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Hot-corrosion behavior of Cr_2O_3–CNT-coated ASTM-SA213-T22 steel in a molten salt environment at 700°C

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第3期26卷 337-344页

作者： Khushdeep Goyal Hazoor Singh rakesh bhatia Department of Mechanical Engineering Punjabi University Mechanical Engineering Section Yadavindra College of Engineering

The present work investigates the hot-corrosion behavior of carbon nanotube(CNT)-reinforced chromium oxide coatings on boiler steel in a molten salt(Na_2SO_4–60 wt%V_2O_5) environment at 700°C under cyclic conditions. The coatings were deposited via the high-velocity oxygen fuel process. The uncoated and coated steel samples were subjected to hot corrosion in a silicon tube furnace at 700°C for 50 cycles. The kinetics of the corrosion behavior was analyzed through mass-gain measurements after each cycle. The corrosion products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis techniques. The results revealed that uncoated steel suffered spallation of scale because of the formation of nonprotective Fe_2O_3 scale. The coated steel samples exhibited lower mass gains with better adhesiveness of oxide scale with the steel alloy until the end of exposure. The CNT-reinforced coatings were concluded to provide better corrosion resistance in the hot-corrosion environment because of the uniform dispersion of CNTs in the coating matrix and the formation of protective chromium oxides in the scale.

关键词： carbon nanotubes corrosion thermal spray porosity composite boiler steel

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Influence of wellhead pressure and water cut in the optimization of oil production from gas lifted wells

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Petroleum Research 2022年第2期7卷 253-262页

作者： S.Hari Shanker Krishna Manav Patel Pooja bhatia rakesh Kumar Vij Drilling Cementing&Stimulation(DCS)Research CentrePandit Deendayal Energy UniversityKnowledge CorridorRaysanGandhinagarGujarat382426India School of Petroleum Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy UniversityKnowledge CorridorRaysanGandhinagarGujarat382426India

The worldwide increase in energy demand necessitates the development and optimization of marginal oil fields for *** this regard,effective and economic production of fluids are heavily relied upon the artificial lift techniques as the reservoir's natural energy may not be able to deliver the fluids to the *** lift is a widely practised and successful method that is suitable for rejuvenating the oil production from such *** this study,the influence of critical parameters like water cut,wellhead pressure(WHP)and gas-lift gas injection rate on the output from a gas lifted well was analysed.A significant reduction in the oil production was observed with the increase in water *** a fixed gas injection rate of 1 Mmscf/day,the production decreased by 26.90%when the water cut increased from 15%to 30%and further by 50.80%when the water cut reached 45%.An increase in the gas injection rate from 1 Mmscf/day to 8 Mmscf/day resulted in an increase in the production rate by 29.21%,40.48%and 56.56%for 15%,30%,and 45%water cut conditions,*** was observed that there is a drop in the oil rate with the increase in WHP for a constant gas injection *** increase in the WHP from 100 psi to 300 psi resulted in a drop in the oil production rate by 11.01%,11.78%and 12.74%for 15%,30%and 45%water cut conditions,*** study sheds light on the significance of optimizing the critical parameters to maximize the production from a well,with severely affected productivity,using a continuous gas lift system.

关键词： Artificial lift Continuous gas lift Productivity Water cut Wellhead pressure

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mpaired flow-mediated vasodilatation in Asian Indians with erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第5期15卷 652-657页

作者： Tanuj bhatia Aditya Kapoor Jatinder Kumar Archana Sinha Priyadarshi Ranjan Sudeep Kumar Naveen Garg Satyendra-Tewari Aneesh Srivastava rakesh Kapoor Pravin K Goel Departments of Cardiology Sanjay Gandhi PGIMS Lucknow 226014 India Urology and Renal Transplantation Sanjay Gandhi PGIMS Lucknow 226014 India

Endothelial dysfunction is the postulated link between coronary artery disease （CAD） and erectile dysfunction （ED）. Brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation （FMD） is a non-invasive surrogate marker for endothelial function assessment. Despite Asian Indians representing a considerable global CAD burden, data on FMD and ED in these patients are lacking. Of the 225 patients undergoing coronary angiography, 72% had ED （assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF-5） questionnaire）; ED was moderate to severe in 61% of the patients. ED patients had a higher incidence of severe and diffuse angiographic CAD, a greater number of coronary vessels involved and a lower mean brachial artery FMD （6.40%±4.60% vs. 9.10%±4.87%, P〈0.001） compared to non-ED patients. A progressive reduction in FMD was noted with increasing severity of ED. Impaired FMD （ ≤ 5.5%） was twice as common in ED patients （52% vs. 24% without ED）. Patients with impaired FMD had higher ED prevalence （85% vs. 62%） and lower mean I IEF-5 scores compared to those with normal FMD. Impaired FMD was a significant ED predictor independent of other risk factors （odds ratio, 2.33; 95% confidence interval： 0.59-9.23; P=0.03）. An inverse correlation between FMD and ED severity was observed （r=-0.22; P=0.004）. ED is common among Asian Indians with angiographically documented CAD. Patients with ED have impaired FMD independent of other risk factors, suggesting that endothelial dysfunction is the underlying pathophysiology. Urologists and cardiologists need to be aware of the association between ED, CAD and endothelial dysfunction.

关键词： Asian Indians brachial artery flow mediated vasodilatation erectile dysfunction (ED)

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