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Genealogy and phylogeography of Cyprinid fish Labeo rohita （Hamilton, 1822） inferred from ATPase 6 and 8 mitochondrial DNA gene analysis

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Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 460-471页

作者： Rupesh K. LUHARIYA Kuldeep K. LAL Rajeev K. SINGH Vindhya MOHINDRA Arti GUPTA Prachi MASIH Arvind K. DWIVEDI rakhi das U. K. CHAUHAN J. K. JENA National Bureau ofFish Genetic Resources (ICAR) Lucknow- 226 002 UP India School of Environmental Sciences APS University Rewa- 486 003 MP India

ATPase 6/8 gene （842 bp） of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced in Labeo rohita samples （n = 253） collected from nine rivers belonging to four river basins; Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra and Mahanadi. Analysis revealed 44 haplotypes with high haplotype diversity （Hd） 0.694 and low nucleotide diversity （π） 0.001. The within population variation was larger （83.44%） than among population differences （16.56%）. The mean Fsv value （0.166; P 〈 0.05） for overall populations revealed moderate level of genetic structuring in the wild L. rohita populations. The haplotype network presented a single clade for wild L. rohita population, from different rivers. Negative values for Fu＇s index （Fs）, mismatch distribution analysis indicated period of expansion in L. rohita population. The time after recent expansion was estimated for each population, between 0.042 to 0.167 mya. The pattern of Isolation by Distance （IBD） was not significant （r = -0.113, P 〈 0.287）, when all the sampling locations were compared （Mantel test）, however, when an outlier （Indus, Brahmaputra and Mahanadi） was removed from the whole population set, a clear positive correlation between pairwise Fsv and geographic distance （Km） was seen. The analysis of data demonstrated that ATPase6/8 gene polymorphism is a potential marker to understand genetic population structure of wild L. rohita existing in different rivers. The study identified population substructure in wild L. rohita with common ancestral origin [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 460--471, 2014].

关键词： Labeo rohita ATPase6/8 mtDNA Polymorphism Genetic Divergence India

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from plants: A review of their diversity, modes of action, prospects, and concerns in the management of diabetes-centric complications

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第6期19卷 478-492页

作者： rakhi Chakraborty Swarnendu Roy Department of Botany A.P.C.Roy Government CollegeMatigara 734010West BengalIndia Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of North BengalRaja Rammohunpur 734011West BengalIndia

Angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)inhibitors are antihypertensive medications often used in the treatment of diabetes-related *** ACE inhibitors are known to cause serious side effects like hypotension,renal insufficiency,and ***,there has been an intensifying search for natural ACE *** plants or plant-based extracts are known to possess ACEinhibitory *** this review,articles focusing on the natural ACE inhibitors extracted from plants were retrieved from databases like Google Scholar,Pub Med,Scopus,and Web of *** have found more than 50 plant species with ACE-inhibitory *** them,Angelica keiskei,Momordica charantia,Muntingia calabura,Prunus domestica,and Peperomia pellucida were the most potent,showing comparatively lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration *** the bioactive metabolites,peptides(e.g.,Tyr-Glu-Pro,Met-Arg-Trp,and Gln-Phe-Tyr-Ala-Val),phenolics(e.g.,cyanidin-3-Osambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside),flavonoids([-]-epicatechin,astilbin,and eupatorin),terpenoids(ursolic acid and oleanolic acid)and alkaloids(berberine and harmaline)isolated from several plant and fungus species were found to possess significant ACE-inhibitory *** were also known to possess promising antioxidant,antidiabetic,antihyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory *** the minimal side effects and lower toxicity of herbal compounds,development of antihypertensive drugs from these plant extracts or phytocompounds for the treatment of diabetesassociated complications is an important *** review,therefore,focuses on the ACE inhibitors extracted from different plant sources,their possible mechanisms of action,present status,and any safety concerns.

关键词： Angiotensin-converting enzyme Inhibitor Herbal medicine Hyperglycaemia Hypertension Bioactive metabolite

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Assessment of traditional knowledge of the antidiabetic plants of Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas in the context of recent phytochemical and pharmacological advances

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2016年第5期14卷 336-358页

作者： rakhi Chakraborty Swarnendu Roy Vivekananda Mandal Department of Botany APC Roy Government College Department of Botany Kurseong College Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of Gour Banga

Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas, a part of Eastern Himalayan Hotspot, is characterized by its richness of plant diversity. Herbal medicine has been one of the most popular and reliable healing practices among the different ethnic groups of this region for ages. However, the lack of documentation practice by the traditional healers has led to obscurity regarding the efficacy of herbal medicine among the present generation, though they have to depend on the same quite often. Meanwhile, several reviews have attempted to document the plants used for the treatment of diabetes from this region, but interestingly, very few research works can be obtained regarding the characterization of antidiabetic properties of the plants of this region. Therefore, it demands a better understanding of the potentiality of these plants in the purview of scientific evidence. This review article reports 55 such plant species which have been reported to be frequently used in the treatment of hyperglycemia and our objective was to validate the potentiality of the plants in the light of recent phytochemical and pharmacological researches being carried out Iocallv or elsewhere.

关键词： hyperglycemia antidiabetics antihyperglycemics phytochemicals pharmacological processes herbal medicine

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Prevention and Treatment of Recurrent Hepatitis B after Liver Transplantation

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第1期4卷 54-65页

作者： rakhi Maiwall Manoj Kumar Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences New Delhi India

Chronic hepatitis B is a global health problem that leads to development of various complications,such as cirrhosis,liver cancer,and liver failure requiring liver *** recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) post-liver transplantation is a major cause of allograft dysfunction,cirrhosis of the allograft,and graft *** with high viral load at the time of transplantation,hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)positivity,or those with a history of anti-viral drug resistance are considered as high-risk for recurrent HBV post-liver transplantation,while patients with low viral load,including HBeAg negative status,acute liver failure,and hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infection are considered to be at low-risk for recurrent HBV post-liver *** for patients awaiting liver transplantation(LT) cause suppression of HBV replication and reduce the risk of recurrent HBV infection of the allograft and,therefore,all HBV patients with decompensated cirrhosis should be treated with potent antivirals with high genetic barrier to resistance (entecavir or tenofovir) prior to liver *** of post-liver transplantation recurrence should be done using a combination of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and antivirals in patients at high risk of *** dose HBIG,HBIG-free protocols,and monoprophylaxis with high potency antivirals can still be considered in patients at low risk of ***,marginal grafts from anti-HBc positive donors can be safely used in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative,preferably in anti-hepatitis B core (HBc)/anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) positive *** this article,we aim to review the mechanisms and risk factors of HBV recurrence post-LT in addition to the various treatment strategies proposed for the prevention of recurrent HBV infection

关键词： Hepatitis B Recurrent Liver transplant

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Electron Acceleration by Beating of Two Intense Cross-Focused Hollow Gaussian Laser Beams in Plasma

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第1期69卷 86-94页

作者： Saleh T. Mahmoud rakhi Gauniyal Nafis Ahmad Priyanka Rawat Gunjan Purohit Department of Physics College of Science UAE University Laser Plasma Computational Laboratory Department of Physics DAV (PG) College

This paper presents propagation of two cross-focused intense hollow Gaussian laser beams(HGBs) in collisionless plasma and its effect on the generation of electron plasma wave(EPW) and electron acceleration process,when relativistic and ponderomotive nonlinearities are simultaneously operative. Nonlinear differential equations have been set up for beamwidth of laser beams, power of generated EPW, and energy gain by electrons using WKB and paraxial approximations. Numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the effect of typical laser-plasma parameters on the focusing of laser beams in plasmas and further its effect on power of excited EPW and acceleration of electrons. It is observed that focusing of two laser beams in plasma increases for higher order of hollow Gaussian beams,which significantly enhanced the power of generated EPW and energy gain. The amplitude of EPW and energy gain by electrons is found to enhance with an increase in the intensity of laser beams and plasma density. This study will be useful to plasma beat wave accelerator and in other applications requiring multiple laser beams.

关键词： hollow Gaussian beams (HGBs) collisionless plasma cross-focusing electron plasma wave particle acceleration

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Association between obesity-related adipokines and colorectal cancer:A case-control study and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7941-7949页

作者： rakhi Kumari Joshi Woo Jin Kim Sang-Ah Lee Department of Preventive Medicine Kangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheon-siGangwon-do 200-701South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Kangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheon-siGangwondo 200-701South Korea

AIM: To examine the association between obesity-related adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.

关键词： Obesity Colorectal cancer Cancer risk Adipokines Obesity-related adipokines

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Establishing the relationship between land use land cover,normalized difference vegetation index and land surface temperature:A case of Lower Son River Basin,India

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 265-275页

作者： Shipra Singh Pankaj Kumar rakhi Parijat Barbaros Gonengcil Abhinav Rai Department of Geography Miranda HouseUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Geography Delhi School of EconomicsUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Department of Geography Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The study explores the intricate interplay between land use land cover(LULC),normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and land surface temperature(LST)within the Lower Son River Basin in India from 1991 to *** region’s ecological balance has been increasingly strained due to rapid urbanization and changing land use *** a combination of Landsat TM&OLI/TIRS satellite imageries and geospatial analysis techniques,this study unveils the intricate connection between land use and land cover changes,vegetation,and land surface temperature *** study area is classified into three altitudinal zones(Zone Ⅰ:39–300 m,Zone Ⅱ:301–600 m and Zone Ⅲ:601–1,247 m)to examine the changes in *** area has seen significant changes in LULC,vegetation and LST in all the three altitudinal *** findings hold significant implications for sustainable land management and environmental conservation strategies in the Lower Son River *** per the result,103,438 ha of vegetation was converted into agriculture land and 82,572 ha of agricultural land was transformed into settlements from 1991 to *** trend shows human pressure on the land resource in the study *** increase in water body is seen which is attributed to commissioning of Bansagar *** Ⅰ has seen highest settlement growth while Zone Ⅲ experienced severe deforestation of around 15%.Zone Ⅱ and Ⅲ needs attention for holistic *** of LST shows that it has increased by 0.82℃ from 1991 to 2020 which is a red *** study underscores the critical importance of balanced land use practices to preserve ecological integrity and mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and climate change.

关键词： Lower Son River Basin LULC LST NDVI Correlation

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Spontaneous rupture of intrahepatic pseudocyst into the inferior vena cava

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第3期6卷 225-227,I0003页

作者： Yashwant Patidar Binit Sureka Vaibhav Pratap Singh Kalpana Bansal rakhi Maiwall Department of Radiology/Interventional Radiology Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia

We present an extremely rare case of caudate lobe intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst with spontaneous rupture into the inferior vena cava(IVC).A 58-year-old male,a chronic alcoholic,presented with features of pancreatitis for which imaging was *** and contrast-enhanced computed tomography were carried out,which revealed intrahepatic pancreatic pseudocyst in the caudate lobe of the *** was suggestion of spontaneous rupture of the pseudocyst into the IVC,which was well delineated on imaging.

关键词： pancreatic pseudocyst spontaneous rupture inferior vena cava

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Effect of inflammatory bowel disease treatments on patients with diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第8期12卷 1248-1254页

作者： Joshua Ashley Jack Bower Lauren O'Flynn rakhi Kakad David Aldulaimi Department of Gastroenterology South Warwickshire Foundation TrustWarwick CV345BWUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology South Warwickshire Foundation TrustWarwick CV345BWUnited Kingdom

As medical care progresses and the number of patients with chronic conditions increases there is the inevitable challenge of managing patients with multiple *** bowel disease(IBD)is an umbrella term for are inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract,the two most common forms being Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s *** diseases,usually diagnosed in young adults,exhibit a relapsing and remitting course and usually require longterm *** can be treated with a number of topical and systemic *** conducted a review of the current published evidence for the effects these medications can have on diabetes mellitus(DM)and glycaemic *** were conducted on medline and embase with a timeframe from 1947(the date from which studies on embase are recorded)to November *** publications were selected and *** evidence of the impact of aminosalicylates,corticosteroids,thiopurines,and biologic agents was *** there was limited evidence for certain agents,IBD medications have been shown to have an effect of DM and these effects should be considered in managing patients with dual *** effects of steroids on blood sugar control is well documented,but consideration of other agents is also *** patients requiring steroids for Ulcerative Colitis,locally acting steroid agents delivered rectally may be preferred to minimise side effects in those with distal bowel Ulcerative Colitis.A switch to other agents should be considered as soon as possible in people with diabetes to limit the impact on glycaemic control.5-aminosalicylates appear to play a role in the reduction of hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),although the literature suggests these may be falsely low ***,monitoring of people with diabetes on these agents may require daily monitoring of capillary blood sugars rather than relying simply on HbA1c;for example fructosamine performed 3-6 monthly,although th

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Diabetes mellitus Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α Corticosteroids

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EUS-guided Gall Bladder Drainage in Severe Liver Disease: A Single-center Experience in Critically Ill Cirrhotics

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第1期6卷 35-39页

作者： Kapil Dev Jamwal Manoj Kumar Sharma rakhi Maiwall Barjesh Kumar Sharma Shiv Kumar Sarin Department of Hepatology Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesD1Vasant KunjNew DelhiIndia Department of Hepatology Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesD1Vasant KunjNew Delhi 110070India

Background and Aims:Acute calculous cholecystitis with impending gall bladder perforation in severe liver diseases including decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is difficult to manage,due to the procedures such as cholecystectomy and percutaneous cholecystostomy being associated with high risk and complications in these ***:Four cases of severe liver disease with acute calculous cholecystitis who presented to the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences(New Delhi,India)for further management were included in the study if they underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided gall bladder drainage(EUS-GBD).The patients were followed up for a minimum of 3 months and outcomes were ***:Four cases of severe liver disease(three ACLF and one decompensated cirrhosis),with model for end-stage liver disease scores of 24,26,23 and 25 respectively,presented with acute calculous cholecystitis(Tokyo grade III)and systemic sepsis(high total leukocyte counts).Their international normalized ratios were 2.3,2.6,2.2 and 2.9 respectively,and two were in shock,requiring inotropes at *** of the abdomen confirmed hugely distended gall bladder with stone impacted at the neck and moderate *** these cases underwent EUS-GBD by linear echo endoscope,and had the gastric wall punctured in the antrum using a 19G access needle followed by dilatation of the tract using controlled radial expansion balloon and Sohendra *** three cases,the plastic stents were *** the fourth case,a Nagi stent was *** the patients recovered and were discharged within a ***:EUS-GBD is challenging in severe liver disease but represents a life-saving procedure,and hence can be attempted in such critically ill patients with utmost care and precaution.

关键词： ACLF Acute-on-chronic liver failure Cholecystitis Ascites

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