciences Wilhelmstrasse 56Universitat TubingenD-72074TubingenGermany Department of Mathematics Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Knowledge of helium diffusion kinetics is critical for materials in which helium measurements are made,particulary for *** most cases the helium ages were younger than expected,an observation attributes to diffusive loss of helium and the ejection of high energy alpha *** it is important to accurately calculate the distribution of the source term within a *** this paper,the prediction of the helium concentrations as function of a spatially variable source term are *** the forward and inverse solutions are *** the assumption of radially symmetric geometry,an analytical solution is deduced based on the eigenfunction *** regularization methods,the Tikhonov regularization and the spectral cutoff regularization,are considered to obtain the regularized *** estimates with optimal convergence order are shown between the exact solution and the regularized *** examples are presented to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： Inverse source problem production-diffusion equation Tikhonov regularization

A comparative data-fusion analysis of multi-sensor satellite images

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第8期7卷 671-687页

作者： Saygin Abdikan Fusun Balik Sanli Filiz Sunar Manfred ehlers Geomatic Engineering Department Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Geomatic Engineering Department Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Institute for Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing University of OsnabruckOsnabruckGermany

Remote-sensing data play an important role in extracting information with the help of various sensors having different spectral,spatial and temporal ***,data fusion,which merges images of different spatial and spectral resolutions,plays an important role in information *** research investigates quality-assessment methods of multisensor(synthetic aperture radar[SAR]and optical)data *** the analysis,three SAR data-sets from different sensors(RADARSAT-1,ALOS-PALSAR and ENVISAT-ASAR)and optical data from SPOT-2 were *** the PALSAR and the RADARSAT-1 images have the same resolutions and polarisations,images are gathered in different frequencies(L and C bands,respectively).The ASAR sensor also has C-band radar,but with lower(25 m)*** the frequency is a key factor for penetration depth,it is thought that the use of different SAR data might give interesting results as an *** study describes a comparative study of multisensor fusion methods,namely the intensity-hue-saturation,ehlers,and Brovey techniques,by using different statistical analysis techniques,namely the bias of mean,correlation coefficient,standard deviation difference and universal image quality index *** results reveal that ehlers’method is superior to the others in terms of spectral and statistical fidelity.

关键词： image fusion SAR multisensor image processing accuracy