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Neuroprotective effects of Alda-1 mitigate spinal cord injury in mice:involvement of Alda-1-induced ALDH2 activation-mediated suppression of reactive aldehyde mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 185-193页

作者： Mushfiquddin khan Fei Qiao Pavan kumar S.M.Touhidul Islam Avtar k.singh Jeseong Won Inderjit singh Department of Pediatrics Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Ralph H.Johnson VA Medical Center CharlestonSCUSA

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is associated with high production and excessive accumulation of pathological 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal(4-HNE),a reactive aldehyde,formed by SCI-induced metabolic dysregulation of membrane *** aldehyde load causes redox alteration,neuroinflammation,neurodegeneration,pain-like behaviors,and locomotion *** scavenging of reactive aldehydes results in limited improved motor and sensory *** this study,we targeted the activity of mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)to detoxify 4-HNE for accelerated functional recovery and improved pain-like behavior in a male mouse model of contusion SCI.N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide(Alda-1),a selective activator of ALDH2,was used as a therapeutic tool to suppress the 4-HNE *** was induced by an impactor at the T9–10 vertebral *** animals were initially treated with Alda-1 at 2 hours after injury,followed by once-daily treatment with Alda-1 for 30 consecutive *** function was evaluated by the Basso Mouse Scale,and pain-like behaviors were assessed by mechanical allodynia and thermal ***2 activity was measured by enzymatic assay.4-HNE protein adducts and enzyme/protein expression levels were determined by western blot analysis and histology/*** resulted in a sustained and prolonged overload of 4-HNE,which parallels with the decreased activity of ALDH2 and low functional ***-1 treatment of SCI decreased 4-HNE load and enhanced the activity of ALDH2 in both the acute and the chronic phases of ***,the treatment with Alda-1 reduced neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and neuronal loss and increased adenosine 5′-triphosphate levels stimulated the neurorepair process and improved locomotor and sensory ***,the results provide evidence that enhancing the ALDH2 activity by Alda-1 treatment of SCI mice suppresses the 4-HNE load that attenuates neuroinfl

关键词： 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal Alda-1 ALDH2 Basso Mouse Scale score functional recovery mitochondrial function neuroinflammation neuroprotection pain spinal cord injury

Sub-acute Toxicity of Carbofuran on Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Freshwater Catfish,Clarias batrachus

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环境与职业医学 2005年第5期22卷 403-407页

作者： Rajendra k.singh B.Sharma Laboratory of Biochemical Toxicology Department of Biochemistry Dr.R.M.L.Avadh UniversityFaizabad-224 001INDIA

The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) activity has been widely used as a biomarker in an animal exposed to the pesticides. However, the interaction of extensively used organocarbamate insecticide, carbofuran, with the nervous system of the aquatic organisms is not properly studied. AChE is a key enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junctions, and thus regulates the neurotransmission system. In the present study, we have evaluated the impact of sub-acute concentrations (0.01 and 0.02 mg/L i.e. 1/20th and 1/10th of LC50) of carbofuran on the activity of acetylcholinesterase,from different tissues of Clarias batrachus, a fresh water teleost, after 96 hr and 15 days exposure periods in vivo. The carbofuran significantly reduced the activity of AChE in different tissues of C. batrachus at both concentrations and periods of exposure. The greater inhibition of AChE activities were recorded in fish tissues at higher carbofuran concentration (0.02 mg/L) after longer (15days) treatment period. The inhibition of AChE activity in all fish tissues tested was dependent on pesticide concentration and the duration of treatment. AChE from the tissues of C. batrachus was found to be a true cholinesterase as it was completely inhibited by the small concentration (nM) of eserine as tested in vitro. It was found that carbofuran at very low concentration exerted significant inhibitory effect on AChE activity in fish tissues.

关键词：急性中毒乙酰胆碱酯酶酶活性淡水鱼环境卫生

A wheat chromosome 5AL region confers seedling resistance to both tan spot and Septoria nodorum blotch in two mapping populations

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 809-818页

作者： Wenjing Hu Xinyao He Susanne Dreisigacker Carolina P.Sansaloni Philomin Juliana Pawan k.singh key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low&Middle Yangtze Valley Ministry of AgricultureLixiahe Region Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou 225007JiangsuChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Apdo.Postal 6-64a06600 Mexico D.F.Mexico

Tan spot(TS) and Septoria nodorum blotch(SNB), caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum, respectively, are important fungal leaf-spotting diseases of wheat that cause significant losses in grain yield. In this study, two recombinant inbred line populations, ‘Bartai’ × ‘Ciano T79’(referred to as B × C) and ‘Cascabel’ × ‘Ciano T79’(C × C) were tested for TS and SNB response in order to determine the genetic basis of seedling resistance. Genotyping was performed with the DAr Tseq genotypingby-sequencing(GBS) platform. A chromosome region on 5 AL conferred resistance to TS and SNB in both populations, but the effects were larger in B × C(R^2= 11.2%–16.8%) than in C × C(R^2= 2.5%–9.7%). Additionally, the chromosome region on 5BL(presumably Tsn1)was significant for both TS and SNB in B × C but not in C × C. Quantitative trait loci(QTL)with minor effects were identified on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4D, 5A, 5B, 5D, 6B,and 6D. The two CIMMYT breeding lines ‘Bartai’ and ‘Cascabel’ contributed resistance alleles at both 5AL and 5BL QTL mentioned above. The QTL on 5AL showed linkage with the Vrn-A1 locus, whereas the vrn-A1 allele conferring lateness was associated with resistance to TS and SNB.

关键词： Parastagonospora nodorum Pyrenophora tritici-repentis QTL mapping Resistance breeding Triticum aestivum

Dietary supplementation of dried plum:a novel strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1056-1072页

作者： Sanjeev Wasti Nirvay Sah Amit k.singh Chin N.Lee Rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:Heat stress is a significant problem in the poultry industry,causing a severe economic loss due to its detrimental effects on chickens’health and *** plum(DP)is a good source of minerals,vitamins,antioxidants,and phenolic *** have suggested that DP has several health benefits,such as maintaining the body’s redox system,immune status,and calcium *** on the health benefits of DP,we hypothesized that the dietary supplementation of DP would alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on broiler ***:To test the hypothesis,day-old broiler chicks(n=72)were randomly allocated to three treatment groups(n=24/group):no heat stress(NHS),heat stress(HS),and heat stress with dried plum(HS+DP),and reared under standard *** inclusion of 2.5%DP in the feed of the HS+DP group was made during the treatment period,while birds in other groups were provided with a standard finisher *** 21 days,birds in the HS and HS+DP groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress conditions(33℃ for 8 h during daytime)for 3 weeks,while those in the NHS group were reared under normal conditions(22-24℃).Weekly body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),and feed conversion ratio(FCR).Heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight,ADG,ADFI,and increased FCR compared to the NHS group,whereas dietary supplementation of DP significantly improved these growth performance parameters compared to the HS ***,supplementation of DP significantly increased the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSF1,HSF3,HSP70,and HSP90),antioxidant-related genes(SOD1,SOD2,GPX1,GPX3,PRDX1,and TXN),tight junction-related genes(CLDN1,and OCLN),and immune-related genes(IL4,MUC2)in the ileum as compared to the HS *** microbiota analysis showed significant enrichment of Bacillales,Christensenellaceae,Bacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae,and Anaerot

关键词： Dried plum Gene expression Heat stress Microbiota Mitigation

Thermodynamical and topological properties of metastable Fe_(3)Sn

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2373-2384页

作者： Chen Shen Ilias Samathrakis kun Hu Harish k.singh Nuno Fortunato Huashan Liu Oliver Gutfleisch Hongbin Zhang School of Materials Science Technical University DarmstadtOtto-Berndt-Straße 3Darmstadt64287Germany School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityLushan South Road 932410083ChangshaChina

The Fe–Sn-based kagome compounds attract intensive attention due to its attractive topological transport and rich magnetic *** experimental data,first-principles calculations,and Calphad assessment,thermodynamic and topological transport properties of the Fe–Sn system were *** functional theory(DFT)calculations were performed to evaluate the intermetallics’finite-temperature heat capacity(C_(p)).A consistent thermodynamic assessment of the Fe–Sn phase diagram was achieved by using the experimental and DFT results,together with all available data from previous ***,we report that the metastable phase Fe_(3)Sn was introduced into the current metastable phase diagram,and corrected phase locations of Fe_(5)Sn_(3)and Fe_(3)Sn_(2)under the newly measured corrected temperature ***,the anomalous Hall conductivity and anomalous Nernst conductivity of Fe_(3)Sn were calculated,with magnetization directions and doping considered as perturbations to tune such transport *** was observed that the enhanced anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities originate from the combination of nodal lines and small gap areas that can be tuned by doping Mn at Fe sites and varying magnetization direction.

关键词： intermetallics metastable magnetization

Changes in species composition, diversity and biomass of herbaceous plant traits due to N amendment in a dry tropical environment of India

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第3期8卷 321-332页

作者： Punita Verma R.Sagar Hariom Verma Preeti Verma Dharmendra k.singh Department of Botany Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

Aim European and North american studies have suggested that nitrogen(N)depositions reduce plant diversity and increase primary pro-ductivity due to changes in plant *** predict the vegetation response to future global change,experimental validations from other regions are widely *** assessed the effects of N treat-ment by urea fertilization on the diversity and biomass of the her-baceous plant traits(HPTs)in a dry tropical environment of *** Diversity and biomass of different HPTs were determined on the basis of data collected in year 2010,from 135,1 m×1 m plots dis-tributed over 15 *** plots were treated with urea fertilizer in different doses(Control,60 kgNha−1 yr−1 and 120 kg N ha−1yr−1)since 1st January *** plots were ordinated and data were subjected to appropriate statistical *** Findings Correspondence analysis(Ca)suggested uniqueness of species composition due to N *** number and biomass of the trait categories varied due to N fertilization and *** studied trait categories(except N-fixers)yielded maximum mean species number at moderate level of N *** levels of N fer-tilization exhibited different species diversity-primary productivity(D-P)***,study showed reduction in plant diver-sity due to increase in biomass at high rates of N *** Tall,erect,non N-fixers,annuals,grasses HPTs were favoured by N enrichment.N dose above 60 kg enhanced the biomass of fast grow-ing,erect,annuals,non N-fixers,nitrophilic *** changes in traits with N addition,especially the increase in annuals and grasses and decrease in typically N-rich N-fixers,have implications for sus-tainable cattle production.

关键词： biomass Ca ordination dry tropics N amendment herbaceous plant traits primary productivity species diversity

Evaluating and predicting social behavior of arsenic affected communities:Towards developing arsenic resilient society

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Sushant k.singh Robert W.Taylor Venkatamallu Thadaboina Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State University1 Normal AveMontclairNJUnited States The Center for Artificial Intelligence and Environmental Sustainability(CAIES)Foundation PatnaBiharIndia National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj(NIRDPR) RajendranagarHyderabadTelanganaIndia

This study uses six machine learning(ML)algorithms to evaluate and predict individuals'social resilience towards arsenicosis-affected people in an arsenic-risk society of rural *** 50%of the surveyed communities were found to be resilient towards arsenicosis *** regression with inbuilt cross-validation(LRCV)model scored the highest accuracy(76%),followed by Gaussian distributionbased naïve Bayes(GNB)model(74%),C-Support Vector(SVC)(74%),k-neighbors(kn)(73%),Random Forest(RF)(72%),and Decision Tree(DT)(67%).The LRCV also scored the highest kappa value of 0.52,followed by GNB(0.48),SVC(0.48),kn(0.46),RF(0.42),and DT(0.31).Caste,education,occupation,housing status,sanitation behaviors,trust in others,non-profit and private organizations,social capital,and awareness played a key role in shaping social resilience towards arsenicosis *** authors opine that LRCV and GNB could be promising methods to develop models on similar data generated from a risk society.

关键词： Arsenic Resilience Society Socioeconomic Psychological Logistic regression India

Unleashing the Power of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Algorithmic Trading in the Digital Financial Frontier and Enterprise Information Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3123-3138页

作者： Saket Sarin Sunil k.singh Sudhakar kumar Shivam Goyal Brij Bhooshan Gupta Wadee Alhalabi Varsha Arya Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh160019India Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology(SCIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India Department of Computer Science Immersive Virtual Reality Research GroupKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Business Administration Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityBeirut11022801Lebanon UCRD Chandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413India

In the rapidly evolving landscape of today’s digital economy,Financial Technology(Fintech)emerges as a trans-formative force,propelled by the dynamic synergy between Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Algorithmic *** in-depth investigation delves into the intricacies of merging Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning(MARL)and Explainable AI(XAI)within Fintech,aiming to refine Algorithmic Trading *** meticulous examination,we uncover the nuanced interactions of AI-driven agents as they collaborate and compete within the financial realm,employing sophisticated deep learning techniques to enhance the clarity and adaptability of trading *** AI-infused Fintech platforms harness collective intelligence to unearth trends,mitigate risks,and provide tailored financial guidance,fostering benefits for individuals and enterprises navigating the digital *** research holds the potential to revolutionize finance,opening doors to fresh avenues for investment and asset management in the digital ***,our statistical evaluation yields encouraging results,with metrics such as Accuracy=0.85,Precision=0.88,and F1 Score=0.86,reaffirming the efficacy of our approach within Fintech and emphasizing its reliability and innovative prowess.

关键词： Neurodynamic Fintech multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithmic trading digital financial frontier

Soybean Root System Architecture Trait Study through Genotypic,Phenotypic,and Shape-Based Clusters

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 149-171页

作者： kevin G.Falk Talukder Zaki Jubery Jamie A.O’Rourke Arti singh Soumik Sarkar Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Asheesh k.singh Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research UnitAmesIowaUSA

We report a root system architecture(RSA)traits examination of a larger scale soybean accession set to study trait genetic *** from the limitation of scale,scope,and susceptibility to measurement variation,RSA traits are tedious to *** 35,448 SNPs with an imaging phenotyping platform,292 accessions(replications=14)were studied for RSA traits to decipher the genetic *** on literature search for root shape and morphology parameters,we used an ideotypebased approach to develop informative root(iRoot)categories using root *** RSA traits displayed genetic variability for root shape,length,number,mass,and *** accessions clustered into eight genotype-and phenotype-based clusters and displayed ***-based clusters correlated with geographical *** profiles indicated that much of US origin genotypes lack genetic diversity for RSA traits,while diverse accession could infuse useful genetic variation for these ***-based clusters were created by integrating convolution neural net and Fourier transformation methods,enabling trait cataloging for breeding and research *** combination of genetic and phenotypic analyses in conjunction with machine learning and mathematical models provides opportunities for targeted root trait breeding efforts to maximize the beneficial genetic diversity for future genetic gains.

关键词： neural breeding Root